linux下安裝mysql

1.首先在linux系統下載mysql5.7的安裝包

$ cd /home/
$ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

2.創建一個用戶組

$ sudo groupadd mysql

3.新建一個mysql用戶加入該組

$ sudo useradd -r -g  mysql mysql

4.在home目錄下解壓mysql安裝包

$tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

5.將解壓以後的文件更名爲mysql 放到 /opt下邊

$ mv mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /opt/mysql

6.進入到/opt/mysql目錄下更改權限

$ chown -R  mysql:mysql ./

7.安裝輔助的庫文件，固然不是必須的看你係統中是否是有

$ sudo apt-get intall libaio1

7.在/etc目錄下建立文件my.cnf，而且填寫設置內容

$ cd /etc
$ touch my.cnf
$ vi my.cnf

[mysqld]
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql
port = 3306
socket = /opt/mysql/mysqld/mysql.sock
pid-file = /opt/mysql/mysqld/mysql.pid
character-set-server=utf8
back_log = 300
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 50
table_open_cache = 4096
max_allowed_packet = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 128M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
join_buffer_size = 16M
thread_cache_size = 16
query_cache_size = 128M
query_cache_limit = 4M
ft_min_word_len = 8
thread_stack = 512K
transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size = 128M
long_query_time = 6
server_id=1
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1G
innodb_thread_concurrency = 16
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 512M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
innodb_file_per_table = on
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 32M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
safe-updates
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 16M
sort_buffer_size = 16M
read_buffer = 8M
write_buffer = 8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit = 8192
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /opt/mysql/mysqld/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8

九、建立文件夾/data/mysql，/opt/mysql/mysqld

$ mkdir -p /data/mysql
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
$ chmod -R 755 /data/mysql
$ mkdir -p /opt/mysql/mysqld
$ chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/mysqld
$ chmod -R 755 /opt/mysql/mysqld

十、到解壓的mysql目錄中找到bin ，在bin中有 mysqld 可執行文件。執行

$ ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize

generated for root@localhost: dsuIequSe5>E

由上面信息可得：dsuIequSe5>E （爲root用戶的臨時登陸密碼）

11.配置系統環境變量

$vim /etc/profile

MYSQL_HOME=/opt/mysql/bin
PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
export MYSQL_HOME

12.鏈接數據庫

$mysql -u root -p

密碼：步驟10中生成的零時密碼
    mysql> set password=password('你的新密碼');

13.window下的navicat鏈接linux的mysql

```

可能會出現ERROR 1130 (HY000): Host ‘xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx’ is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
解決辦法：
改mysql的user表，具體方法以下：
一、先用use mysql;進入名字爲mysql的數據庫；
二、mysql>update user set host='%' where host='localhost' and user='root';
三、mysql>flush privileges;
四、使用查詢語句查看是否修改過來：mysql>select host,user from user;

五、出現%就能夠連上了
```