MySQL 8.0.11安裝配置

官網地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

我這裏是RHEL6.5的系統，所以選擇RedHat 6 x86,64bit操做系統---下載第一個RPM Bundle便可--mysql-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar。

目前MySQL8.0.11社區版提供了多種多樣的安裝方式，你也能夠經過下載Linux Generic安裝包mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz來安裝，這種安裝方式無需考慮包兼容性，本文只描述rpm安裝方式。

wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

若是上述連接失效，通常是由於官網已經更新了新版本，找到最新版本的版本號修改下載便可。

1、mysql-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar解壓後有以下7個文件：

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  28987588 Apr  9 01:06 mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    672184 Apr  9 01:06 mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   4443296 Apr  9 01:06 mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   2579460 Apr  9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1902676 Apr  9 01:06 mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 395918848 Apr  9 01:07 mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  49092596 Apr  9 01:07 mysql-community-test-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

而後建立mysql用戶：

useradd mysql
passwd mysql

2、安裝順序爲：（強烈建議裝以前先把以前的或自帶的mysql相關包所有卸載，rpm -e --nodeps <包名>便可）

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-libs-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-client-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-server-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
mysql-community-devel-8.0.11-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

3、安裝完畢後相關信息以下：

[root@python ~]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.11 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@python ~]# ll /etc/init.d/mysqld 
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7166 Apr  8 16:21 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@python ~]# ll /etc/my.cnf --配置文件位置
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1188 Apr  8 16:21 /etc/my.cnf

默認的datadir是在/var/lib/mysql/，能夠經過修改my.cnf修改，啓動命令以下：

[root@python ~]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database:                               [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

4、使用默認密碼登陸MySQL

在安裝完後，/var/log/mysqld.log裏應該含有臨時的root密碼，能夠直接登陸，你能夠將此root密碼更改成本身更熟悉的密碼。

mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

這裏存在密碼複雜度要求（在Windows平臺使用msi安裝mysql時，則有自主選擇密碼認證方式的步驟，能夠比較方便的進行設置。）：

mysql> show variables like '%pass%';
+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name                                | Value           |
+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+
| caching_sha2_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys | ON              |
| caching_sha2_password_private_key_path       | private_key.pem |
| caching_sha2_password_public_key_path        | public_key.pem  |
| default_password_lifetime                    | 0               |
| disconnect_on_expired_password               | ON              |
| mysql_native_password_proxy_users            | OFF             |
| password_history                             | 0               |
| password_reuse_interval                      | 0               |
| report_password                              |                 |
| sha256_password_auto_generate_rsa_keys       | ON              |
| sha256_password_private_key_path             | private_key.pem |
| sha256_password_proxy_users                  | OFF             |
| sha256_password_public_key_path              | public_key.pem  |
| validate_password.check_user_name            | ON              |
| validate_password.dictionary_file            |                 |
| validate_password.length                     | 8               |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count           | 1               |
| validate_password.number_count               | 1               |
| validate_password.policy                     | MEDIUM          |
| validate_password.special_char_count         | 1               |
+----------------------------------------------+-----------------+

查看官網https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/validate-password-options-variables.html#sysvar_validate_password.policy

發現此值有3個，以下所示：

因而設置爲0，而後將validate_password.length設置爲4，表示最少須要4字符。之因此設置爲4是由於這個參數的值不能小於以下公式的計算結果：

validate_password.number_count
+ validate_password.special_char_count
+ (2 * validate_password.mixed_case_count)

5、建一個測試用戶leo，嘗試遠程鏈接下吧：

$ mysql -uleo -pmysql -h192.168.1.193
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 2059 (HY000): Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: /usr/lib/mysql/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

我這5.7的mysql工具都連不上，這就尷尬了，查看認證相關參數：

mysql> show variables like '%auth%';
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name                 | Value                 |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
| default_authentication_plugin | caching_sha2_password |
+-------------------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

查看官網發現此值的取值以下：

官網還說此值影響create user不顯式指定auth plugin時密碼的默認加密算法，這意味着低版本的mysql工具基本連不上8.0，簡單起見咱們直接使用之前的加密算法。

mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user             | host      | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| leo              | %         | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | mysql_native_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost | mysql_native_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | mysql_native_password |
| root             | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+

在my.cnf裏添加：default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password，而後service mysqld restart重啓服務，如下只演示leo用戶的建立：

mysql> drop user leo;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user leo identified by 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> grant all on *.* to leo;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

$mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.20, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper
$ mysql -uleo -pmysql -h192.168.1.193
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL

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mysql> 

至此遠程鏈接正常。