用css3實現驚豔面試官的背景即背景動畫(高級附源碼)

咱們傳統的前端更多的是用javascript實現各類複雜動畫,自從有了Css3 transition和animation以來,前端開發在動畫這一塊有了更高的自由度和格局,對動畫的開發也愈來愈容易。這篇文章就讓咱們彙總一下使用Css3實現的各類特效。這篇文章參考《css揭祕》這本書,並做出了本身的總結,但願能讓你們更有收穫,也強烈推薦你們看看這本書,你值得擁有。javascript

咱們將學到

  • Css3
  • outline
  • radial-gradient
  • linear-gradient
  • box-shadow

程序員必讀

Css3編碼技巧css

1.實現內部虛線邊框

知識點:outlinehtml

核心代碼

.dash-border{
  width: 200px;
  height: 100px;
  line-height: 100px;
  outline: 1px dashed #fff;
  outline-offset: -10px;
}
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2.邊框內圓角的實現

知識點:box-shadow前端

核心代碼

.radius-border{
  margin-top: 20px;
  width: 180px;
  height: 80px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 10px gray;
}
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3.實現條紋背景與進度條

知識點:linear-gradient,repeating-linear-gradientvue

核心代碼

/* 上 */
background: linear-gradient(to right,#fb3 50%,#58a 0);
background-size: 40px 100%;
box-shadow: inset 0 0 3px #555;

/* 中 */
background: linear-gradient(45deg,#fb3 25%,#58a 0,#58a 50%,#fb3 0,#fb3 75%,#58a 0);
background-size: 40px 40px;

/* 下 (能夠實現任意角度的漸變,45°時顯示效果最好) */
background: repeating-linear-gradient(60deg,#fb3,#fb3 15px,#58a 0,#58a 30px);
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4.複雜的背景圖案

知識點:linear-gradient,repeating-linear-gradient,radial-gradientjava

因爲第二個圖會有複雜的隨機動畫,建議你們能夠親自嘗試看看效果,核心代碼node

<style> .bg-grid{ margin-top: 20px; width: 200px; height: 200px; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,1) 2px,transparent 0), linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,1) 2px,transparent 0), linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.2) 1px,transparent 0), linear-gradient(to right,rgba(255,255,255,.2) 1px,transparent 0); background-position: -50px -50px; background-size: 100px 100px,100px 100px, 100% 10px, 10px 100%; } .animate-grid{ animation: move-grid 6s linear infinite; } @keyframes move-grid{ 0%{ background-position: -50px -50px; } 30%{ background-position: -100px -100px; } 60%{ background-position: -100px -150px; } 100%{ background-position: -50px -50px; } } </style>
<div class="bg-grid black-theme"></div>
<div class="bg-grid black-theme animate-grid"></div>
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紅綠燈以及紅路燈隨機運動動畫

利用css3多背景和position實現紅綠燈和背景色塊移動

核心代碼react

<style> .bg-dot{ margin-top: 20px; width: 200px; height: 50px; background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#0cf 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,red 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,yellow 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,green 15px,transparent); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 0 0, 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0, 200px 0; background-size: 50px 50px; } .animate-dot{ animation: move-dot 8s linear infinite; } .animate-dot2{ animation: move-dot2 6s linear infinite; } @keyframes move-dot{ 0%{ background-position: 0 0, 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0; } 30%{ background-position: 50px 0, 0 0, 100px 0, 150px 0; } 60%{ background-position: 50px 0, 100px 0, 0 0, 150px 0; } 100%{ background-position: 50px 0, 100px 0, 150px 0, 0 0; } } @keyframes move-dot2{ 0%{ background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#0cf 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent); } 30%{ background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,red 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent); } 60%{ background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,yellow 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent); } 100%{ background-image: radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,gray 15px,transparent), radial-gradient(circle,green 15px,transparent); } } </style>
<div class="bg-dot black-theme animate-dot"></div>
<div class="bg-dot black-theme animate-dot2"></div>
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棋盤背景以及棋盤背景隨機動畫

利用背景漸變實現棋盤圖案

核心代碼ios

<style> .bg-qi{ margin-top: 20px; width: 200px; height: 200px; background-color: #eee; background-image: linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 25%,transparent 0,transparent 75%,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 0), linear-gradient(45deg,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 25%,transparent 0,transparent 75%,rgba(0,0,0,.25) 0); background-position: 0 0, 20px 20px; background-size: 40px 40px; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4); } </style>
<div class="bg-qi black-theme"></div>
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僞隨機背景

