今天咱們來聊如何利用快遞鳥提供的接口來查詢郵政快遞的物流軌跡。html
講解以前咱們來看一下,接口完成之後的實際顯示效果json
如下是產品應用截圖,調用快遞鳥接口得到的軌跡信息:api
實際上快遞鳥返回的報文信息會更詳細,在給客戶展現的信息可根據產品須要來封裝返回軌跡信息。app
如今咱們來聊一聊具體實現!ide
首先咱們準備好須要用到的資源,post
測試商戶ID:測試
test1617571ui
測試API key:編碼
554343b2-7252-439b-b4eb-1af42c8f2175(此Key僅限測試環境使用)加密
API測試地址:
http://sandboxapi.kdniao.com:8080/kdniaosandbox/gateway/exterfaceInvoke.json
我以C#開發爲例來說解
若是尚未註冊快遞鳥,或者還不知道如何獲取API Key,能夠訪問這個騰訊視頻教程:
https://v.qq.com/x/page/z3068yfw0fl.html(註冊登錄獲取快遞鳥API Key)
接下來,咱們講解一下請求參數
請求系統級參數說明:
備註:R-必填(Required),O-可選(Optional),C-報文中該參數在必定條件下可選(Conditional)
這裏提到了系統級參數,也至關因而公用參數,這些參數是調用每一個接口都是必需要傳參的。
接口參數:
接口參數,也叫業務參數,請求的業務接口不一樣,參數的字段,內容也不一樣,是跟着業務變化的,這裏咱們實現的是即時查詢接口,請求指令類型:1002,快遞鳥官網要求必須傳遞快遞公司編碼和物流單號 ,郵政快遞的編碼是YZPY
如要查看其餘快遞公司的編碼,點擊此連接:
http://www.kdniao.com/documents
正如我前面的軌跡截圖,郵政快遞的編碼是YZPY,物流單號是9861545869525
業務參數報文組合以下:
{'OrderCode':'','ShipperCode':'YZPY','LogisticCode':'9861545869525'}
請求的完整報文(URL編碼之後):
RequestData=%0d%0a++++++++++++%7b%27OrderCode%27%3a%27%27%2c%27ShipperCode%27%3a%27YZPY%27%2c%27LogisticCode%27%3a%279861545869525%27%7d%0d%0a++++++++&EBusinessID=1264783&RequestType=1002&DataSign=MjQ2YWZiMTU1Mzc5YmFiMTFkMWYyYjI3YTliMjRkYmU%3d&DataType=2
未編碼的請求報文:
RequestData={'OrderCode':'','ShipperCode':'YZPY','LogisticCode':'9861545869525'}
&EBusinessID=1264783&RequestType=1002&DataSign=MjQ2YWZiMTU1Mzc5YmFiMTFkMWYyYjI3YTliMjRkYmU=&DataType=2
返回的報文信息:
{ "LogisticCode": "9861545869525", "ShipperCode": "YZPY", "Traces": [ { "AcceptStation": "【郵政仙居包快部】已收件,攬投員:周峯,電話:18358689325", "AcceptTime": "2020-02-19 16:10:29" }, { "AcceptStation": "離開【郵政仙居包快部】,下一站【仙居中心】", "AcceptTime": "2020-02-19 16:10:33" }, { "AcceptStation": "到達【浙江仙居縣處理中心】", "AcceptTime": "2020-02-19 16:10:34" }, { "AcceptStation": "離開【浙江仙居縣處理中心】,下一站【台州中心局郵件處理中心】", "AcceptTime": "2020-02-21 11:13:33" } ], "State": "2", "EBusinessID": "1264783", "Success": true }
`C#關鍵代碼:
/// <summary>
/// 即時查詢物流軌跡
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">http://sandboxapi.kdniao.com:8080/kdniaosandbox/gateway/exterfaceInvoke.json</param>
/// <param name="eBusinessID">test1617571</param>
/// <param name="appKey">554343b2-7252-439b-b4eb-1af42c8f2175</param>
/// <param name="requestData">{'OrderCode':'','ShipperCode':'ZTO','LogisticCode':'78120038107849'}</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string getOrderTracesByJson(string url,string eBusinessID, string appKey, string requestData)
{
Dictionary<string, string> param = new Dictionary<string, string>();
param.Add("RequestData", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(requestData, Encoding.UTF8));
param.Add("EBusinessID", eBusinessID);
param.Add("RequestType", "1002");
string dataSign = encrypt(requestData, appKey, "UTF-8");
param.Add("DataSign", HttpUtility.UrlEncode(dataSign, Encoding.UTF8));
param.Add("DataType", "2");
string result = sendPost(url, param);
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// Post方式提交數據,返回網頁的源代碼
/// </summary>
/// <param name="url">發送請求的 URL</param>
/// <param name="param">請求的參數集合</param>
/// <returns>遠程資源的響應結果</returns>
private string sendPost(string url, Dictionary<string, string> param)
{
string result = "";
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
if (param != null && param.Count > 0)
{
foreach (var p in param)
{
if (postData.Length > 0)
{
postData.Append("&");
}
postData.Append(p.Key);
postData.Append("=");
postData.Append(p.Value);
}
}
// return postData.ToString();
byte[] byteData = Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8").GetBytes(postData.ToString());
try
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
request.Referer = url;
request.Accept = "*/*";
request.Timeout = 30 * 1000;
request.UserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)";
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentLength = byteData.Length;
Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream();
stream.Write(byteData, 0, byteData.Length);
stream.Flush();
stream.Close();
HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
Stream backStream = response.GetResponseStream();
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(backStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"));
result = sr.ReadToEnd();
sr.Close();
backStream.Close();
response.Close();
request.Abort();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
result = ex.Message;
}
return result;
}
///<summary>
///電商Sign簽名
///</summary>
///<param name="content">內容</param>
///<param name="keyValue">Appkey</param>
///<param name="charset">URL編碼 </param>
///<returns>DataSign簽名</returns>
private string encrypt(String content, String keyValue, String charset)
{
if (keyValue != null)
{
return base64(MD5(content + keyValue, charset), charset);
}
return base64(MD5(content, charset), charset);
}
///<summary>
/// 字符串MD5加密
///</summary>
///<param name="str">要加密的字符串</param>
///<param name="charset">編碼方式</param>
///<returns>密文</returns>
private string MD5(string str, string charset)
{
byte[] buffer = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(str);
try
{
System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider check;
check = new System.Security.Cryptography.MD5CryptoServiceProvider();
byte[] somme = check.ComputeHash(buffer);
string ret = "";
foreach (byte a in somme)
{
if (a < 16)
ret += "0" + a.ToString("X");
else
ret += a.ToString("X");
}
return ret.ToLower();
}
catch
{
throw;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// base64編碼
/// </summary>
/// <param name="str">內容</param>
/// <param name="charset">編碼方式</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private string base64(String str, String charset)
{
return Convert.ToBase64String(System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(str));
}
附上詳細的接口文檔給你們: