python 之自制測試框架

時間 2019-12-12

標籤 python 自制測試框架欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

敘：使用python 搭建自動化框架，適用於接口post/get 的form請求css

框架搭建思路：html

1.準備好測試用例，包含的內容有：項目名稱，模塊名稱，用例id，用例描述，請求url，請求方式，請求數據，預期結果，請求報文，返回報文，測試結果，測試人員等python

2.梳理整個流程：api

讀取測試用例
獲取用例中url+請求參數+請求方法
進行接口請求，獲取返回值，獲取測試結果
將獲取的返回值，測試結果，寫入測試用例中
存成新的測試用例，存放在data目錄下
獲取最新測試用例（已填寫了測試結果的），並生成HTML測試報告
將生成的測試報告發送郵件

3.我搭建的框架目錄結構安全

代碼實現以下：服務器

#請求接口，生成測試報告的必備小功能（tools）
import os

import requests
import time
import xlrd
from xlutils import copy
from conf.setting import DATA_PATH
def readCase(case_path):
    case_list = [] #存放全部的測試用例，給後面運行的時候使用
    book = xlrd.open_workbook(case_path)
    sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
    for line in range(1,sheet.nrows):
        case = []
        line_case = sheet.row_values(line)#row_values是excel裏面每一行的全部數據
        project = line_case[0]
        model = line_case[1]
        case_id = line_case[2]
        detail = line_case[3]
        url = line_case[4]
        method = line_case[5]
        req_data = line_case[6]
        hope = line_case[7]
        req_msg = line_case[8]
        response_msg = line_case[9]
        test_status = line_case[10]
        tester = line_case[11]
        case = [project,model,case_id,detail,url,method,req_data,hope,req_msg,response_msg,test_status,tester]
        case_list.append(case)
    return case_list

def strToDict(data):
    #username=niuhy,passwd=123456
    dic  = {}
    data_list = data.split(',')
    # ['username=niuhy','passwod=123456']
    for k in data_list:
        #username=niuhy
        k_list = k.split('=')
        #['usenrmae','niuhy']
        dic_k = k_list[0]
        dic_v = k_list[1]
        dic[dic_k]=dic_v
    return dic

def my_request(method,url,data):
    new_data = strToDict(data)
    try:
        if method.upper()=='GET':
            r = requests.get(url,new_data)
        else:
            r = requests.post(url,new_data)
    except Exception as e:
        return '出錯了，錯誤是%s'%e
    return r.text

def check_res(response,hope):
    new_response = response.replace('": "','=').replace('": ','=')
    for check in hope.split(','):
        if check not in new_response:
            return 'fail'
    return 'ok'

def urlParam(param):
    return param.replace(';','&')

def write_excel(src_case_path,res_list):
    src_book = xlrd.open_workbook(src_case_path)
    new_book = copy.copy(src_book)
    sheet = new_book.get_sheet(0)
    line = 1
    for res in res_list:
        req  = res[0]
        response  = res[1]
        status  = res[2]
        sheet.write(line,8,req)
        sheet.write(line,9,response)
        sheet.write(line,10,status)
        line+=1
    file_name = time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')+os.path.basename(src_case_path)
    abs_path = os.path.join(DATA_PATH,file_name).replace('xlsx','xls')
    new_book.save(abs_path)
    return os.path.abspath(abs_path)


if __name__ =='__main__':
    move_report()
    # res = readCase(r'C:\Users\bjniuhanyang\Desktop\測試用例.xlsx')
    # print(res)
    # dic = strToDict('username=niuhy,passwd=123456')
    # print(dic)
    # r = my_request('get','http://lanxia.lxsb.com','a=1')
    # print(r)
#     res = """
#     {
#     "error_code": 0,
#     "login_info": {
#         "login_time": "20171216171928",
#         "sign": "d8f3044197d21f18bf782b0f0b7e9a8b",
#         "userId": 8
#     }
# }
#     """
#     # r = check_res(res,'error_code=0,userId=8')
#     # print(r)
#     res_list =[ [
#         'http://api.nnzhp.cn/user?username=xxx&passwd=111','{}',True
#     ]
#     ]
#     excel_path=r'C:\Users\bjniuhanyang\Desktop\測試用例.xlsx'
#     write_excel(excel_path,res_list)
#     # 總共運行了N條測試用例，經過xx條，失敗xx。