利用背景漸變,keyframe動畫,實現複雜的僞隨機動畫

核心代碼css3

<style> .bg-line-rand{ margin-top: 20px; width: 480px; height: 60px; background-color: #eee; background-image: linear-gradient(90deg,#fb3 11px, transparent 0), linear-gradient(90deg,#ab4 23px, transparent 0), linear-gradient(90deg,#655 41px, transparent 0); background-size: 41px 100%, 61px 100%, 83px 100%; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4); } .bg-dot-rand{ margin-top: 20px; width: 200px; height: 200px; background-color: #eee; background-image: radial-gradient(circle,#fb3 5px, transparent 0), radial-gradient(circle,#ab4 13px, transparent 0), radial-gradient(circle,#655 31px, transparent 0); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: 101px 203px, 147px 60px, 373px 201px; box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.4); } .animate1{ animation: move 4s linear infinite; } .animate2{ animation: move2 4s linear infinite; } @keyframes move{ 0%{ background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0; } 50%{ background-position: -10px 0, 20px 0, 30px 0; } 100%{ background-position: 0 0, 30px 0, 10px 0; } } @keyframes move2{ 0%{ background-position: 0 0, 0 0, 0 0; } 50%{ background-position: -10px 30px, 20px 0, -40px 80px; } 100%{ background-position: 0 20px, 60px -20px, 10px 30px; } } </style>
<div class="bg-line-rand black-theme"></div>
<div class="bg-line-rand black-theme animate1"></div>
<div class="bg-dot-rand black-theme animate2"></div>
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5.折角效果

知識點:linear-gradient

核心代碼

<style> .fold{ margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 20px; width: 200px; height: 80px; color: #fff; line-height: 80px; text-align: center; background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.5) 0) no-repeat 100% 0 / 2em 2em, linear-gradient(-135deg,transparent 1.4em,#06c 0); } .linear{ background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.5)) no-repeat 100% 0 / 2em 2em, linear-gradient(-135deg,transparent 1.4em,#06c); } </style>
<div class="fold">折角效果哦</div>
<div class="fold linear">折角效果哦</div>

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2.內陰影圓折角效果

核心代碼

<style> .fold-1{ margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 20px; position: relative; width: 200px; height: 80px; border-radius: .5em; color: #fff; line-height: 80px; text-align: center; background: linear-gradient(-150deg,transparent 1.5em, #58a 0); } .fold-1::before{ content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; background: linear-gradient(to left bottom,transparent 50%,rgba(0,0,0,.2) 0,rgba(0,0,0,.4)) 100% 0 no-repeat; width: 1.73em; height: 3em; transform: translateY(-1.3em) rotate(-30deg); transform-origin: bottom right; border-bottom-left-radius: inherit; box-shadow: -.2em .2em .3em -.1em rgba(0,0,0,.15); } </style>
<div class="fold-1">折角效果哦</div>
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6.自適應文本的條紋背景

知識點:linear-gradient,line-height,background-origin

核心代碼

<style> .stripe-bg{ padding: .5em; line-height: 1.5em; background: beige; background-size: auto 3em; background-origin: content-box; background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0,0,0,.2) 50%, transparent 0); } .stripe-bg > p{ margin: 0; } </style>
<div class="stripe-bg">
  <p>hello you</p>
  <p>hello you</p>
  <p>hello you</p>
  <p>hello you</p>
  <p>hello you</p>
</div>
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7.自定義的下劃線實現

知識點linear-gridient

小夥伴們注意到了嗎?默認的下劃線會將文字穿過,而上面的不會呦!

核心代碼

<style> .my-line{ line-height: 1.4em; background: linear-gradient(gray,gray) no-repeat; background-size: 100% 1px; background-position: 0 1.15em; text-shadow: .05em 0 #fff, -.05em 0 #fff; } </style>
<div class=""><span class="my-line">i have your big apple.you have a too? hi hi hi.</span></div>
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最後

筆者3天后將推出開源的CMS系統,技術架構:

  • 後臺Node+Koa+redis+JsonSchema
  • 管理後臺界面 vue-cli3 + vue + ts + vuex + antd-vue + axios
  • 客戶端前臺 react + antd + react-hooks + axios

後面將推出該系統的設計思想,架構和實現過程,歡迎在公衆號《趣談前端》裏查看更詳細的介紹。

歡迎你們相互學習交流,一塊兒探索前端的邊界。

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