xcode環境變量

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 xcode 環境變量欄目 iOS 简体版

原文原文鏈接

通常咱們在xcode裏面配置包含工程目錄下頭文件的時候，都要關聯着相對路徑和絕對路徑，若是隻是本身用這個項目，用絕對路徑的問題不大，可是若是你把工程發給別人，別人就要在改這個絕對路徑，這時候絕對路徑的缺點立馬出現。html

因此在修改User Header Search Paths這個選項的時候使用ios

"$(SRCROOT)/當前工程名字/須要包含頭文件所在文件夾"shell

將上面的雙引號裏面的字符串拷貝以後，你會發現這個「$(SRCROOT)」，會自動變成當前工程因此的目錄。xcode

這樣就能夠了，發給別人，別人也不用在去修改路徑了。bash

xcode4的環境變量，Build Settings參數，workspace及聯編設置架構

1、xcode4中的環境變量app

$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)框架

build成功後的，最終產品路徑－－能夠在Build Settings參數的Per-configuration Build Products Path項裏設置iphone

$(TARGET_NAME)ide

目標工程名稱

$(SRCROOT)

工程文件（好比Nuno.xcodeproj）的路徑

$(CURRENT_PROJECT_VERSION)

當前工程版本號

其餘：

當編譯靜態庫，設備選模擬器(iPhone 5.0 Simulator)，未設置任何Build Settings參數時，默認的基礎路徑：

/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxWorkspace-caepeadwrerdcrftijaolkkagbjf

下面用$()代替上面一長串東東

$(SYMROOT) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products

$(BUILD_ROOT) = $()/Build/Products

這三個變量中的$()不會隨着Build Settings參數的設置而改變

相反，如下能夠經過設置而改變

$(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(TARGET_BUILD_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(SDK_NAME) = iphonesimulator5.0

$(PLATFORM_NAME) = iphonesimulator

$(CONFIGURATION) = Debug

$(TARGET_NAME) = UtilLib

$(EXECUTABLE_NAME) = libUtilLib.a 可執行文件名

${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} 5.0

$(ACTION) = build

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) 當前模擬器路徑

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) 當前設備路徑

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME =

$()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME) = $()/Build/Intermediates/UtilLib.build/Debug-iphonesimulator

自定義變量

${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos 表示：Debug-iphoneos

${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator 表示：Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator

自定義一個設備無關的路徑（用來存放各類架構arm6/arm7/i386輸出的產品）

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = ${SYMROOT}/${CONFIGURATION}-universal

自定義變量表明的值

$(CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR) ＝ $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphoneos

$(CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-iphonesimulator

$(CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR) = $()/Build/Products/Debug-universal

iphoneos5.0下的編譯腳本：

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphoneos5.0" -arch "armv6 armv7" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

iphonesimulator5.0下的編譯腳本：

xcodebuild -project "UtilLib.xcodeproj" -configuration "Debug" -target "UtilLib" -sdk "iphonesimulator5.0" -arch "i386" build RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO $(BUILD_DIR)="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}"

加上下面一句表示輸出到文件：

> "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"

lipo腳本工具：合併iPhone模擬器和真機的靜態類庫，生成通用庫

lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

意思是：把"${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}目錄下的.a文件，和${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}目錄下的.a文件合併，

在${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}目錄下，生成兩個設備都通用的靜態庫,

例如：lipo -create -output xy.a x.a y.a

2、xcode4中build Settings常見參數解析

1.Installation Directory：安裝路徑

靜態庫編譯時，在Build Settings中Installation Directory設置「$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)」

Skip Install設爲YES

Installation Directory默認爲/usr/local/lib

由於Build Location默認時，.a文件會放在很長（好比：/Users/xxx/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData/xxxProgram

dalrvzehhtesxdfqhxixzafvddwe/Build/Products/Debug-iPhoneos）的路徑下，或是咱們target指定的路徑

Skip Install若是是NO,可能會被安裝到默認路徑/usr/local/lib

2.Public Headers Folder Path：對外公開頭文件路徑

設爲「include」（具體的頭文件路徑爲：$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include/xx.h）

