代碼研磨 Slim v3 (二)--app->run()

APP->run()代碼以下：

 

/**
 * Run application
 *
 * This method traverses the application middleware stack and then sends the
 * resultant Response object to the HTTP client.
 *
 * @param bool|false $silent
 * @return ResponseInterface
 *
 * @throws Exception
 * @throws MethodNotAllowedException
 * @throws NotFoundException
 */
public function run($silent = false)
{
    $request = $this->container->get('request');
    $response = $this->container->get('response');


    $response = $this->process($request, $response);

    if (!$silent) {
        $this->respond($response);
    }
    return $response;
}

　$request = $this->container->get('request');

get已經分析過了，container實現了ArrayAccess ，get其實就是調用offsetGet()。

這個request究竟是個什麼東東呢？跟一下。

if (!isset($this['request'])) {
    /**
     * PSR-7 Request object
     *
     * @param Container $c
     *
     * @return ServerRequestInterface
     */
    $this['request'] = function ($c) {
        return Request::createFromEnvironment($c->get('environment'));
    };
}
 
if (!isset($this['environment'])) {
    /**
     * This service MUST return a shared instance
     * of \Slim\Interfaces\Http\EnvironmentInterface.
     *
     * @return EnvironmentInterface
     */
    $this['environment'] = function () {
        return new Environment($_SERVER);
    };
}

首先看到Request是須要一個environment的，$c->get('environment')生成的是一個Environment對象。其次Environment 是經過$__SERVER構造的對象。

class Environment extends Collection implements EnvironmentInterface

這裏能夠看出Enviroment是繼承了Collection，全部它的數組形式訪問能夠實現obj[’name’]。同時Environment中實現了EnvironmentInterface接口的mock方法。

瞭解這個知識點緣由在於下面的$c->get(‘environment’);是一個Environment對象，並且在RequestcreateFromEnvironment($c->get('environment'))會獲取Environment成員屬性的獲取。

在Request::createFromEnvironment()中代碼：

/**
 * Create new HTTP request with data extracted from the application
 * Environment object
 *
 * @param  Environment $environment The Slim application Environment
 *
 * @return self
 */
public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $environment)
{
    $method = $environment['REQUEST_METHOD'];
    $uri = Uri::createFromEnvironment($environment);
    var_dump($uri);
    $headers = Headers::createFromEnvironment($environment);
    $cookies = Cookies::parseHeader($headers->get('Cookie', []));
    $serverParams = $environment->all();
    $body = new RequestBody();
    $uploadedFiles = UploadedFile::createFromEnvironment($environment);

    $request = new static($method, $uri, $headers, $cookies, $serverParams, $body, $uploadedFiles);

    if ($method === 'POST' &&
        in_array($request->getMediaType(), ['application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'multipart/form-data'])
    ) {
        // parsed body must be $_POST
        $request = $request->withParsedBody($_POST);
    }
    return $request;
}

$method = $environment['REQUEST_METHOD'];

就是用數組的方法訪問了屬性REQUEST_METHOD。

 

'SCRIPT_NAME'  =>  string  '/example/index.php'  (length=18)

 很好奇這個$__SERVER究竟是個什麼東西，對其進行打印，結果以下：

array  (size=37)

  'REDIRECT_UNIQUE_ID'  => string 'Vqrb26wRQjYAAAOax40AAAAB' (length=24)
  'REDIRECT_STATUS'  => string '200' (length=3)
  'UNIQUE_ID'  => string 'Vqrb26wRQjYAAAOax40AAAAB' (length=24)
  'HTTP_HOST'  => string 'localhost' (length=9)
  'HTTP_CONNECTION'  => string 'keep-alive' (length=10)
  'HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL'  => string 'max-age=0' (length=9)
  'HTTP_ACCEPT'  => string 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8' (length=74)
  'HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS'  => string '1' (length=1)
  'HTTP_USER_AGENT'  => string 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/47.0.2526.111 Safari/537.36' (length=121)
  'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'  => string 'gzip, deflate, sdch' (length=19)
  'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'  => string 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8' (length=14)
  'HTTP_COOKIE'  => string 'CNZZDATA5718743=cnzz_eid%3D686564234-1452136358-%26ntime%3D1452136358' (length=69)
  'PATH'  => string '/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin' (length=29)
  'DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH'  => string '/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/lib:/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/lib' (length=69)
  'SERVER_SIGNATURE'  => string '' (length=0)
  'SERVER_SOFTWARE'  => string 'Apache/2.4.16 (Unix) OpenSSL/1.0.1p PHP/5.6.12 mod_perl/2.0.8-dev Perl/v5.16.3' (length=78)
  'SERVER_NAME'  => string 'localhost' (length=9)
  'SERVER_ADDR'  => string '::1' (length=3)
  'SERVER_PORT'  => string '80' (length=2)
  'REMOTE_ADDR'  => string '::1' (length=3)
  'DOCUMENT_ROOT'  => string '/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs' (length=37)
  'REQUEST_SCHEME'  => string 'http' (length=4)
  'CONTEXT_PREFIX'  => string '' (length=0)
  'CONTEXT_DOCUMENT_ROOT'  => string '/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs' (length=37)
  'SERVER_ADMIN'  => string 'you@example.com' (length=15)
  'SCRIPT_FILENAME'  => string '/Applications/XAMPP/xamppfiles/htdocs/example/index.php' (length=55)
  'REMOTE_PORT'  => string '49719' (length=5)
  'REDIRECT_URL'  => string '/example/forbase' (length=16)
  'GATEWAY_INTERFACE'  => string 'CGI/1.1' (length=7)
  'SERVER_PROTOCOL'  => string 'HTTP/1.1' (length=8)
  'REQUEST_METHOD'  => string 'GET' (length=3)
  'QUERY_STRING'  => string '' (length=0)
  'REQUEST_URI'  => string '/example/forbase' (length=16)
  'SCRIPT_NAME'  => string '/example/index.php' (length=18)
  'PHP_SELF'  => string '/example/index.php' (length=18)
  'REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT'  => float 1454037979.728

