spring security進階 使用數據庫中的帳戶和密碼認證

時間  2021-01-10
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spring security 使用數據庫中的帳戶和密碼認證

[TOC]html

示例工程地址java

1、原理分析

前臺的登陸請求發送到後端後會由spring security進行攔截，即controller層由框架本身提供。這樣用戶名和密碼的認證就須要在service層完成,因此框架須要在service層獲取到咱們本身的數據庫帳號信息。mysql

spring security 提供了一個接口 **UserDetailsService **來讓用戶提供帳號和密碼,其內容以下git

public interface UserDetailsService {
	UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException;
}

用戶實現這個接口中的loadUserByUsername方法，經過數據庫中查詢的帳號和密碼構造一個UserDetails對象返回給spring security，而後框架本身完成認證操做。github

其中UserDetails也是一個接口，spring security用它來封裝當前進行認證的用戶信息web

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
    Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();
    String getPassword();
    String getUsername();
    boolean isAccountNonExpired();
    boolean isAccountNonLocked();
    boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();
    boolean isEnabled();
}

spring security 本身提供了一個實現類咱們能夠直接使用,如下是User中的部分代碼spring

public class User implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer {
private String password;
private final String username;
private final Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities;
private final boolean accountNonExpired; //賬戶是否過時
private final boolean accountNonLocked; //賬戶是否鎖定
private final boolean credentialsNonExpired; //認證是否過時
private final boolean enabled; //賬戶是否可用
｝

因此，使用數據庫完成認證的關鍵就是實現UserDetailsService接口，並在loadUserByUsername方法中封裝一個框架須要的UserDetails對象，即User對象返回給框架，由框架完成後續的認證操做。sql

同時須要在spring security的配置文件中指定要用來認證的userService 的bean數據庫

2、代碼實現

1.新建一個javaWeb工程

新建一個javaweb工程,導入相關依賴,pom文件的內容以下express

pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.lyy</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring_security_1</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>spring_security_1 Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
    <spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.6.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>

    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>        <!-- log start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>        <!-- log end -->

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
      <type>jar</type>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
      <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.security.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsr250-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.16</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
              <configuration>
                <port>80</port>
                <path>/</path>
                <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
                <server>tomcat7</server>
              </configuration>
      </plugin>

    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

在web.xml中配置spring security的過濾器

web.xml

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">

    <display-name>spring security 01</display-name>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-security.xml,classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <!-- 配置監聽器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <!-- 解決中文亂碼過濾器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
        <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

整合spring和mybatis,spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml

spring配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- 開啓註解掃描，管理service和dao -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyy.service">
    </context:component-scan>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lyy.dao">

    </context:component-scan>

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!-- 配置鏈接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置SqlSessionFactory工廠-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.lyy.domain"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置Dao接口所在包-->
    <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.lyy.dao"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置Spring的聲明式事務管理 -->
    <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
</beans>

spring security配置文件

spring security的配置文件的內容,spring-security.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
          http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security.xsd">

    <!--spring-security的入門配置-->

    <!--配置哪些資源不會被攔截 /xxx表示根路徑下的某個資源-->
    <security:http security="none" pattern="/login.html"/>
    <security:http security="none" pattern="/failed.html"/>

    <security:http auto-config="true" use-expressions="false">
        <!-- 配置連接地址，表示任意路徑都須要ROLE_USER權限,這裏能夠配置
         一個逗號隔開的角色列表-->
        <security:intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER"/>

        <!--自定義登陸頁面-->
        <security:form-login login-page="/login.html" login-processing-url="/login"
                             username-parameter="username" password-parameter="password"
                             authentication-failure-forward-url="/failed.html"
                             default-target-url="/index.html"

        />
        <!--關閉csrf,默認是開啓的-->
        <security:csrf disabled="true"/>

        <!-- 退出 -->
        <security:logout invalidate-session="true" logout-url="/logout.do" logout-success-url="/login.html" />
    </security:http>
    <security:authentication-manager>
        <!--配置使用給定的userservice完成認證-->
        <security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">
        </security:authentication-provider>
    </security:authentication-manager>

</beans>

在這個配置文件中要注意的是配置用來認證的userService Bean

<!--配置使用給定的userservice完成認證-->
<security:authentication-provider user-service-ref="userService">

建立登陸頁面和登陸失敗的頁面login.html,failed.html

2.用戶認證的實現

新建一個IUserService接口繼承UserDetailsService

package com.lyy.service;

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;

public interface IUserService extends UserDetailsService {

}

實現類以下

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {

    @Autowired
    private IUserDao userDao;

    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        UserInfo userInfo = userDao.findByUsername(username);
        User user=new User(userInfo.getUsername(),"{noop}"+userInfo.getPassword(),getRoles());
        return user;
    }

    /*給用戶賦值角色信息*/
    private List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> getRoles(){
        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> list=new ArrayList<SimpleGrantedAuthority>();
        list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER"));
        list.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
        return list;
    }
}

其中在loadUserByUsername方法中完成查詢數據庫信息，封裝成框架須要的用戶信息。

注意 :

UserInfo是封裝數據庫用戶信息的實體類

getRoles用來給用戶賦角色信息，spring security認證時用戶必須有角色信息，角色信息能夠從數據庫中查詢，在這裏直接在代理中寫固定值來示意。

用戶密碼中拼接的**"{noop}"**字符串是由於咱們沒有對密碼進行加密，因此要告訴框架認證密碼時不須要加密。

3.測試

啓動工程，訪問localhost,會跳轉到登陸頁面，輸入數據庫中存在的帳戶和密碼就會登陸成功並跳轉到首頁index.html

3、總結

使用數據庫完成認證的關鍵就是實現UserDetailsService接口，並在loadUserByUsername方法中封裝一個框架須要的UserDetails對象，即User對象返回給框架，由框架完成後續的認證操做。

同時須要在spring security的配置文件中指定要用來認證的userService 的bean，即實現了loadUserByUsername方法的userService

若是須要查看示例工程的具體代碼，能夠點擊下方的連接在碼雲上查看 示例工程地址

原文出處：https://www.cnblogs.com/chengxuxiaoyuan/p/11925212.html

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