在dropwizard中使用feign,使用hystrix

[TOC]html



前言

用慣了spring全家桶以後,試試dropwizard的Hello World也別有一帆風味。爲了加強對外訪問API的能力,須要引入open feign。這裏簡單在dropwizard中使用feign。java

1. 什麼Dropwizard

Dropwizard is a Java framework for developing ops-friendly, high-performance, RESTful web services. react

Dropwizard使成熟、穩定的java生態系統更加簡單、輕量(light-weight), 讓你更專一於業務邏輯。git

Dropwizard 爲配置(configuration)、統計(application metrics)、日誌(logging)、operational tools提供了開箱即用的能力。讓您和您的團隊可以在最短的時間內開發出具備生產環境的質量的Web服務。github

下面的簡介來自REST微服務架構之Dropwizardweb

DropWizard是由Yammer開發團隊貢獻的一個後臺服務開發框架,其集成了Java生態系統中各個問題域中最優秀的組件,幫助開發者快速的打造一個Rest風格的後臺服務。 spring

對開發者來講,使用DropWizard有以下好處:
一、和Maven集成良好,也就是說和Gradle集成也很良好;
二、開發迅速,部署簡單;
三、代碼結構好,可讀性高;
四、自動爲服務提供OM框架;
五、讓開發者天然的把一個應用拆分爲一個個的小服務 數據庫

DropWizard結構的Web服務組成
一、Configuration:用於設置該服務的配置,比方說在服務開放在哪一個端口,數據庫配置是怎樣的等等。
二、Application(即Service):該服務的主入口,定義該服務使用哪一個配置文件,開放哪些Resource,該服務須要哪些HealthCheck等等。
三、Resource:定義一個資源,包括如何獲取該資源,對該資源作Get/Post/Delete/Query時,對應的各類業務邏輯。
四、Representation:定義了一個服務返回值對象,當服務返回該對象時,會自動的把該對象按屬性值生成一個Json格式的字符串返回給服務調用者。
五、HealthCheck:在DropWizard爲每一個服務提供的OM框架中用到,經過它能夠隨時檢測當前服務是否可用。 apache

Dropwizard內置了Jetty

Web應用程序不能沒有HTTP,因此Dropwizard使用Jetty HTTP庫將一個使人難以置信的HTTP服務器直接嵌入到您的項目中。 Dropwizard項目不須要將應用程序交給一個複雜的應用程序服務器,而是一個main方法,它會自動鏈接一個HTTP服務器。將應用程序做爲一個簡單的過程運行,消除了Java在生產中的一些很差的東西(沒有PermGen問題,沒有應用程序服務器配置和維護,沒有複雜的部署工具,沒有類加載器(class loader)故障,沒有隱藏的應用程序日誌,沒有嘗試調整一個垃圾收集器來處理多個應用程序工做負載),並容許您使用全部現有的Unix進程管理工具。json

Dropwizard 使用Jersey提供Rest能力

Dropwizard 使用Jackson來處理json

Dropwizard 提供了Metrics類庫

2. Hello World For Dropwizard

吹完牛逼,開始幹活。
照例,首先本次測試(github.com/Ryan-Miao/l…

.
├── dependency-reduced-pom.xml
├── l4dropwizard.iml
├── pom.xml
├── readme.md
└── src
    └── main
        ├── java
        │   └── com
        │       └── test
        │           ├── HelloWorldApplication.java
        │           ├── configuration
        │           │   ├── HelloWorldConfiguration.java
        │           │   └── modules
        │           │       ├── ConnectAndReadConfig.java
        │           │       └── GithubApiConfig.java
        │           └── domain
        │               ├── connect
        │               │   ├── GithubClient.java
        │               │   └── GithubConnector.java
        │               ├── entiry
        │               │   ├── GithubUser.java
        │               │   └── Saying.java
        │               ├── health
        │               │   └── TemplateHealthCheck.java
        │               └── resource
        │                   ├── GithubResource.java
        │                   └── HelloWorldResource.java
        └── resources
            └── config
                └── dev.yml

14 directories, 16 files複製代碼

2.1 添加依賴

依舊是maven項目,pom中添加dropwizard

<properties>
        <dropwizard.version>1.0.6</dropwizard.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <mainClass>com.test.HelloWorldApplication</mainClass>

