explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

轉載於:http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-orfwkmfp-k.html
mysql explicit_defaults_for_timestamp 變量的做用
mysql 中有這樣的一個默認行爲,若是一行數據中某些列被更新了,若是這一行中有timestamp類型的列,那麼麼這個timestamp列的數據html

也會被自動更新到 更新操做所發生的那個時間點;這個操做是由explicit_defaults_for_timestamp這個變動控制的mysql

1、體驗一下mysql的默認更新行爲:sql

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mysql> create table t(x int ,y timestamp); -- 建立一個帶有timestamp列的表
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)session

mysql> insert into t(x) values(1); -- 只插x列
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)ide

mysql> select * from t; -- timestamp列會自動更新
+------+---------------------+
| x | y |
+------+---------------------+
| 1 | 2017-06-07 13:48:56 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)code

mysql> update t set x=2 where x=1; -- update 時timestamp列仍是會自動更新
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0htm

mysql> select * from t;
+------+---------------------+
| x | y |
+------+---------------------+
| 2 | 2017-06-07 13:49:21 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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2、如何關閉這一默認行爲:ci

  聰明的你一想到了,只要把explicit_defaults_for_timestamp這個變動設置爲on;對於timestamp列的值都要顯示指定,那麼這一默認行爲就get

  算是關閉了。來操做一把!

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mysql> set @@global.explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=on; -- 把全局的設置爲on 那麼新的鏈接就會被設置成on
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set @@session.explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=on; -- 把當前鏈接explicit_defaults_for_timestamp設置爲on
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> update t set x=3 ; -- 第一次更新 結果是變了
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+------+---------------------+
| x | y |
+------+---------------------+
| 3 | 2017-06-07 13:57:21 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update t set x=4 ; -- 第二次更新 結果仍是變了
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+------+---------------------+
| x | y |
+------+---------------------+
| 4 | 2017-06-07 13:57:52 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like 'explicit_defaults_for_timestamp'; -- 全局發動生效
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| explicit_defaults_for_timestamp | ON |
+---------------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like 'explicit_defaults_for_timestamp'; -- session 級別改動也升效了
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| explicit_defaults_for_timestamp | ON |
+---------------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

-- 發現了吧、就算把explicit_defaults_for_timestamp 設置成了on 也不會有效的
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3、找問題出在了哪裏:

  一、explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=off 時表結構

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CREATE TABLE t (
x int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
y timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- y timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE
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  二、explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=on 時表結構

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CREATE TABLE t6 (
x int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
y timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- y timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL
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4、結論:

  explicit_defaults_for_timestamp 變量會直接影響表結構,也就是說explicit_defaults_for_timestamp的做用時間

  是在表定義的時候;你的update | insert 想經過它去改變行爲已經太晚了!

5、如何解決這失控的場面:

  一、改表結構

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mysql> alter table t modify column y timestamp null default null; -- 解決辦法改表結構
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> update t set x=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;
+------+---------------------+
| x | y |
+------+---------------------+
| 1 | 2017-06-07 13:59:21 |
+------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update t set x=2; -- 再次對比,發現時間沒有變哦!
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from t;+------+---------------------+| x | y |+------+---------------------+| 2 | 2017-06-07 13:59:21 |+------+---------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)複製代碼

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