zabbix自帶的「Template OS Linux」模板支持監控已掛載的磁盤空間利用率,是利用LLD(Low-level discovery)實現的,卻沒有對磁盤IO監控。本篇文章就介紹利用zabbix LLD功能監控磁盤IO的方法。 linux
思路:首先建立Discovery rules,在agent端配置對應的UserParameter,調用編寫好的shell腳本,動態查找出已經掛載的磁盤分區;而後建立Item prototypes,使用vfs.dev.read[device,<type>,<mode>]和vfs.dev.write[device,<type>,<mode>]來監控磁盤分區的IO,包括磁盤讀寫速率、每秒讀寫扇區數、每秒讀寫操做數;而後建立Graph prototypes,生成磁盤IO圖表。 shell
效果圖: json
磁盤讀寫速率: bash
磁盤每秒讀寫扇區數: 測試
磁盤每秒讀寫操做數: ui
下面給出具體監控步驟: this
1、編寫腳本查找已掛載的磁盤分區 spa
1)在zabbix客戶端建立查找磁盤分區的腳本mount_disk_discovery.sh,放到/etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts目錄下,內容以下: prototype
|
#!/bin/bash #Function: low-level discovery mounted disk #Script_name: mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery() { local regexp="\b(btrfs|ext2|ext3|ext4|jfs|reiser|xfs|ffs|ufs|jfs|jfs2|vxfs|hfs|ntfs|fat32|zfs)\b" local tmpfile="/tmp/mounts.tmp" :> "$tmpfile" # 過濾全部已掛載的文件系統 egrep "$regexp" /proc/mounts > "$tmpfile" local num=$(cat "$tmpfile" | wc -l) printf '{\n' printf '\t"data":[ ' while read line;do # 磁盤分區名稱 DEV_NAME=$(echo $line | awk '{print $1}') # 文件系統名稱,即磁盤分區的掛載點 FS_NAME=$(echo $line | awk '{print $2}') # blockdev命令獲取扇區大小,用於計算磁盤讀寫速率 SEC_SIZE=$(sudo /sbin/blockdev --getss $DEV_NAME 2>/dev/null) printf '\n\t\t{' printf "\"{#DEV_NAME}\":\"${DEV_NAME}\"," printf "\"{#FS_NAME}\":\"${FS_NAME}\"," printf "\"{#SEC_SIZE}\":\"${SEC_SIZE}\"}" ((num--)) [ "$num" == 0 ] && break printf "," done < "$tmpfile" printf '\n\t]\n' printf '}\n' } case "$1" in mount_disk_discovery) "$1" ;; *) echo "Bad Parameter." echo "Usage: $0 mount_disk_discovery" exit 1 ;; esac |
腳本首先過濾/proc/mounts中的磁盤類型,而後輸出包含磁盤名稱、文件系統名稱和扇區大小的Json數據。 rest
2)設置相關文件權限:
|
touch /tmp/mounts.tmp chown zabbix:zabbix /tmp/mounts.tmp chown -R zabbix:zabbix /etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts chmod 755 /etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh |
3)測試一下:
1 |
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery { "data":[ {"{#DEV_NAME}":"/dev/sda3","{#FS_NAME}":"/","{#SEC_SIZE}":"512"}, {"{#DEV_NAME}":"/dev/sda1","{#FS_NAME}":"/boot","{#SEC_SIZE}":"512"} ] } |
上面的數據表示,磁盤分區/dev/sda3掛載到了根目錄,扇區大小爲512B;/dev/sda1掛載到了/boot目錄,扇區大小爲512B。
2、配置zabbix客戶端
1)編輯zabbix agent配置文件,設置Include目錄:
1 |
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/ |
agent啓動時會自動加載Include目錄下的配置文件。
2)在/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/目錄下創建disk_lld.conf,內容以下:
1 |
UserParameter=mount_disk_discovery,/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery |
表示:創建用戶自定義參數mount_disk_discovery,當zabbix server向agent請求這個item key時,agent會調用/etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh腳本,返回json數據。
3)因爲zabbix agent的啓動用戶是zabbix,因此要受權zabbix用戶無密碼運行/sbin/blockdev命令。使用visudo命令,在/etc/sudoers裏註釋掉Defaults requiretty:
1 |
#Defaults requiretty |
並在最後面加上:
1 |
zabbix ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/blockdev |
這樣在腳本里執行相似「sudo /sbin/blockdev --getss /dev/sda1」這樣的指令就沒問題了。
4)最後重啓zabbix agent
1 |
/etc/init.d/zabbix-agent restart |
5)測試一下:
咱們從zabbix server上遠程get一下mount_disk_discovery
如上圖DEV_NAME、FS_NAME、SEC_SIZE都有值,說明客戶端配置正確。
3、配置zabbix前臺
1)登陸zabbix前臺,選擇Configuration->Templates->Import,導入「Template Linux DiskIO」模板(見附件)。
2)進入主機配置界面,連接「Template Linux DiskIO」模板
至此,所有配置結束了,耐心等待監控數據的出現吧~
下面介紹下模板裏LLD的配置。
3)模板的Discovery rule介紹
Discovery rule的Key爲mount_disk_discovery,對應zabbix agent配置裏的:
1 |