在最終文件.a同級目錄下生成一個include目錄

默認：/usr/local/include

Public Headers Folder Path這個路徑就是使用這lib的某工程須要依賴的外部頭文件.導入這路徑後，#include/import "xx.h"才能看到

3.User Header Search Paths：依賴的外部頭文件搜索路徑

設置爲「$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)/include」

和2中路徑對應

4.Per-configuration Build Products Path：最終文件路徑

好比設爲「../app」，就會在工程文件.xcodeproj上一層目錄下的app目錄裏，建立最終文件

默認爲$(BUILD_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

等於$(BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR)

5.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path：臨時中間文件路徑

默認爲：$(PROJECT_TEMP_DIR)/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

6.Code Signing Identity：真機調試的證書選擇

選一個和Bundle identifier相對應的證書

Library Search Paths：庫搜索路徑

Architectures：架構，設爲 armv6 或 armv7

Valid Architectures：應用框架，能夠設爲 armv六、 armv7 或i386

Product Name:工程文件名，默認爲$(TARGET_NAME)

Info.plist File：info文件路徑

Build Variants：默認爲normal

Other Linker Flags：其餘連接標籤

設爲「-ObjC」

當導入的靜態庫使用了類別，須要設爲-ObjC

iOS Deployment Target：ios部署對象

好比能夠選擇設爲，ios3到ios5的一種版本

Prefix Header：預編頭文件（好比：UtilLib/UtilLib-Prefix.pch）

Precompile Prefix Header：設爲「Yes」，表示容許加入預編譯頭

3、workspace（工做區）

做用：管理多個工程（project），多工程聯編

4、workspace多工程聯編設置

1、

1.新建一個靜態庫工程，好比UtilLib，並生成UtilLib.h和UtilLib.m文件

2.選中須要公開的頭文件，

把右側欄的Target Membership中設置爲public

或則，選中工程目錄target的Build Phases標籤的copy headers項，在public中添加要公開的頭文件

3.Architectures設爲：armv6 armv7

4.Valid Architectures設爲：armv6 armv7 i386

5.Build Products Path設爲：$(SRCROOT)/../build

6.Per-configuration Build Products Path設爲：

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

7.Per-configuration Intermediate Build Files Path設爲：

$(SRCROOT)/../build/$(TARGET_NAME).build/$(CONFIGURATION)$(EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME)

8.設置安裝路徑：Installation Directory項

9.設置對外公開的頭文件路徑：Public Headers Folder Path項

10.爲靜態庫添加依賴的shell腳本

選中工程目錄target的Build Phases標籤，點擊由下角的Add Build Phase按鈕

在彈出的菜單裏選擇Add run script項，而後頁面中會多出一個Run Script項

在黑框裏填寫"$SRCROOT/mergeArmSymbols.sh"

創建對此腳本的依賴（編譯靜態庫的後會運行此腳本）

若是編譯時設備選的是iphone simulator：

則此腳本會在對應iphone device的產品目錄Debug-iphoneos中，生成對device有用的.a靜態庫，

相反，若是設備選的是iphone device：

則此腳本會在對應iphone simulator的產品目錄Debug-iphoneos中，生成對simulator有用的.a靜態庫

最後，此腳本調用lipo工具，把本工程生成靜態庫與此腳本生成的靜態庫合併，生成simulator和device都通用的.a文件

11.具體bash shell腳本以下：

[plain] view plaincopy

mergeArmSymbols.sh

# Version 2.0 (updated for Xcode 4, with some fixes)

# Author: Adam Martin - http://twitter.com/redglassesapps

# Based on: original script from Eonil (main changes: Eonil's script WILL NOT WORK in Xcode GUI - it WILL CRASH YOUR COMPUTER)

#

# More info: see this Stack Overflow question: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3520977/build-fat-static-library-device-simulator-using-xcode-and-sdk-4

#################[ Tests: helps workaround any future bugs in Xcode ]########

#

DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT="true"

if [ $DEBUG_THIS_SCRIPT = "true" ]

then

echo "########### TESTS #############"

echo "Use the following variables when debugging this script; note that they may change on recursions"

echo "BUILD_DIR = $BUILD_DIR"

echo "BUILD_ROOT = $BUILD_ROOT"

echo "CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR"

echo "BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR = $BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR"

echo "CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR = $CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR"

echo "TARGET_BUILD_DIR = $TARGET_BUILD_DIR"

echo "SDK_NAME = $SDK_NAME"

echo "PLATFORM_NAME = $PLATFORM_NAME"

echo "CONFIGURATION = $CONFIGURATION"

echo "TARGET_NAME = $TARGET_NAME"

echo "ARCH_TO_BUILD = $ARCH_TO_BUILD"

echo "ACTION = $ACTION"

echo "SYMROOT = $SYMROOT"

echo "EXECUTABLE_NAME = $EXECUTABLE_NAME"

echo "CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR"

echo "CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR = $CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR"

echo "#############Other###########"

echo "BUILD_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $BUILD_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"

echo "PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/CONFIGURATION/EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME = $PROJECT_TEMP_DIR/$CONFIGURATION$EFFECTIVE_PLATFORM_NAME"

fi

#####################[ part 1 ]##################

# First, work out the BASESDK version number

# (incidental: searching for substrings in sh is a nightmare! Sob)

SDK_VERSION=$(echo ${SDK_NAME} | grep -o '.\{3\}$')

# Next, work out if we're in SIM or DEVICE

if [ ${PLATFORM_NAME} = "iphonesimulator" ]

then

OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphoneos${SDK_VERSION}

ARCH_TO_BUILD="armv6 armv7"

else

OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD=iphonesimulator${SDK_VERSION}

ARCH_TO_BUILD="i386"

fi

echo "XCode has selected SDK: ${PLATFORM_NAME} with version: ${SDK_VERSION} (although back-targetting: ${IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET})"

echo "...therefore, OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD = ${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}"

#

#####################[ end of part 1 ]##################

#####################[ part 2 ]##################

#

# IF this is the original invocation, invoke whatever other builds are required

#

# Xcode is already building ONE target... build ONLY the missing platforms/configurations.

if [ "true" == ${ALREADYINVOKED:-false} ]

then

echo "RECURSION: Not the root invocation, don't recurse"

else

# Prevent recursion

export ALREADYINVOKED="true"

echo "RECURSION: I am the root... recursing all missing build targets..."

echo "RECURSION: ...about to invoke: xcodebuild -configuration \"${CONFIGURATION}\" -target \"${TARGET_NAME}\" -sdk \"${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}\" -arch \"${ARCH_TO_BUILD}\" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO"

xcodebuild -project "${TARGET_NAME}.xcodeproj" -configuration "${CONFIGURATION}" -target "${TARGET_NAME}" -sdk "${OTHER_SDK_TO_BUILD}" -arch "${ARCH_TO_BUILD}" ${ACTION} RUN_CLANG_STATIC_ANALYZER=NO BUILD_DIR="${BUILD_DIR}" BUILD_ROOT="${BUILD_ROOT}" > "${BUILD_ROOT}.build_output"

ACTION="build"

# Merge all platform binaries as a fat binary for each configurations.

# Calculate where the (multiple) built files are coming from:

CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphoneos

CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-iphonesimulator

echo "Taking device build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}"

echo "Taking simulator build from: ${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}"

CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR=${SRCROOT}/../build/${CONFIGURATION}-universal

echo "...outputing a universal arm6/arm7/i386 build to: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"

# ... remove the products of previous runs of this script

# NB: this directory is only created by this script - it should be safe to delete

rm -rf "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"

mkdir "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}"

#

echo "lipo: for current configuration (${CONFIGURATION}) creating output file: ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

lipo -create -output "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${CURRENTCONFIG_SIMULATOR_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}"

#######custom########

#copy universal lib to ../libs

libsDir=../libs

includeDir=../include

rm -rf "${libsDir}"

mkdir -p "${libsDir}"

echo "cp -R ${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME} ${libsDir}"

cp -R "${CREATING_UNIVERSAL_DIR}/${EXECUTABLE_NAME}" "${libsDir}"

echo "cp -R ${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include ${includeDir}"

cp -R "${CURRENTCONFIG_DEVICE_DIR}/include" "${includeDir}"

fi

下載右邊的圖片，而後把後綴改成.sh（其實就是上面的腳本，由於博客園只能上傳圖片)