  'REQUEST_TIME'  => int 1454037979

哈哈，東西還真是個多啊。

Request類中用到Uri類：

/**
 * Create new Uri from environment.
 *
 * @param Environment $env
 *
 * @return self
 */
public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $env)
{
    // Scheme
    $isSecure = $env->get('HTTPS');
    $scheme = (empty($isSecure) || $isSecure === 'off') ? 'http' : 'https';

    // Authority: Username and password
    $username = $env->get('PHP_AUTH_USER', '');
    $password = $env->get('PHP_AUTH_PW', '');


    // Authority: Host
    if ($env->has('HTTP_HOST')) {
        $host = $env->get('HTTP_HOST');
    } else {
        $host = $env->get('SERVER_NAME');
    }

    // Authority: Port
    $port = (int)$env->get('SERVER_PORT', 80);
    if (preg_match('/^(\[[a-fA-F0-9:.]+\])(:\d+)?\z/', $host, $matches)) {
        $host = $matches[1];

        if ($matches[2]) {
            $port = (int) substr($matches[2], 1);
        }
    } else {
        $pos = strpos($host, ':');
        if ($pos !== false) {
            $port = (int) substr($host, $pos + 1);
            $host = strstr($host, ':', true);
        }
    }

    // Path
    //文件名/腳本名
    $requestScriptName = parse_url($env->get('SCRIPT_NAME'), PHP_URL_PATH);

    //實際上是項目目錄
    $requestScriptDir = dirname($requestScriptName);

    // parse_url() requires a full URL. As we don't extract the domain name or scheme,
    // we use a stand-in.

    //就是uri，主機名後面的字符串
    $requestUri = parse_url('http://example.com' . $env->get('REQUEST_URI'), PHP_URL_PATH);


    $basePath = '';
    $virtualPath = $requestUri;

    if (stripos($requestUri, $requestScriptName) === 0) {
        $basePath = $requestScriptName;
    } elseif ($requestScriptDir !== '/' && stripos($requestUri, $requestScriptDir) === 0) {
        $basePath = $requestScriptDir;
    }

    if ($basePath) {
        //就是最後文件名或接口名
        $virtualPath = ltrim(substr($requestUri, strlen($basePath)), '/');
    }

    // Query string
    $queryString = $env->get('QUERY_STRING', '');

    // Fragment
    $fragment = '';

    // Build Uri
    $uri = new static($scheme, $host, $port, $virtualPath, $queryString, $fragment, $username, $password);
    if ($basePath) {
        $uri = $uri->withBasePath($basePath);
    }

    return $uri;
}

　　

最後會組成一個Uri對象，其中的屬性以下：

object( Slim\Http\Uri)[ 26]
  protected 'scheme'  =>  string  'http'  (length=4)
  protected 'user'  =>  string  ''  (length=0)
  protected 'password'  =>  string  ''  (length=0)
  protected 'host'  =>  string  'localhost'  (length=9)
  protected 'port'  =>  int  80
  protected 'basePath'  =>  string  '/example'  (length=8)
  protected 'path'  =>  string  'forbase'  (length=7)
  protected 'query'  =>  string  ''  (length=0)

  protected 'fragment'  =>  string  ''  (length=0)

 

Request類用到了Headers類：

class Headers extends Collection implements HeadersInterface
/**
 * Create new headers collection with data extracted from
 * the application Environment object
 *
 * @param Environment $environment The Slim application Environment
 *
 * @return self
 */
public static function createFromEnvironment(Environment $environment)
{
    $data = [];
    foreach ($environment as $key => $value) {
        $key = strtoupper($key);
        if (isset(static::$special[$key]) || strpos($key, 'HTTP_') === 0) {
            if ($key !== 'HTTP_CONTENT_LENGTH') {
                $data[$key] =  $value;
            }
        }
    }

    return new static($data);
}
/**
 * Set HTTP header value
 *
 * This method sets a header value. It replaces
 * any values that may already exist for the header name.
 *
 * @param string $key   The case-insensitive header name
 * @param string $value The header value
 */
public function set($key, $value)
{
    if (!is_array($value)) {
        $value = [$value];
    }
    parent::set($this->normalizeKey($key), [
        'value' => $value,
        'originalKey' => $key
    ]);
}

