Esxi主機配置文件備份及還原介紹

對於Vmware產品接觸仍是至關少的，由於公司的主要使用的是Microsoft產品，近期公司上線的OA系統就要建立在Vmware Vsphere主機上，因此公司採購了一臺HP 最新的4U(580G9)服務器做爲運行ESXI主機的物理設備，固然配置也不會過低，內存：256GB，磁盤：本地2塊300G磁盤，用於安裝系統，配置Raid1，而後掛載存儲鏈路1T磁盤空間，全部虛擬機都安裝在獨立磁盤中--存儲。主要的問題是僅僅這一臺Vsphere Host，因此對於平常的備份至關重要。網上不少帖子說，若是ESXI系統崩潰了，通常都是重裝(30分鐘)，可是重裝後，系統不少配置就沒了，因此在維護過程當中，咱們建議是備份一下ESXI主機的配置文件，這樣重裝後，而後把備份的配置文件導入後咱們會少不少工做量的。因此下面咱們就介紹一下如何備份ESXI主機的配置文件及還原。

咱們這次使用powercli進行ESXI主機的備份及還原。首先是須要下載powercli工具；首先須要經過vmware註冊的帳戶登陸，而後單點下載---搜索powercli 進行相關版本下載

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/details?downloadGroup=PCLI630R1_OSS&productId=491

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/searchresults?client=my_download&site=my_download&proxystylesheet=my_download_en&gsa_lang=en&c=ALL&q=powercli+6.0

https://my.vmware.com/group/vmware/details?downloadGroup=PCLI630R1&productId=491

下載後，咱們準備安裝在windows server2012r2上

開始安裝

所需組件安裝

開始安裝

安裝完成

安裝後會有兩個組件，一個是x86，一個是64位的，因此咱們通常運行x64位的

運行成功

https://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?cmd=displayKC&docType=kc&externalId=2042141&sliceId=1&docTypeID=DT_KB_1_1&dialogID=197519853&stateId=0%200%20197549962

注：若是運行powercli提示錯誤，咱們須要修改powercli的策略，相似windows powershell的命令同樣

使用get-executionpolicy查看狀態確實爲Restricted

使用set-executionpolicy將屬性從Restricted更改成remotesigned

咱們參考官方文檔，使用vsphere Powercli備份esxi主機的配置文件

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 備份

To back up the configuration data for an ESXi host using the vSphere PowerCLI, run this command:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath output_directory

Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host and output_directory is the name of the directory where the output file will be created.

For example:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath C:\Downloads

Note: A backup file is saved in the directory specified with the -DestinationPath option.

由於我當前只有一臺ESXI主機，192.168.5.188；在導出配置前，咱們須要鏈接到ESXI主機；

若是不會使用命令的話，咱們能夠先使用命令打開幫助文檔

get-powerCLIHelp connect-viserver

例子：Connect-VIServer ESXIHOST_IP -User 'root' -Password 'password'

因此咱們使用

Connect-VIServer 192.168.5.188 -User 'root' -Password 'password'

接下來咱們能夠判斷是否鏈接成功，可使用get-vm查看當前主機下的因此vm

成功鏈接到ESXI主機後，接下來咱們就是導出ESXI主機配置文件

咱們參考官方文檔，使用vsphere Powercli備份esxi主機的配置文件

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 備份

To back up the configuration data for an ESXi host using the vSphere PowerCLI, run this command:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath output_directory

Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host and output_directory is the name of the directory where the output file will be created.

For example:

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath C:\Downloads

Note: A backup file is saved in the directory specified with the -DestinationPath option.

因此咱們運行

Get-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 192.168.5.188 -BackupConfiguration -DestinationPath d:\ESXIConfigurationBak

導出成功

若是要還原的話，仍是同樣的方式，先鏈接，而後再還原；

Using the vSphere PowerCLI 還原

Note: When restoring configuration data, the build number of the host must match the build number of the host that created the backup file. Use the -force option to override this requirement.

1. Put the host into maintenance mode by running the command:    
        
   Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host.

2. Set-VMHost -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -State 'Maintenance'

3. Restore the configuration from the backup bundle by running the command:    
   
   Where ESXi_host_IP_address is the IP address of the ESXi host, backup_file is the name of the backup bundle to use for the restore, andusername and password are the credentials to use when authenticating with the host.      
   For example:      
   Set-VMHostFirmware -VMHost 10.0.0.1 -Restore -SourcePath c:\bundleToRestore.tgz -HostUser root -HostPassword exampleRootPassword

4. Set-VMHostFirmware -VMHost ESXi_host_IP_address -Restore -SourcePath backup_file -HostUser username -HostPassword password

Additional Information

Note: The information about virtual machines is not stored in the config backup and the virtual machines must be re-inventoried from the datastore browser after a config backup restore. Also, bootbank information is not stored in a config backup. If needed, this must be backed up and downloaded separately in a compressed tar file.

For more information, see:

• Backing Up Configuration Information with vicfg-cfgbackup section in the vSphere 5.1 Command Line Documentation

• Get-VMHostFirmware section in the vSphere PowerCLI Reference

• Set-VMHostFirmware section in the vSphere PowerCLI Reference

Note: if you have installed a version of vSphere later than 5.1, see the Command Line Document and PowerCLI Reference for that version in the VMware Documentation Library.

PowerCLI Notes:

• Remember that the 64 bit version of PowerCLI is installed in C:\Program Files, and the 32 bit version is in C:\Program Files (x86).

• You must always run PowerCLI as Administrator.