</properties>
<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.dropwizard</groupId>
            <artifactId>dropwizard-core</artifactId>
            <version>${dropwizard.version}</version>
        </dependency>
</dependencies>複製代碼

2.2 添加配置中心

dropwizard採用yaml做爲配置文件,同時須要有個配置類對應yaml中的屬性。
建立config/dev.yml

template: Hello, %s!
defaultName: Stranger


server:
#  softNofileLimit: 1000
#  hardNofileLimit: 1000
  applicationConnectors:
    - type: http
      port: 8080

    #this requires the alpn-boot library on the JVM's boot classpath
    #- type: h2
    #  port: 8445
    #  keyStorePath: example.keystore
    #  keyStorePassword: example
  adminConnectors:
    - type: http
      port: 8082複製代碼

而後,新建對應的配置類com.test.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration

package com.test.configuration;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
import io.dropwizard.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;

/** * Created by rmiao on 3/14/2017. */
public class HelloWorldConfiguration extends Configuration {

    @NotEmpty
    private String template;

    @NotEmpty
    private String defaultName = "Stranger";

    @JsonProperty
    public String getTemplate() {
        return template;
    }

    @JsonProperty
    public void setTemplate(String template) {
        this.template = template;
    }

    @JsonProperty
    public String getDefaultName() {
        return defaultName;
    }

    @JsonProperty
    public void setDefaultName(String name) {
        this.defaultName = name;
    }
}複製代碼

下一步就是啓動類:com.test.application.HelloWorldApplication

package com.test;

import com.test.domain.health.TemplateHealthCheck;
import com.test.domain.resource.HelloWorldResource;
import com.test.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration;
import io.dropwizard.Application;
import io.dropwizard.setup.Bootstrap;
import io.dropwizard.setup.Environment;

import java.util.Map;

/** * Created by Ryan Miao on 3/14/2017. */
public class HelloWorldApplication extends Application<HelloWorldConfiguration> {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        new HelloWorldApplication().run(args);
    }

    @Override
    public String getName() {
        return "hello-world";
    }

    @Override
    public void initialize(Bootstrap<HelloWorldConfiguration> bootstrap) {
        // nothing to do yet
    }

    @Override
    public void run(HelloWorldConfiguration configuration, Environment environment) throws Exception {
        final HelloWorldResource resource = new HelloWorldResource(
                configuration.getTemplate(),
                configuration.getDefaultName()
        );
        final TemplateHealthCheck healthCheck =
                new TemplateHealthCheck(configuration.getTemplate());
        environment.healthChecks().register("template", healthCheck);
        environment.jersey().register(resource);
        environment.jersey().register(healthCheck);

    }
}複製代碼

到此,配置基本完成,只須要添加接口resource就好。

2.3 建立第一個API

對應於springmvc中conroller, dropwizard採用jersey,使用resourc做爲接口類:com.test.com.test.resource.HelloWorldResource

package com.test.domain.resource;

import com.codahale.metrics.annotation.Timed;
import com.test.domain.entiry.Saying;

import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicLong;

/** * Created by rmiao on 3/14/2017. */
@Path("/hello-world")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public class HelloWorldResource {
    private final String template;
    private final String defaultName;
    private final AtomicLong counter;

    public HelloWorldResource(String template, String defaultName) {
        this.template = template;
        this.defaultName = defaultName;
        this.counter = new AtomicLong();
    }

    @GET
    @Timed
    public Saying sayHello(@QueryParam("name") Optional<String> name) {
        final String value = String.format(template, name.orElse(defaultName));
        return new Saying(counter.incrementAndGet(), value);
    }


}複製代碼

這裏的template沒啥意思,官網用在這裏就是爲了彰顯下讀取配置文件的能力: 經過configuration類來操做配置屬性。

另外,須要注意的是,resource並不能像Spring同樣自動掃描,須要手動去environment.jersey().register(resource);

2.4 啓動

啓動前還須要配置fat jar,同Spring-boot同樣,fat jar首選. 在pom配置:

