假設銀行提供了一些 API 接口,對參數的序列化有點特殊,不使用 JSON,而是須要咱們把參數依次拼在一塊兒構成一個大字符串程序員
按照銀行提供的API文檔順序,將全部的參數構成定長的數據,而且拼接在一塊兒做爲一整個字符串面試
由於每一種參數都有固定長度,未達到長度須要進行填充處理api
字符串類型參數不滿長度部分要如下劃線右填充,即字符串內容靠左數組
數字類型的參數不滿長度部分以0左填充,即實際數字靠右app
貨幣類型的表示須要把金額向下舍入2位到分,以分爲單位,做爲數字類型一樣進行左填充ide
參數作MD5 操做做爲簽名優化
public class BankService {
//建立用戶方法
public static String createUser(String name, String identity, String mobile, int age) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
//字符串靠左,多餘的地方填充_
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-10s", name).replace(' ', '_'));
//字符串靠左,多餘的地方填充_
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-18s", identity).replace(' ', '_'));
//數字靠右,多餘的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%05d", age));
//字符串靠左,多餘的地方用_填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-11s", mobile).replace(' ', '_'));
//最後加上MD5做爲簽名
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
return Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection/bank/createUser")
.bodyString(stringBuilder.toString(), ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
}
//支付方法
public static String pay(long userId, BigDecimal amount) throws IOException {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
//數字靠右,多餘的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%020d", userId));
//金額向下舍入2位到分,以分爲單位,做爲數字靠右,多餘的地方用0填充
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%010d", amount.setScale(2, RoundingMode.DOWN).multiply(new BigDecimal("100")).longValue()));
//最後加上MD5做爲簽名
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
return Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection/bank/pay")
.bodyString(stringBuilder.toString(), ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
}
}
這樣作可以基本知足需求,可是存在一些問題:ui
處理邏輯互相之間有重複,稍有不慎就會出現Bug編碼
處理流程中字符串拼接、加簽和發請求的邏輯,在全部方法重複url
實際方法的入參的參數類型和順序,不必定和接口要求一致,容易出錯
代碼層面參數硬編碼,沒法清晰進行覈對
@Data
public class CreateUserAPI {
private String name;
private String identity;
private String mobile;
private int age;
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface BankAPI {
String desc() default "";
String url() default "";
}
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.FIELD)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface BankAPIField {
int order() default -1;
int length() default -1;
String type() default "";
}
private static String remoteCall(AbstractAPI api) throws IOException {
//從BankAPI註解獲取請求地址
BankAPI bankAPI = api.getClass().getAnnotation(BankAPI.class);
bankAPI.url();
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
Arrays.stream(api.getClass().getDeclaredFields()) //得到全部字段
.filter(field -> field.isAnnotationPresent(BankAPIField.class)) //查找標記了註解的字段
.sorted(Comparator.comparingInt(a -> a.getAnnotation(BankAPIField.class).order())) //根據註解中的order對字段排序
.peek(field -> field.setAccessible(true)) //設置能夠訪問私有字段
.forEach(field -> {
//得到註解
BankAPIField bankAPIField = field.getAnnotation(BankAPIField.class);
Object value = "";
try {
//反射獲取字段值
value = field.get(api);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//根據字段類型以正確的填充方式格式化字符串
switch (bankAPIField.type()) {
case "S": {
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%-" + bankAPIField.length() + "s", value.toString()).replace(' ', '_'));
break;
}
case "N": {
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%" + bankAPIField.length() + "s", value.toString()).replace(' ', '0'));
break;
}
case "M": {
if (!(value instanceof BigDecimal))
throw new RuntimeException(String.format("{} 的 {} 必須是BigDecimal", api, field));
stringBuilder.append(String.format("%0" + bankAPIField.length() + "d", ((BigDecimal) value).setScale(2, RoundingMode.DOWN).multiply(new BigDecimal("100")).longValue()));
break;
}
default:
break;
}
});
//簽名邏輯
stringBuilder.append(DigestUtils.md2Hex(stringBuilder.toString()));
String param = stringBuilder.toString();
long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
//發請求
String result = Request.Post("http://localhost:45678/reflection" + bankAPI.url())
.bodyString(param, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON)
.execute().returnContent().asString();
log.info("調用銀行API {} url:{} 參數:{} 耗時:{}ms", bankAPI.desc(), bankAPI.url(), param, System.currentTimeMillis() - begin);
return result;
}
經過反射來動態得到class的信息,並在runtime的時候完成組裝過程。這樣作的好處是開發的時候會方便直觀不少,而後將邏輯與細節隱藏起來,而且集中放到了一個方法當中,減小了重複,以及維護當中bug的出現。
@BankAPI(url = "/bank/createUser", desc = "建立用戶接口")
@Data
public class CreateUserAPI extends AbstractAPI {
@BankAPIField(order = 1, type = "S", length = 10)
private String name;
@BankAPIField(order = 2, type = "S", length = 18)
private String identity;
@BankAPIField(order = 4, type = "S", length = 11) //注意這裏的order須要按照API表格中的順序
private String mobile;
@BankAPIField(order = 3, type = "N", length = 5)
private int age;
}
@BankAPI(url = "/bank/pay", desc = "支付接口")
@Data
public class PayAPI extends AbstractAPI {
@BankAPIField(order = 1, type = "N", length = 20)
private long userId;
@BankAPIField(order = 2, type = "M", length = 10)
private BigDecimal amount;
}
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