JavaWeb實現文件上傳及郵件發送

時間 2020-12-07

標籤 html 前端 java git web api 緩存服務器 session 多線程欄目 Java 简体版

原文原文鏈接

文件上傳

pom.xml配置，導入文件上傳的相應jar包html

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.3</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
    <version>1.3.3</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

index.jsp，設置表單enctype="multipart/form-data"前端

<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload.do" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
    上傳用戶：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
    <p><input type="file" name="file1"></p>
    <p> <input type="file" name="file2"></p>
    <p><input type="submit" value="註冊"> <input type="reset"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

文件上傳具體實現Servletjava

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("doPost...");
        //判斷是普通的表單仍是帶文件的表單
        if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)) {
            System.out.println("return");
            return;//終止方法運行
        }
        System.out.println("path");
        //建立上傳文件的保存路徑，保存在WEB-INF下，用戶沒法直接訪問
        String uploadPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File uploadfile = new File(uploadPath);
        if (!uploadfile.exists()) {
            uploadfile.mkdir();//建立
        }
        //緩存 臨時文件
        System.out.println("tempPath");
        String tempPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/temp");
        System.out.println(tempPath);
        File tempFile = new File(tempPath);
        if (!tempFile.exists()) {
            tempFile.mkdir();//建立臨時目錄
        }

        try {
            System.out.println("start");
            //處理文件的上傳路徑和大小
            DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(tempFile);

            //獲取ServletFileUpload
            ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);

            //處理上傳的文件
            String msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, req, uploadPath);
            req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
            req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        } catch (FileUploadException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    public static DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file){
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        //設置緩衝區，上傳文件大於緩衝區的時候，放入臨時文件
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);
        factory.setRepository(file);//臨時目錄
        System.out.println("factorty!!");
        return factory;
    }

    public static ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory){
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);

        //監聽文件上傳進度
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
            @Override
            public void update(long pByteRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                System.out.println("總大小"+pContentLength+"已上傳："+pByteRead);
            }
        });
        //處理亂碼問題
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
        //設置單個文件的最大值
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
        //設置總共可以上傳的文件的大小
        upload.setSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
        return upload;
    }
    public static String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload,HttpServletRequest req,String uploadPath) throws IOException, FileUploadException {
        String msg = "";

        //處理上傳文件
        //把前端的請求封裝成一個FileItems對象

        List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
        for (FileItem fileItem : fileItems) {
            //判斷是普通的表單仍是帶文件的表單
            if (fileItem.isFormField()){
                //getFieldName是前端表單控件的name
                String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");
                System.out.println(name+":"+value);
            }else {
                //處理上傳的文件
                String uploadFileName = fileItem.getName();
                System.out.println("上傳的文件名是「"+uploadFileName);
                if (uploadFileName.trim().equals("")||uploadFileName==null){
                    continue;
                }
                //得到上傳文件名
                String fileName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                //得到文件的後綴名
                String fileExtName = uploadFileName.substring(uploadFileName.lastIndexOf("." )+1);
                System.out.println(fileName+"文件"+fileExtName);
                //生成惟一識別的通用碼
                String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                String realPath = uploadPath+"/"+uuidPath;
                File realPathFile = new File(realPath);
                if (!realPathFile.exists()){
                    realPathFile.mkdir();
                }
                //存放的地址
                //文件傳輸
                InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024*1024];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len=inputStream.read(buffer))>0){
                    fos.write(buffer,0,len);
                }
                fos.close();
                inputStream.close();
                msg = "上傳成功！";
               fileItem.delete();//上傳成功，刪除臨時文件
            }
        }
        return msg;
    }
}

web.xmlgit

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.zr.FileServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>FileServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/upload.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

info.jsp上傳成功界面web

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

郵件發送

新建Java項目，在lib包中導入activation-1.1.1.jar和mail-1.4.7.jar，右擊lib，點擊add as library添加到項目依賴中。api