UserParameter=mount_disk_discovery,/bin/bash /etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery |
每隔一段時間,server會向agent請求mount_disk_discovery,而後agent調用/etc/zabbix/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh腳本,返回json數據給server。
4)模板的Item prototypes介紹
其中Sectors和Operations的監控項都是Zabbix agent類型的。經過閱讀zabbix C源碼,咱們會發現zabbix agent是根據/proc/diskstats文件計算每秒Sectors和Operations,默認取一分鐘內的平均值。有興趣的同窗能夠讀一讀src/libs/zbxsysinfo/linux/diskio.c。
磁盤讀寫speed監控項是Calculated類型的,經過每秒讀寫扇區數乘以扇區大小計算而來的,見下圖:
5)模板的Graph prototypes介紹
模板對每一個磁盤分區都創建三個圖表,包括磁盤讀寫速率圖表、讀寫扇區數圖表、讀寫操做數圖表。
附:客戶端一鍵配置腳本
#!/bin/sh # # Filename: autoMonitorDiskIO.sh # Date: 2014/01/05 # Author: Qicheng # Website: http://qicheng0211.blog.51cto.com/ # Description: 部署zabbix low-level discovery 監控磁盤IO # Notes: 在被監控客戶端運行此腳本,前提條件已經安裝好zabbix agent # ROOT_UID=0 if [ "$UID" -ne "$ROOT_UID" ];then echo "Error: Please run this script as root user." exit 1 fi # 自行修改成你的zabbix agent配置文件路徑 AGENT_CONF="/data/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf" ZABBIX_DIR="/data/zabbix" mkdir -p ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts # 建立 low-level discovery mounted disk 腳本 cat > ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh << 'EOF' #!/bin/bash #Function: low-level discovery mounted disk #Script_name: mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery() { local regexp="\b(btrfs|ext2|ext3|ext4|jfs|reiser|xfs|ffs|ufs|jfs|jfs2|vxfs|hfs|ntfs|fat32|zfs)\b" local tmpfile="/tmp/mounts.tmp" :> "$tmpfile" egrep "$regexp" /proc/mounts > "$tmpfile" local num=$(cat "$tmpfile" | wc -l) printf '{\n' printf '\t"data":[ ' while read line;do DEV_NAME=$(echo $line | awk '{print $1}') FS_NAME=$(echo $line | awk '{print $2}') SEC_SIZE=$(sudo /sbin/blockdev --getss $DEV_NAME 2>/dev/null) printf '\n\t\t{' printf "\"{#DEV_NAME}\":\"${DEV_NAME}\"," printf "\"{#FS_NAME}\":\"${FS_NAME}\"," printf "\"{#SEC_SIZE}\":\"${SEC_SIZE}\"}" ((num--)) [ "$num" == 0 ] && break printf "," done < "$tmpfile" printf '\n\t]\n' printf '}\n' } case "$1" in mount_disk_discovery) "$1" ;; *) echo "Bad Parameter." echo "Usage: $0 mount_disk_discovery" exit 1 ;; esac EOF touch /tmp/mounts.tmp chown zabbix:zabbix /tmp/mounts.tmp chown -R zabbix:zabbix ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts chmod 755 ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh # 判斷配置文件是否存在 [ -f "${AGENT_CONF}" ] || { echo "ERROR: File ${AGENT_CONF} does not exist.";exit 1;} include=`grep '^Include' ${AGENT_CONF} | cut -d'=' -f2` # 在配置文件中添加自定義參數 if [ -d "$include" ];then echo "UserParameter=mount_disk_discovery,/bin/bash ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery" >> ${AGENT_CONF} >> $include/disk_lld.conf else grep -q '^UserParameter=mount_disk_discovery' ${AGENT_CONF} || echo "UserParameter=mount_disk_discovery,/bin/bash ${ZABBIX_DIR}/monitor_scripts/mount_disk_discovery.sh mount_disk_discovery" >> ${AGENT_CONF} fi # 受權zabbix用戶無密碼運行/sbin/blockdev命令 chmod +w /etc/sudoers sed -i '/^Defaults\s\+requiretty/s/^/#/' /etc/sudoers grep -q '^zabbix ALL=(ALL).*blockdev' /etc/sudoers || echo 'zabbix ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /sbin/blockdev' >> /etc/sudoers chmod 440 /etc/sudoers # 重啓agent服務 [ -f '/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd' ] && /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart || echo "需手動重啓zabbix agent服務."