<build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.5.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addDefaultImplementationEntries>true</addDefaultImplementationEntries>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom>
                    <filters>
                        <filter>
                            <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                            <excludes>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
                                <exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
                            </excludes>
                        </filter>
                    </filters>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
                                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>${mainClass}</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.6.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>${mainClass}</mainClass>
                    <arguments>
                        <argument>server</argument>
                        <argument>target/classes/config/dev.yml</argument>
                    </arguments>
                    <systemProperties>
                        <systemProperty>
                            <key>application.name</key>
                            <value>HelloWorld</value>
                        </systemProperty>
                        <systemProperty>
                            <key>application.home</key>
                            <value>.</value>
                        </systemProperty>
                        <systemProperty>
                            <key>application.environment</key>
                            <value>dev</value>
                        </systemProperty>
                    </systemProperties>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>複製代碼

接下來,打包:

mvn package複製代碼

而後,run jar:

java -jar target\l4dropwizard-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar server target/classes/config/dev.yml複製代碼

瀏覽器訪問http://localhost:8080/hello-world?name=Ryan
將獲得:

{
    "id": 1,
    "content": "Hello, Ryan!"
}複製代碼

至此,hello world完成。

什麼是Feign

Feign是一個網絡請求客戶端,簡化了網絡請求代碼,使得咱們能夠採用更加友好的方式發送請求,而且管理請求。Feign採用註解驅動模板,因此目前只支持text-based apis.

Dropwizard with Feign

依賴

首先,添加依賴:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-core</artifactId>
    <version>${feign.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-hystrix</artifactId>
    <version>${feign.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-slf4j</artifactId>
    <version>${feign.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-jackson</artifactId>
    <version>${feign.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.github.openfeign</groupId>
    <artifactId>feign-gson</artifactId>
    <version>${feign.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.reactivex</groupId>
    <artifactId>rxjava</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.1</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>複製代碼

配置

Feign的配置主要有三個,一個是isolation.thread線程存活時間。一個是connectTimeoutMillis鏈接超時,一個是readTimeoutMillis

本次測試將採用github的公共API,獲取用戶信息。首先配置線程存活時間。在dev.yml中添加:

hystrixConfig:
  hystrix.command.GithubConnector#getUserProfile(String).execution.isolation.thread.timeoutInMilliseconds: 7000複製代碼

而後是兩個超時配置:

githubApiConfig:
 baseUrl: "https://api.github.com"
 getUserProfile:
 connectTimeoutMillis: 2000
 readTimeoutMillis: 5000複製代碼

Dropwizard經過配置類和配置文件綁定的方式獲取配置內容。所以,須要對應的在配置類中建立對應的字段。
com.test.configuration.modules.ConnectAndReadConfig

package com.test.configuration.modules;

/** * Created by Ryan Miao on 9/14/17. */
public class ConnectAndReadConfig {
    private int connectTimeoutMillis;
    private int readTimeoutMillis;

    public int getConnectTimeoutMillis() {
        return connectTimeoutMillis;
    }

    public int getReadTimeoutMillis() {
        return readTimeoutMillis;
    }
}複製代碼

com.test.configuration.modules.GithubApiConfig

package com.test.configuration.modules;

/** * Created by Ryan Miao on 9/14/17. */
public class GithubApiConfig {
    private String baseUrl;
    private ConnectAndReadConfig getUserProfile;

    public String getBaseUrl() {
        return baseUrl;
    }

    public ConnectAndReadConfig getGetUserProfile() {
        return getUserProfile;
    }
}複製代碼

在com.test.configuration.HelloWorldConfiguration中添加:

@NotEmpty
private Map<String, Object> hystrixConfig;

@NotNull
private GithubApiConfig githubApiConfig;複製代碼

而後在application中配置好hystrix的配置:
在HelloWorldApplication#run方法中

//init hystrix config
Map<String, Object> hystrixConfig = configuration.getHystrixConfig();
for (final Map.Entry<String, Object> config : hystrixConfig.entrySet()) {
    ConfigurationManager.getConfigInstance().setProperty(config.getKey(), config.getValue());
}複製代碼

建立Feign的connector接口

建立接口com.test.domain.connect.GithubConnector:

package com.test.domain.connect;

import com.test.domain.entiry.GithubUser;
import feign.Headers;
import feign.Param;
import feign.RequestLine;
import rx.Observable;

