Docker mysql主主互備和高可用

1、測試環境

1.1 結構圖　

1.2 版本

1. 操做系統：CentOS 7.3
2. MySQL版本：5.6.35
3. Docker版本：18.06.1-ce
4. 使用root用戶操做
5. IP地址說明

IP地址	用途	備註
172.16.10.83	MySQL	mysqla
172.16.10.62	MySQL	mysqlb
172.16.10.199	VIP(keepalived)

2、安裝mysql

2.1 建立目錄

mkdir -p /data/mysqldb
mkdir -p /data/docker-compose/mysql-compose

 

2.2 編寫docker-compose.yml文件

cd /data/docker-compose/mysql-compose
vim docker-compose.yml

version: '3'
services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.6.35
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"

    volumes:
      - ./my.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
      - /data/mysqldb:/var/lib/mysql
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro

    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456

    restart: always

　　將本身的my.cnf文件放置在/data/docker-compose/mysql-compose目錄下

　　my.cnf　

[client]
default-character-set = utf8
port = 3306
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /var/lib/mysql
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
character-set-server = utf8
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog_cache_size = 1M
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 128M 
server_id = 1235
binlog_format=MIXED
read-only=0
auto-increment-increment=10
auto-increment-offset=1
skip-external-locking
slow-query-log = on
long_query_time = 1
slow_query_log_file = /var/lib/mysql/slow.log
lower_case_table_names = 1
max_connections=1100
max_user_connections=100
max_connect_errors=1000
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 8
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
innodb_sync_spin_loops = 40
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_support_xa = 0
innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_thread_sleep_delay = 500
innodb_concurrency_tickets = 1000
log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_read_io_threads = 16
innodb_write_io_threads = 16
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
innodb_file_format = Barracuda
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_purge_batch_size = 32
innodb_old_blocks_pct=75
innodb_change_buffering=all
innodb_stats_on_metadata=OFF
sql_mode=ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION

log-error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.pid

　　配置文件中須要增長(以上文件已加)　

server-id=123
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=MIXED

read-only=0
auto-increment-increment=10
auto-increment-offset=1


read-only:標識數據庫是否爲只讀，這裏咱們設置爲0即非只讀，該參數針對用戶沒有SUPER權限設置。

auto-increment-increment和auto-increment-offset這兩個參數主要控制MySQL自增列的值，
用於Master-Master之間的複製，防止出現重複值。作了如上配置後，咱們向該MySQLA服務中插入第一個id就是1，
第二行的id就是11，而不是2，那麼在MySQLB服務插入第一個id就是2，第二行的id就是12，這樣就不會出現主鍵衝突。

　　

　　

2.3 啓動mysql

docker-compose up -d

#docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                       COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
bba3674e9c44        mysql:5.6.35                "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 hours ago         Up 41 minutes       0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysqlcompose_mysql_1

 

2.4 一樣方法啓動另外一個mysql

# 在另外一臺啓動mysql前，其配置文件my.cnf修改

server-id=190
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=MIXED

relay_log=mysql-relay-bin
log-slave-updates=ON

read-only=0
auto-increment-increment=10
auto-increment-offset=2

　　

 

 3、MySQLA - > MySQLB同步配置

 3.1 建立MySQL同步帳號

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysqla'@'172.16.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysqla';

#該同步帳號主要是給MySQLB使用。

　　

 3.2 查看MySQLA的master狀態

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000006 |      120 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.3 登入MySQLB，執行以下命令

change master to
master_host='172.16.10.83',
master_user='mysqla',
master_password='mysqla',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',
master_log_pos=120;

3.4 在MySQLB中執行同步命令

mysql> start slave;

3.5 在MySQLB中執行,查看是否配置成功

mysql> show slave status \G;



*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.10.83
                  Master_User: mysqla
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 120
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000006
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: 
           Replicate_Do_Table: 

　　

 

4、MySQLB - > MySQLA同步配置

4.1 建立MySQL同步帳號

GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'mysqlb'@'172.16.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysqlb';

#該同步帳號主要是給MySQLA使用。

　　

