多線程下載文件

時間 2019-11-12

標籤多線程下載文件欄目 Java 简体版

原文原文鏈接

有個朋友須要個多線程如今的例子，就幫忙實現了，在此分享下~java

先說下原理，原理明白了，其實很簡單：服務器

a、對於網絡上的一個資源，首先發送一個請求，從返回的Content-Length中回去須要下載文件的大小，而後根據文件大小建立一個文件。網絡

[java] view plain copy多線程

this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根據響應獲取文件大小
File dir = new File(dirStr);
this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");
raf.setLength(fileSize);
raf.close();

b、根據線程數和文件大小，爲每一個線程分配下載的字節區間，而後每一個線程向服務器發送請求，獲取這段字節區間的文件內容。app

[java] view plain copydom

conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"
+ endPos);// 設置獲取實體數據的範圍

c、利用RandomAccessFile的seek方法，多線程同時往一個文件中寫入字節。ide

[java] view plain copy測試

raf.seek(startPos);
while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
{
raf.write(buf, 0, len);
}

分析完了原理就很簡單了，我封裝了一個類，利用這個類的實例進行下載，所需參數：下載資源的URI，本地文件路徑，線程的數量。this

[java] view plain copyurl

package com.zhy.mutilthread_download;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class MultipartThreadDownloador
{
/**
* 須要下載資源的地址
*/
private String urlStr;
/**
* 下載的文件
*/
private File localFile;
/**
* 須要下載文件的存放的本地文件夾路徑
*/
private String dirStr;
/**
* 存儲到本地的文件名
*/
private String filename;
/**
* 開啓的線程數量
*/
private int threadCount;
/**
* 下載文件的大小
*/
private long fileSize;
public MultipartThreadDownloador(String urlStr, String dirStr,
String filename, int threadCount)
{
this.urlStr = urlStr;
this.dirStr = dirStr;
this.filename = filename;
this.threadCount = threadCount;
}
public void download() throws IOException
{
createFileByUrl();
/**
* 計算每一個線程須要下載的數據長度
*/
long block = fileSize % threadCount == 0 ? fileSize / threadCount
: fileSize / threadCount + 1;
for (int i = 0; i < threadCount; i++)
{
long start = i * block;
long end = start + block >= fileSize ? fileSize : start + block - 1;
new DownloadThread(new URL(urlStr), localFile, start, end).start();
}
}
/**
* 根據資源的URL獲取資源的大小，以及在本地建立文件
*/
public void createFileByUrl() throws IOException
{
URL url = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Accept",
"image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", urlStr);
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"User-Agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.connect();
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200)
{
this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();// 根據響應獲取文件大小
if (fileSize <= 0)
throw new RuntimeException(
"the file that you download has a wrong size ... ");
File dir = new File(dirStr);
if (!dir.exists())
dir.mkdirs();
this.localFile = new File(dir, filename);
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(this.localFile, "rw");
raf.setLength(fileSize);
raf.close();
System.out.println("須要下載的文件大小爲 :" + this.fileSize + " , 存儲位置爲： "
+ dirStr + "/" + filename);
} else
{
throw new RuntimeException("url that you conneted has error ...");
}
}
private class DownloadThread extends Thread
{
/**
* 下載文件的URI
*/
private URL url;
/**
* 存的本地路徑
*/
private File localFile;
/**
* 是否結束
*/
private boolean isFinish;
/**
* 開始的位置
*/
private Long startPos;
/**
* 結束位置
*/
private Long endPos;
public DownloadThread(URL url, File savefile, Long startPos, Long endPos)
{
this.url = url;
this.localFile = savefile;
this.startPos = startPos;
this.endPos = endPos;
}
@Override
public void run()
{
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "開始下載...");
try
{
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url
.openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(15 * 1000);
conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
conn.setRequestProperty(
"Accept",
"image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*");
conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN");
conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", url.toString());
conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"
+ endPos);// 設置獲取實體數據的範圍
conn.setRequestProperty(
"User-Agent",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)");
conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
conn.connect();
/**
* 表明服務器已經成功處理了部分GET請求
*/
if (conn.getResponseCode() == 206)
{
InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
int len = 0;
byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(localFile,
"rwd");
raf.seek(startPos);
while ((len = is.read(buf)) != -1)
{
raf.write(buf, 0, len);
}
raf.close();
is.close();
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
+ "完成下載： " + startPos + " -- " + endPos);
this.isFinish = true;
} else
{
throw new RuntimeException(
"url that you conneted has error ...");
}
} catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}