/** * Created by ryan on 9/14/17. */
public interface GithubConnector {
    /** * @param username * @return */
    @RequestLine("GET /users/{username}")
    @Headers({"Accept: application/vnd.github.v3+json"})
    Observable<GithubUser> getUserProfile(@Param("username") String username);
}複製代碼

建立調用客戶端

建立客戶端com.test.domain.connect.GithubClient

package com.test.domain.connect;

import com.test.configuration.modules.ConnectAndReadConfig;
import com.test.configuration.modules.GithubApiConfig;
import com.test.domain.entiry.GithubUser;
import feign.Request;
import feign.Response;
import feign.gson.GsonDecoder;
import feign.gson.GsonEncoder;
import feign.hystrix.HystrixFeign;
import feign.slf4j.Slf4jLogger;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import rx.Observable;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.UUID;

/** * Created by Ryan Miao on 9/14/17. */
public class GithubClient {
    public static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(GithubClient.class);

    private GithubApiConfig githubApiConfig;

    public GithubClient(GithubApiConfig githubApiConfig) {
        this.githubApiConfig = githubApiConfig;
    }


    public Observable<GithubUser> getUserProfile(String username) {
        String baseUrl = githubApiConfig.getBaseUrl();
        ConnectAndReadConfig getUserProfile = githubApiConfig.getGetUserProfile();
        GithubConnector connector = HystrixFeign.builder()
                .decoder(new GsonDecoder())
                .encoder(new GsonEncoder())
                .logger(new Slf4jLogger())
                .options(new Request.Options(getUserProfile.getConnectTimeoutMillis(), getUserProfile.getReadTimeoutMillis()))
                .errorDecoder((methodKey, response) -> {
                    StringBuilder msg = new StringBuilder("status=").append(response.status())
                            .append(";request_headers=").append(response.request().headers())
                            .append(";response_headers=").append(response.headers())
                            .append(";body=");
                    Response.Body body = response.body();
                    if (body != null && body.length() > 0) {
                        try {
                            msg.append(IOUtils.toString(body.asReader()));
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            msg.append("can not read body,"+e.getMessage());
                        }
                    }

                    return new RuntimeException(msg.toString());
                })
                .requestInterceptor(template -> template.header("requestId", UUID.randomUUID().toString()))
                .target(GithubConnector.class, baseUrl);

        return connector.getUserProfile(username).onErrorReturn(error -> {
            LOGGER.error("Get github user profile failed. ", error);
            return null;
        });
    }
}複製代碼

建立一個接口測試

最後,建立一個接口來測試下:
com.test.domain.resource.GithubResource

package com.test.domain.resource;

import com.codahale.metrics.annotation.Timed;
import com.test.configuration.modules.GithubApiConfig;
import com.test.domain.connect.GithubClient;
import com.test.domain.entiry.GithubUser;

import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

/** * Created by Ryan Miao on 9/14/17. */
@Path("/github")
@Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public class GithubResource {

    private GithubApiConfig githubApiConfig;

    public GithubResource(GithubApiConfig githubApiConfig) {
        this.githubApiConfig = githubApiConfig;
    }

    @GET
    @Timed
    @Path("/users/{username}")
    public GithubUser getUserProfile(@PathParam("username") final String username){
        GithubClient client = new GithubClient(githubApiConfig);
        return client.getUserProfile(username).toBlocking().first();
    }

}複製代碼

run main方法啓動。訪問localhost:8080/github/users/Ryan-Miao就能夠獲得個人github信息了:

{
    "login": "Ryan-Miao",
    "id": 11866078,
    "avatar_url": "https://avatars3.githubusercontent.com/u/11866078?v=4",
    "url": "https://api.github.com/users/Ryan-Miao",
    "name": "Ryan Miao",
    "email": null,
    "location": "中國深圳",
    "blog": "https://ryan-miao.github.io/"
}複製代碼

至此,feign的簡單集成就搞定了。

一些注意事項

feign採用hystrix的配置的時候,grop key是baseUrl.上慄中,grop Key爲https://api.github.com, commandKey爲接口+方法和參數,上慄中爲GithubConnector#getUserProfile(String)。所以,配置線程超時用了commandKey如上。若是要配置coreSize之類的,必須使用url作爲group key了。

source

github.com/Ryan-Miao/l…

參考

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