1、docker安裝筆記

CentOS 7 安裝 Docker CE

1. docker安裝步驟(基於yum方式)

1.1 查看當前linux內核版本

uname -r #linux內核要求3.10及以上

1.2 更行yum源

sudo yum update

1.3 若是安裝過舊版本的話，卸載舊版本

sudo yum remove docker  docker-common docker-selinux docker-engine

1.4 安裝須要的軟件包， yum-util 提供yum-config-manager功能，另外兩個是devicemapper驅動依賴的

sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

1.5 因爲國內網絡問題,建議使用國內源,添加yum軟件源

sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo  #阿里雲鏡像源

已加載插件：fastestmirror, langpacks
adding repo from: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

1.6 能夠查看全部倉庫中全部docker版本，並選擇特定版本安裝

$ yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r

docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos             docker-ce-stable

1.7 安裝docker

$ sudo yum install docker-ce  #因爲repo中默認只開啓stable倉庫，故這裏安裝的是最新穩定版17.12.0
$ sudo yum install <FQPN>  # 例如:sudo yum install docker-ce-17.12.1.ce

已安裝:
  docker-ce.x86_64 0:17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos                                                                                                            
做爲依賴被安裝:
  audit-libs-python.x86_64 0:2.8.1-3.el7           checkpolicy.x86_64 0:2.5-6.el7                 container-selinux.noarch 2:2.66-1.el7               
  libsemanage-python.x86_64 0:2.5-11.el7           libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3           policycoreutils-python.x86_64 0:2.5-22.el7          
  python-IPy.noarch 0:0.75-6.el7                   setools-libs.x86_64 0:3.3.8-2.el7             

完畢！

1.8 將docker加入開機啓動

$ sudo systemctl start docker
$ sudo systemctl enable docker

1.9 驗證安裝是否成功(有client和service兩部分表示docker安裝啓動都成功了)

$ sudo docker version

Client:
 Version:    17.12.1-ce
 API version:    1.35
 Go version:    go1.9.4
 Git commit:    7390fc6
 Built:    Tue Feb 27 22:15:20 2018
 OS/Arch:    linux/amd64

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:    17.12.1-ce
  API version:    1.35 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:    go1.9.4
  Git commit:    7390fc6
  Built:    Tue Feb 27 22:17:54 2018
  OS/Arch:    linux/amd64
  Experimental:    false

2. 創建docker用戶組

默認狀況下，docker 命令會使用 Unix socket 與 Docker 引擎通信。而只有 root 用戶和 docker 組的用戶才能夠訪問 Docker 引擎的 Unix socket。出於安全考慮，通常 Linux 系統上不會直接使用 root 用戶。所以，更好地作法是將須要使用 docker 的用戶加入 docker 用戶組。

2.1 創建docker組

$ sudo groupadd docker

2.2 將當前用戶加入 docker 組：

$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

2.3 退出當前終端並從新登陸，進行以下測試。

$ docker version #無需sudo使用管理員權限

Client:
 Version:    17.12.1-ce
 API version:    1.35
 Go version:    go1.9.4
 Git commit:    7390fc6
 Built:    Tue Feb 27 22:15:20 2018
 OS/Arch:    linux/amd64

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:    17.12.1-ce
  API version:    1.35 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:    go1.9.4
  Git commit:    7390fc6
  Built:    Tue Feb 27 22:17:54 2018
  OS/Arch:    linux/amd64
  Experimental:    false

3. 測試docker運行

$ docker run hello-world #運行hello world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
9db2ca6ccae0: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:4b8ff392a12ed9ea17784bd3c9a8b1fa3299cac44aca35a85c90c5e3c7afacdc
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

$ docker image ls #列出鏡像

倉庫名              標籤                 鏡像ID              建立時間            佔用空間
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
hello-world         latest              2cb0d9787c4d        2 weeks ago         1.85kB