以qq郵箱爲例：設置中開啓SMTP和POP3服務獲取受權碼，如下例子中qjpgitodfatwbbfg爲個人qq郵箱受權碼。緩存

簡單郵件（只有文字的）

package com.zr;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

public class MailTest {
    //簡單郵件 沒有圖片和附件 純文字
    //複雜郵件 有圖片和附件
    //發送郵件 需開啓smtp pop3服務 qjpgitodfatwbbfg
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com"); //設置qq郵件服務器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp"); //郵件發送協議
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true"); //須要驗證用戶名和密碼

        //qq郵箱 須要設置SSL加密（其它郵箱不須要）
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);

        //建立定義整個應用程序所需環境信息的Session對象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication("813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");
            }
        });
        //開啓Session的Debug模式，看到程序發送Email運行狀態
        session.setDebug(true);
        //經過Session獲得transport對象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //使用郵件的用戶名和受權碼連上郵件服務器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");

        //建立郵件
        //建立郵件對象
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //郵件的發件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的收件人
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的標題
        message.setSubject("簡單郵件");
        //郵件內容
        message.setContent("你好啊！","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //發送
        ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
        ts.close();
    }
}

文字+圖片郵件

package com.zr;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class MailTest2 {
    //簡單郵件 沒有圖片和附件 純文字
    //複雜郵件 有圖片和附件
    //發送郵件 需開啓smtp pop3服務 qjpgitodfatwbbfg
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com"); //設置qq郵件服務器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp"); //郵件發送協議
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true"); //須要驗證用戶名和密碼

        //qq郵箱 須要設置SSL加密（其它郵箱不須要）
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);

        //建立定義整個應用程序所需環境信息的Session對象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication("813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");
            }
        });
        //開啓Session的Debug模式，看到程序發送Email運行狀態
        session.setDebug(true);
        //經過Session獲得transport對象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //使用郵件的用戶名和受權碼連上郵件服務器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");

        //建立郵件
        //建立郵件對象
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //郵件的發件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的收件人
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的標題
        message.setSubject("帶圖片的郵件");

        //準備圖片的數據
        MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\IDEACode\\file-and-mail\\mail-java\\src\\404.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);
        image.setContentID("404.jpg");
        //準備正文數據
        MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
        text.setContent("這是一個帶圖片<img src='cid:404.jpg'>的郵件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //描述數據關係
        MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
        mm.addBodyPart(text);
        mm.addBodyPart(image);
        //附件用mixed
        mm.setSubType("related");
        //設置到消息中 保存修改
        message.setContent(mm);
        message.saveChanges();

        //發送
        ts.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
        ts.close();
    }
}

文字+圖片+附件郵件

package com.zr;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class MailTest3 {
    //簡單郵件 沒有圖片和附件 純文字
    //複雜郵件 有圖片和附件
    //發送郵件 需開啓smtp pop3服務 qjpgitodfatwbbfg
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com"); //設置qq郵件服務器
        prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp"); //郵件發送協議
        prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true"); //須要驗證用戶名和密碼

        //qq郵箱 須要設置SSL加密
        MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
        sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable","true");
        prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory",sf);

        //建立定義整個應用程序所需環境信息的Session對象
        Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
            @Override
            public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                return new PasswordAuthentication("813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");
            }
        });
        //開啓Session的Debug模式，看到程序發送Email運行狀態
        session.setDebug(true);
        //經過Session獲得transport對象
        Transport ts = session.getTransport();

        //使用郵件的用戶名和受權碼連上郵件服務器
        ts.connect("smtp.qq.com","813794474@qq.com","qjpgitodfatwbbfg");

        MimeMessage mimeMessage = imageMail(session);

        //發送
        ts.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());
        ts.close();
    }

    public static MimeMessage imageMail(Session session) throws Exception{
        //建立郵件
        //建立郵件對象
        MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
        //郵件的發件人
        message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的收件人
        message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("813794474@qq.com"));
        //郵件的標題
        message.setSubject("帶圖片和附件的郵件");