4.2 登入MySQLB查看master狀態

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000006 |      473 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

　　

4.3 登陸MySQLA數據庫執行以下同步命令

change master to
master_host='172.16.10.62',
master_user='mysqlb',
master_password='mysqlb',
master_log_file='mysql-bin.000006',
master_log_pos=473;

　　

4.4 在MySQLA庫中執行啓動同步命令

mysql> start slave;

　　

4.5 登陸MySQLA驗證同步命令是否執行成功

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.10.62
                  Master_User: mysqlb
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 756
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000006
                Relay_Log_Pos: 467
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000006
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

　　

　

5、主主互備驗證

5.1 登陸MySQLA數據庫建立test庫

mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

　　

5.2 在MySQLB上查看新建的數據庫test　　

　　

　　數據庫同步過來了

5.3 在MySQLB上刪除數據庫test

　　

5.4 查看MySQLA中數據庫test是否被刪除

　　

　　確實已經不存在了，到此MySQL主主互備完成。

6、keepalived

 6.1 分別在兩臺mysql服務器上執行安裝　

yum -y install keepalived

systemctl enable keepalived

　　

6.2 MySQL服務狀態監控腳本

　　MySQL服務狀態監測腳本，主要監控MySQL服務狀態是否正常，若是不正常則將該MySQL所在服務的Keepalived服務殺死，監控MySQL服務是否正常的方法有多種能夠經過端口號、進程ID以及執行MySQL命令，這裏咱們使用mysladmin執行命令來監測MariaDB服務是否正常，腳本內容以下(check_mysql.sh)

cd /etc/keepalived

vim check_mysql.sh

#!/bin/bash

MYSQL_PING=`docker exec mysqlcompose_mysql_1 mysqladmin -h127.0.0.1 -uroot -p123456 ping 2>/dev/null`
MYSQL_OK="mysqld is alive"
if [[ "$MYSQL_PING" != "$MYSQL_OK" ]];then
   echo "mysql is not running."
   killall keepalived
else
   echo "mysql is running"
fi

　

　注：兩臺服務器都要配置

 

6.4 MySQLA服務器Keepalived配置

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
}
vrrp_script check_mysql {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"
  interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state MASTER
  interface eth0
  virtual_router_id 51
  priority 100
  advert_int 1
  nopreempt
  authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
  }
  virtual_ipaddress {
    172.16.10.199
  }
  track_script {
    check_mysql
  }
}

　　注：這個是master

 

6.5 MySQLB服務器Keepalived配置　

! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
}
vrrp_script check_mysql {
  script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"
  interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
  state BACKUP
  interface eth0
  virtual_router_id 51
  priority 90
  advert_int 1
  authentication {
    auth_type PASS
    auth_pass 1111
  }
  virtual_ipaddress {
    172.16.10.199
  }
  track_script {
    check_mysql
  }
}

 

6.6 分別啓動keepalived

systemctl start keepalived

　　

6.7 查看VIP是否被綁定在MASTER的網卡上

　　Master在172.16.10.83這個服務器上

　　

 

 7、驗證

7.1 驗證聯通性

　　在兩臺服務器上pingVIP

　　172.16.10.83

　　

　　172.16.10.62

　　

 

7.2 驗證VIP是否會漂移

　　將keepalive的master這個停掉，VIP就應該不在這個服務器上了　　

# MySQLA服務器
systemctl stop keepalived

　　

　　查看BACKUP服務器，確實已經漂移過來了

　　

 

7.3 驗證mysql中止VIP是否會漂移

　　在MySQLA服務器上中止mysql容器　　

#docker stop mysqlcompose_mysql_1
mysqlcompose_mysql_1

[root@node1 /etc/keepalived]
#docker ps | grep mysqlcompose_mysql_1

[root@node1 /etc/keepalived]
#ip addr list eth0
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether fa:36:67:e1:b4:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.16.10.83/24 brd 172.16.10.255 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::f836:67ff:fee1:b400/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

　　可見VIP已經不在了

　　

　　事實上keepalived也中止了

　　

　　VIP自動漂移到MySQLB這臺服務器上了