/**
 * Get HTTP header value
 *
 * @param  string  $key     The case-insensitive header name
 * @param  mixed   $default The default value if key does not exist
 *
 * @return string[]
 */
public function get($key, $default = null)
{
    if ($this->has($key)) {
        return parent::get($this->normalizeKey($key))['value'];
    }

    return $default;
}

將與HTTP相關的頭都包含進來，最後經過static建立一個Header對象,同時在Headers複寫Collection的set()和get()方法並實現了HeadersInterface的add()和normalizeKey()方法。

因此結果以下：

object( Slim\Http\Headers)[ 27]
  protected 'data'  => 
    array  (size=9)
      'host'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_HOST'  (length=9)
      'connection'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_CONNECTION'  (length=15)
      'cache-control'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL'  (length=18)
      'accept'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_ACCEPT'  (length=11)
      'upgrade-insecure-requests'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_UPGRADE_INSECURE_REQUESTS'  (length=30)
      'user-agent'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_USER_AGENT'  (length=15)
      'accept-encoding'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'  (length=20)
      'accept-language'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...
          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'  (length=20)
      'cookie'  => 
        array  (size=2)
          'value'  => 
            array  (size=1)
              ...

          'originalKey'  =>  string  'HTTP_COOKIE'  (length=11)

 

Request 類用到了Cookies類

class Cookies implements CookiesInterface
/**
 * Parse HTTP request `Cookie:` header and extract
 * into a PHP associative array.
 *
 * @param  string $header The raw HTTP request `Cookie:` header
 *
 * @return array Associative array of cookie names and values
 *
 * @throws InvalidArgumentException if the cookie data cannot be parsed
 */
public static function parseHeader($header)
{
    if (is_array($header) === true) {
        $header = isset($header[0]) ? $header[0] : '';
    }

    if (is_string($header) === false) {
        throw new InvalidArgumentException('Cannot parse Cookie data. Header value must be a string.');
    }

    $header = rtrim($header, "\r\n");
    $pieces = preg_split('@\s*[;,]\s*@', $header);

    $cookies = [];

    foreach ($pieces as $cookie) {
        $cookie = explode('=', $cookie, 2);

        if (count($cookie) === 2) {
            $key = urldecode($cookie[0]);
            $value = urldecode($cookie[1]);

            if (!isset($cookies[$key])) {
                $cookies[$key] = $value;
            }
        }
    }
    return $cookies;
}

 

打印了下當前請求的Cookie，以下：  

'HTTP_COOKIE'  =>  string  'CNZZDATA5718743=cnzz_eid%3D686564234-1452136358-%26ntime%3D1452136358'  (length=69)

 在其被處理後就變成了這個樣子：

array  (size=1)

  'CNZZDATA5718743'  =>  string  'cnzz_eid=686564234-1452136358-&ntime=1452136358'  (length=47)

 

原始COOKIE和parse後的Cookie。其實能夠看到就是一個 XX=xx的形式。 

解碼中%後面是個16進制的值，經過ASCII碼就能找到字符了。%3D 的十進制是61，61在ASCII碼裏是 ‘=‘。 

 

Request 類還用到了RequestBody，

//建立了一個body stream ,stream 指向php://input,這個php://input能夠讀取原始的POST數據
$body = new RequestBody();

實際上是用來獲取原始POST數據的。

public function __construct(
        $method,
        UriInterface $uri,
        HeadersInterface $headers,
        array $cookies,
        array $serverParams,
        StreamInterface $body,
        array $uploadedFiles = []
    ) {
        $this->originalMethod = $this->filterMethod($method);
        $this->uri = $uri;
        $this->headers = $headers;
        $this->cookies = $cookies;
        $this->serverParams = $serverParams;
        $this->attributes = new Collection();
        $this->body = $body;
        $this->uploadedFiles = $uploadedFiles;

        if (isset($serverParams['SERVER_PROTOCOL'])) {
            $this->protocolVersion = str_replace('HTTP/', '', $serverParams['SERVER_PROTOCOL']);
        }

        if (!$this->headers->has('Host') || $this->uri->getHost() !== '') {
            $this->headers->set('Host', $this->uri->getHost());
        }

        $this->registerMediaTypeParser('application/json', function ($input) {
            return json_decode($input, true);
        });

        $this->registerMediaTypeParser('application/xml', function ($input) {
            $backup = libxml_disable_entity_loader(true);
            $result = simplexml_load_string($input);
            libxml_disable_entity_loader($backup);
            return $result;
        });

        $this->registerMediaTypeParser('text/xml', function ($input) {
            $backup = libxml_disable_entity_loader(true);
            $result = simplexml_load_string($input);
            libxml_disable_entity_loader($backup);
            return $result;
        });

        $this->registerMediaTypeParser('application/x-www-form-urlencoded', function ($input) {
            parse_str($input, $data);
            return $data;
        });
    }

這樣一個request就穩當了，並且含有method、body等數據。