        //準備圖片的數據
        MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();
        DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\IDEACode\\file-and-mail\\mail-java\\src\\404.jpg"));
        image.setDataHandler(dh);
        image.setContentID("404.jpg");
        //準備正文數據
        MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();
        text.setContent("這是一個帶圖片<img src='cid:404.jpg'>的郵件","text/html;charset=UTF-8");
        //附件
        MimeBodyPart body3 = new MimeBodyPart();
        body3.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("D:\\IDEACode\\file-and-mail\\mail-java\\src\\ext.txt")));
        body3.setFileName("e.txt");
        //描述數據關係
        MimeMultipart mm = new MimeMultipart();
        mm.addBodyPart(text);
        mm.addBodyPart(image);
        //附件用mixed
        mm.setSubType("related");
        //將圖片和文本設置爲主體
        MimeBodyPart context = new MimeBodyPart();
        context.setContent(mm);

        //拼接附件
        MimeMultipart all = new MimeMultipart();
        all.addBodyPart(body3);
        all.addBodyPart(context);
        all.setSubType("mixed");

        //設置到消息中 保存修改
        message.setContent(all);
        message.saveChanges();

        return message;
    }
}

註冊成功郵件發送

新建Maven項目，在pom.xml中導入jsp,servlet,mail,activation相關的jar包依賴。服務器

index.jsp 註冊界面session

<body>
 <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/registerServlet.do" method="post">
     用戶名：<input type="text" name="username"><br/>
     密碼：<input type="password" name="password"><br/>
     郵箱：<input type="text" name="email"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="註冊">
 </form>
  </body>

info.jsp 註冊後跳轉的界面多線程

<body>
<h1>***網站舒適提示</h1>
${message}
</body>

User 用戶的pojo類

package com.zr.pojo;

public class User {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(String username, String password, String email) {
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password='" + password + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

郵件發送的工具類

package com.zr.util;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;
import com.zr.pojo.User;

import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;

//多線程改善用戶體驗 異步
public class SendMail extends Thread{

    private String from = "813794474@qq.com";
    private String username = "813794474@qq.com";
    private String password = "qjpgitodfatwbbfg";
    private String host = "smtp.qq.com";

    private User user;
    public SendMail(User user){
        this.user = user;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            Properties prop = new Properties();
            prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); //設置qq郵件服務器
            prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); //郵件發送協議
            prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //須要驗證用戶名和密碼

            //qq郵箱 須要設置SSL加密
            MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();
            sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");
            prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

            //建立定義整個應用程序所需環境信息的Session對象
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {
                @Override
                public PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
                    return new PasswordAuthentication("813794474@qq.com", "qjpgitodfatwbbfg");
                }
            });
            //開啓Session的Debug模式，看到程序發送Email運行狀態
            session.setDebug(true);
            //經過Session獲得transport對象
            Transport ts = session.getTransport();

            //使用郵件的用戶名和受權碼連上郵件服務器
            ts.connect(host, username, password);

            //建立郵件
            //建立郵件對象
            MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
            //郵件的發件人
            message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
            //郵件的收件人
            message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(user.getEmail()));
            //郵件的標題
            message.setSubject("註冊郵件");
            String info = "恭喜你註冊成功！你的用戶名："+user.getUsername()+",密碼："+user.getPassword()+",請妥善保管！！";
            //郵件內容
            message.setContent(info, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
            message.saveChanges();
            //發送
            ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
            ts.close();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

RegisterServlet編寫

public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //接收用戶的請求 封裝成對象
        try {
            String username = req.getParameter("username");
            String passeord = req.getParameter("passeord");
            String email = req.getParameter("email");
            User user = new User(username,passeord,email);

            //使用線程發送郵件，防止耗時，或註冊人數過多引發的問題
            SendMail sendMail = new SendMail(user);
            sendMail.start();
            //sendMail.run();
            //用戶登陸註冊成功後 給用戶發一封郵件
            //使用線程來發送郵件 防止出現耗時，和網站註冊人數過多的狀況
            req.setAttribute("message","註冊成功！！郵件已經發送到你的郵箱！注意查收！");
            req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            req.setAttribute("message","註冊失敗！");
            req.getRequestDispatcher("info.jsp").forward(req,resp);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}