轉:html
https://blog.csdn.net/sanchan/article/details/70753645java
java8的optional的使用:web
http://www.jdon.com/idea/java/using-optional-effectively-in-java-8.htmlapp
http://www.runoob.com/java/java8-optional-class.htmlide
Optional 類是一個能夠爲null的容器對象。若是值存在則isPresent()方法會返回true,調用get()方法會返回該對象。this
Optional 是個容器:它能夠保存類型T的值,或者僅僅保存null。Optional提供不少有用的方法,這樣咱們就不用顯式進行空值檢測。idea
Optional 類的引入很好的解決空指針異常。spa
如下是一個 java.util.Optional<T> 類的聲明:.net
在Java 8中stream().map(),您能夠將對象轉換爲其餘對象。查看如下示例: 1.大寫字符串列表 1.1簡單的Java示例將Strings列表轉換爲大寫。 TestJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class TestJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> alpha = Arrays.asList("a", "b", "c", "d"); //Before Java8 List<String> alphaUpper = new ArrayList<>(); for (String s : alpha) { alphaUpper.add(s.toUpperCase()); } System.out.println(alpha); //[a, b, c, d] System.out.println(alphaUpper); //[A, B, C, D] // Java 8 List<String> collect = alpha.stream().map(String::toUpperCase).collect(Collectors.toList()); System.out.println(collect); //[A, B, C, D] // Extra, streams apply to any data type. List<Integer> num = Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4,5); List<Integer> collect1 = num.stream().map(n -> n * 2).collect(Collectors.toList()); System.out.println(collect1); //[2, 4, 6, 8, 10] } } 2.對象列表 - >字符串列表 2.1 name從staff對象列表中獲取全部值。 Staff.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class Staff { private String name; private int age; private BigDecimal salary; //... } TestJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class TestJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<Staff> staff = Arrays.asList( new Staff("mkyong", 30, new BigDecimal(10000)), new Staff("jack", 27, new BigDecimal(20000)), new Staff("lawrence", 33, new BigDecimal(30000)) ); //Before Java 8 List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(); for (Staff x : staff) { result.add(x.getName()); } System.out.println(result); //[mkyong, jack, lawrence] //Java 8 List<String> collect = staff.stream().map(x -> x.getName()).collect(Collectors.toList()); System.out.println(collect); //[mkyong, jack, lawrence] } } 對象列表 - >其餘對象列表 3.1此示例說明如何將staff對象列表轉換爲對象列表StaffPublic。 Staff.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.math.BigDecimal; public class Staff { private String name; private int age; private BigDecimal salary; //... } StaffPublic.java package com.mkyong.java8; public class StaffPublic { private String name; private int age; private String extra; //... } 3.2 Java 8以前。 BeforeJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class BeforeJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<Staff> staff = Arrays.asList( new Staff("mkyong", 30, new BigDecimal(10000)), new Staff("jack", 27, new BigDecimal(20000)), new Staff("lawrence", 33, new BigDecimal(30000)) ); List<StaffPublic> result = convertToStaffPublic(staff); System.out.println(result); } private static List<StaffPublic> convertToStaffPublic(List<Staff> staff) { List<StaffPublic> result = new ArrayList<>(); for (Staff temp : staff) { StaffPublic obj = new StaffPublic(); obj.setName(temp.getName()); obj.setAge(temp.getAge()); if ("mkyong".equals(temp.getName())) { obj.setExtra("this field is for mkyong only!"); } result.add(obj); } return result; } } 輸出 [ StaffPublic{name='mkyong', age=30, extra='this field is for mkyong only!'}, StaffPublic{name='jack', age=27, extra='null'}, StaffPublic{name='lawrence', age=33, extra='null'} ] 1 2 3 4 5 3.3 Java 8的例子。 NowJava8.java package com.mkyong.java8; package com.hostingcompass.web.java8; import java.math.BigDecimal; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; import java.util.stream.Collectors; public class NowJava8 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<Staff> staff = Arrays.asList( new Staff("mkyong", 30, new BigDecimal(10000)), new Staff("jack", 27, new BigDecimal(20000)), new Staff("lawrence", 33, new BigDecimal(30000)) ); // convert inside the map() method directly. List<StaffPublic> result = staff.stream().map(temp -> { StaffPublic obj = new StaffPublic(); obj.setName(temp.getName()); obj.setAge(temp.getAge()); if ("mkyong".equals(temp.getName())) { obj.setExtra("this field is for mkyong only!"); } return obj; }).collect(Collectors.toList()); System.out.println(result); } } [ StaffPublic{name='mkyong', age=30, extra='this field is for mkyong only!'}, StaffPublic{name='jack', age=27, extra='null'}, StaffPublic{name='lawrence', age=33, extra='null'} ]