設置更改root密碼、連接MySQL和MySQL經常使用命令

時間 2019-12-05

標籤設置更改 root 密碼連接 mysql 經常使用命令欄目 Linux 简体版

原文原文鏈接

12月5日任務mysql

13.1 設置更改root密碼linux

13.2 鏈接mysqlsql

13.3 mysql經常使用命令數據庫

13.1 設置更改root密碼vim

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot
更改環境變量PATH，增長mysql絕對路徑
mysqladmin -uroot password '123456'
mysql -uroot -p123456
密碼重置
vi /etc/my.cnf//增長skip-grant
重啓mysql服務 /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
mysql -uroot
use mysql;
update user set password=password('aminglinux') where user='root';

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令
[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)bash

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.ui

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.spa

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.rest

mysql> quit
Bye
[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/profile #永久生效須要修改配置文件，把這個配置放在/etc/profile文檔的最後邊保存。orm

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# source /etc/profile #執行配置文件。

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot password '123456' #設置密碼爲123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'123456' password '1234567' #修改已知密碼爲1234567
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'1234567' #登錄MySQL的root用戶
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf #在不知道原始密碼的狀況下修改密碼，須要先修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf ，添加如下內容忽略受權。

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart #修改配置文件後重啓服務。
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot #這時候登錄就不要輸入密碼了
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

13.2 鏈接mysql

mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
mysql -uroot -p123456 -S/tmp/mysql.sock
mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 「show databases」

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234567 -h127.0.0.1 -P3306
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234567 -S/tmp/mysql.sock
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234567 -e "show databases"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+

13.3 mysql經常使用命令

查詢庫 show databases;
切換庫 use mysql;
查看庫裏的表 show tables;
查看錶裏的字段 desc tb_name;
查看建表語句 show create table tb_name\G;
查看當前用戶 select user();
查看當前使用的數據庫 select databsase();

[root@zgxlinux-01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234567
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.39 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.06 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |
| User | char(16) | NO | PRI | | |
| Password | char(41) | NO | | | |
| Select_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Insert_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Update_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Delete_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Drop_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Reload_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Shutdown_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Process_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| File_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Grant_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| References_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Index_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_db_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Super_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tmp_table_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Lock_tables_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Execute_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_slave_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Repl_client_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Show_view_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Alter_routine_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_user_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Event_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Trigger_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_tablespace_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| ssl_type | enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') | NO | | | |
| ssl_cipher | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_issuer | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| x509_subject | blob | NO | | NULL | |
| max_questions | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_updates | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| max_user_connections | int(11) unsigned | NO | | 0 | |
| plugin | char(64) | YES | | mysql_native_password | |
| authentication_string | text | YES | | NULL | |
| password_expired | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+-----------------------+-------+
43 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create table user\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: user
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `user` (
`Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`User` char(16) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`Password` char(41) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`Select_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Insert_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Update_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Delete_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Drop_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Reload_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Shutdown_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Process_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`File_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Grant_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`References_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Index_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Alter_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Show_db_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Super_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_tmp_table_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Lock_tables_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Execute_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Repl_slave_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Repl_client_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Show_view_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Alter_routine_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_user_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Event_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Trigger_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Create_tablespace_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`ssl_type` enum('','ANY','X509','SPECIFIED') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`ssl_cipher` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_issuer` blob NOT NULL,
`x509_subject` blob NOT NULL,
`max_questions` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_updates` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`max_user_connections` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`plugin` char(64) COLLATE utf8_bin DEFAULT 'mysql_native_password',
`authentication_string` text COLLATE utf8_bin,
`password_expired` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
PRIMARY KEY (`Host`,`User`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin COMMENT='Users and global privileges'
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql> select user(); +----------------+ | user() | +----------------+ | root@localhost | +----------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

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