原文首發:https://shuirong.github.io/
博主通過實踐,這裏給出兩種處理用戶上傳圖片的方法,先後端代碼皆有.javascript
1. 前端jQuery,後端Express的Multer中間件html
index.html前端
<!--index.html--> <img id="preview" alt="" /> <form method="post" id='picForm' enctype="multipart/form-data" action='/update'> <input type="file" name="avatar" onchange="deal()"> <button type="submit">提交</button> </form>
fontend.jsjava
function deal(){ let file = new FormData(document.getElementById("picForm")); file.append("CustomField", "This is some extra data"); $.ajax({ url: "/update", type: "POST", data: file, processData: false, /* 告訴jQuery不要去處理髮送的數據*/ contentType: false /* 告訴jQuery不要去設置Content-Type請求頭*/ }); }
backend.jsgit
/*後端代碼:用express初始化項目以後,新建一個路由文件.路由update. update.js */ var express = require('express'); var router = express.Router(); var multer = require('multer'); var upload = multer({ dest: 'uploads/' /*設置上傳的圖片/文件存放的地方爲根目錄下的uploads文件夾*/ }); /*single(fieldName) 中的fieldName必須和HTML中input的屬性name的值同樣*/ router.post("/",upload.single('avatar'),function(req,res,next) { console.log(req.file); /* req.file 是 `logo` 文件的信息*/ console.log(req.body); /* req.body 保存表單文本域數據, 若是存在的話*/ res.send('Upload Done !'); }); module.exports = router;
多圖片上傳github
和單圖上傳並預覽基本一個套路.ajax
<!--index.html, 預覽功能不說了,單圖預覽懂了,多圖就會了--> <form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" action='/update'> <input type="file" name="avatars"> <input type="file" name="avatars"> <input type="file" name="avatars"> <button type="submit">提交</button> </form>
/*其餘地方和上面的同樣. update.js*/ router.post("/",upload.array('avatars',3),function(req,res,next) { console.log(req.files); /* req.files 是 `avatars` 文件數組的信息*/ console.log(req.body); /* req.body 保存表單文本域數據, 若是存在的話*/ res.send('Upload Done !'); });
2. 先後端皆原生JSexpress
前端把圖片轉換成base64格式,後端再轉成二進制數據(存成圖片)json
index.html後端
<input type='file' ref='files' onchange='inputChange' id='uploadImg'>
fontend.js
inputChange(e) { const files = e.target.files[0]; const reader = new FileReader(); reader.onload = (ee) => { const data = { base64: ee.target.result, }; post(this.uploadUrl, data).then((res) => { // 根據返回數據作些處理. }).catch((err) => { console.info('Error', err); }); }; reader.readAsDataURL(files); } /* 這裏把xhr的post給封裝了 */ post(url, data) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); xhr.onreadystatechange = () => { if (xhr.readyState === 4) { if (xhr.status >= 200 && (xhr.status < 300 || xhr.status === 304)) { resolve(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText)); } else { reject(`XHR unsuccessful:${xhr.status}`); } } }; xhr.open('post', url, true); xhr.setRequestHeader('content-type', 'application/json'); xhr.send(JSON.stringify(data)); }); }
backend.js
const express = require('express'); const router = express.Router(); const fs = require('fs'); router.route('/') .post(upload.single('image'), (req, res) => { let base64 = req.body.base64; //去掉base64數據最前面的"圖片類型"字符串 let type = base64.match(/^data:image\/(.+);/)[1]; base64 = base64.replace(/^data:image\/\w+;base64,/, ""); // 解碼base64成二進制數據. let data = new Buffer(base64, 'base64'); const name = `uploads/images/${String(new Date()).replace(/[ :]/g,'').match(/.{6}(.{12})/)[1]}.${type}`; fs.open(name, "a", 0644, function(e, fd) { if (e) throw e; fs.write(fd, data, function(e) { if (e) throw e; fs.closeSync(fd); res.json({ 'path': name.replace('uploads', ''), }); }); }); }); module.exports = router;
PS: 關於美化文件上傳按鈕,一個思路就是設置input的opacity爲0,而後在外面包裹一個div.
PPS: CSS的奇技淫巧仍是不少的.