IdnentiyServer-使用客戶端憑據訪問API

情景以下：一個客戶端要訪問一個api，不須要用戶登陸，可是又不想直接暴露api給外部使用，這時能夠使用identityserver添加訪問權限。

客戶端經過clientid和secrect訪問identitserver的Token Endpoint,獲取accesstoken；

接着客戶端再使用accesstoken做爲頭部驗證訪問webapi。（webapi已經添加了identityserver的相關驗證）。

 

代碼實現：其中 "http://localhost:5000"是identityserver地址，"http://localhost:5001"是api地址

identityserver：在identityserver添加api和客戶端，以下所示：定義了一個api1資源，client客戶端。client客戶端指定爲ClientCredentials（客戶端憑據）模式，並容許其訪問api1。

 public class Config
    {
        // scopes define the API resources in your system
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApiResources()
        {
            return new List<ApiResource>
            {
                new ApiResource("api1", "My API")
            };
        }

        // clients want to access resources (aka scopes)
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            // client credentials client
            return new List<Client>
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientId = "client",
                    AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.ClientCredentials,

                    ClientSecrets = 
                    {
                        new Secret("secret".Sha256())
                    },
                    AllowedScopes = { "api1" }
                }
            };
        }
    }

 

在startup配置identityserver以下：

public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            // configure identity server with in-memory stores, keys, clients and scopes
            services.AddIdentityServer()
                .AddDeveloperSigningCredential()
                .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApiResources())
                .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients());
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseIdentityServer();
        }
    }

 

WebApi:在api添加identityserver的驗證，代碼以下，其中定義了一樣的api名稱，"http://localhost:5000"是identityserver的地址。

 public class Startup
    {
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvcCore()
                .AddAuthorization()
                .AddJsonFormatters();

            services.AddAuthentication("Bearer")
                .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
                {
                    options.Authority = "http://localhost:5000";
                    options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;

                    options.ApiName = "api1";
                });
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            app.UseAuthentication();

            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }

 添加一個須要驗證的控制器：

 [Route("[controller]")]
    [Authorize]
    public class IdentityController : ControllerBase
    {
        [HttpGet]
        public IActionResult Get()
        {
            return new JsonResult(from c in User.Claims select new { c.Type, c.Value });
        }
    }

 

客戶端：

這裏使用裏IdentityModel類庫

實際請求以下：

1.獲取accesstoken：http://localhost:5000/connect/token?client_id=client&client_secret=secret&grant_type=client_credentials&scope=api1

2.請求api1

http://localhost:5001/identity
Headers
Authorization:accesstoken

 

public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args) => MainAsync().GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        
        private static async Task MainAsync()
        {
             //獲取identitserver的各個端點地址

            var disco = await DiscoveryClient.GetAsync("http://localhost:5000");
            if (disco.IsError)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(disco.Error);
                return;
            }

            //獲取具備api1訪問權限的accesstoken

            var tokenClient = new TokenClient(disco.TokenEndpoint, "client", "secret");
            var tokenResponse = await tokenClient.RequestClientCredentialsAsync("api1");

            if (tokenResponse.IsError)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(tokenResponse.Error);
                return;
            }

            Console.WriteLine(tokenResponse.Json);
            Console.WriteLine("\n\n");

            //設置accesstoken爲http請求頭，並訪問api1

            var client = new HttpClient();
            client.SetBearerToken(tokenResponse.AccessToken);

            var response = await client.GetAsync("http://localhost:5001/identity");
            if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(response.StatusCode);
            }
            else
            {
                var content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
                Console.WriteLine(JArray.Parse(content));
            }
        }
    }

 

ps:

1.這裏默認的accesstoken爲jwt格式，客戶端訪問api時，api只須要在啓動的時候訪問identity獲取祕鑰便可。若爲referencetoken,客戶端訪問api時，api須要受權訪問的都會再請求一次identityserver,,並且api必須設置祕鑰,client設置AccessTokenType屬性爲Reference。

2.可自定義AccessTokenLifetime（token存活時間），默認是3600秒，即一小時