#發送郵件功能實現

import smtplib,os
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import base64
class SendMail(object):
    def __init__(self,username,passwd,recv,title,content,
                 file=None,ssl=False,
                 email_host='smtp.qq.com',port=25,ssl_port=465):
        '''
        :param username: 用戶名
        :param passwd: 密碼
        :param recv: 收件人，多個要傳list ['a@qq.com','b@qq.com]
        :param title: 郵件標題
        :param content: 郵件正文
        :param file: 附件路徑，若是不在當前目錄下，要寫絕對路徑，默認沒有附件
        :param ssl: 是否安全連接，默認爲普通
        :param email_host: smtp服務器地址，默認爲163服務器
        :param port: 非安全連接端口，默認爲25
        :param ssl_port: 安全連接端口，默認爲465
        '''
        self.username = username #用戶名
        self.passwd = passwd #密碼
        self.recv = recv #收件人，多個要傳list ['a@qq.com','b@qq.com]
        self.title = title #郵件標題
        self.content = content #郵件正文
        self.file = file #附件路徑，若是不在當前目錄下，要寫絕對路徑
        self.email_host = email_host #smtp服務器地址
        self.port = port #普通端口
        self.ssl = ssl #是否安全連接
        self.ssl_port = ssl_port #安全連接端口
    def send_mail(self):
        msg = MIMEMultipart()
        #發送內容的對象
        if self.file:#處理附件的
            file_name = os.path.split(self.file)[-1]#只取文件名，不取路徑
            try:
                f = open(self.file, 'rb').read()
            except Exception as e:
                raise Exception('附件打不開！！！！')
            else:
                att = MIMEText(f,"base64", "utf-8")
                att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
                #base64.b64encode(file_name.encode()).decode()
                new_file_name='=?utf-8?b?' + base64.b64encode(file_name.encode()).decode() + '?='
                #這裏是處理文件名爲中文名的，必須這麼寫
                att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%(new_file_name)
                msg.attach(att)
        msg.attach(MIMEText(self.content))#郵件正文的內容
        msg['Subject'] = self.title  # 郵件主題
        msg['From'] = self.username  # 發送者帳號
        msg['To'] = ','.join(self.recv)  # 接收者帳號列表
        if self.ssl:
            self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.email_host,port=self.ssl_port)
        else:
            self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.email_host,port=self.port)
        #發送郵件服務器的對象
        self.smtp.login(self.username, self.passwd)
        try:
            self.smtp.sendmail(self.username, self.recv, msg.as_string())
            pass
        except Exception as e:
            print('出錯了。。',e)
        else:
            print('發送成功！')
        self.smtp.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    m = SendMail(
        username='842167869@qq.com',
        passwd='ukmzawnjhtkybfdc',
        recv=['842167869@qq.com', '842167869@qq.com'],
        title='新鞋的發送郵件',
        content='哈哈哈啊哈哈哈哈',
        file=r'C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\測試用例.xlsx', ssl=True,
    )
    m.send_mail()

#生成測試報告功能實現

import time
from conf.setting import REPORT_PATH

class HtmlReport(object):
    __style_html = '''
    <style type="text/css">
                body {
                   font:normal 68% verdana,arial,helvetica;
                   color:#000000;
                }
                table tr td, table tr th {
                   font-size: 68%;
                }
                table.details tr th{
                    color: #ffffff;
                   font-weight: bold;
                   text-align:center;
                   background:#2674a6;
                }
                table.details tr td{
                   background:#eeeee0;
                }
                h1 {
                   margin: 0px 0px 5px; font: 165% verdana,arial,helvetica
                }
                h2 {
                   margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; font: bold 125% verdana,arial,helvetica
                }
                h3 {
                   margin-bottom: 0.5em; font: bold 115% verdana,arial,helvetica
                }
                .Failure {
                   font-weight:bold; color:red;
                }


                img
                {
                  border-width: 0px;
                }

                .expand_link
                {
                   position=absolute;
                   right: 0px;
                   width: 27px;
                   top: 1px;
                   height: 27px;
                }

                .page_details
                {
                   display: none;
                }

                                    .page_details_expanded
                                    {
                                        display: block;
                                        display/* hide this definition from  IE5/6 */: table-row;
                                    }


             </style>
    <script language="JavaScript">
          function show(details_id)
                {
                   var close = 'page_details';
                   var show = 'page_details_expanded';
                   if (document.getElementById(details_id).className==close){
                       document.getElementById(details_id).className = show;
                  }
                  else {
                       document.getElementById(details_id).className = close;
                  }

                }

             </script>
    '''
    __report_html = '''
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>接口測試報告</title>
    {style}
    </head>
    <body>
    <h1>接口測試報告</h1>
    <table width="100%">
    <tr>
    <td align="left">測試時間: {date}</td>
    </tr>
    </table>
    <hr size="1">
       <h2>測試概況</h2>
    <table width="95%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="0" class="details" align="center">
    <tr valign="top">
    <th>用例總數</th><th>經過數量</th><th>失敗數量</th><th>運行時間</th>
    </tr>
    <tr valign="top" class="">
    <td align="center">{all}</td><td align="center">{ok}</td><td align="center">{fail}</td><td align="center">{run_time} s</td>
    </tr>
    </table>
    <hr align="center" width="95%" size="1">
    <h2>接口詳細</h2>
    <table width="95%" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="5" border="0" class="details" align="center">
    <tr valign="top">
    <th>所屬項目</th><th>模塊</th><th>用例描述</th><th>URL</th><th>測試人員</th><th>用例狀態</th><th></th>
    </tr>{case_res}</table>
    <hr align="center" width="95%" size="1">
    </body>
    </html>

    '''
    __case_html = '''
    <tr valign="top" class="">
    <td>{project}</td><td align="center">{model}</td><td align="center">{detail}</td><td align="center">{url}</td><td align="center">{tester}</td><td align="center">{status}</td><td align="center"><a href="#" onclick="show('page_details_{case_id}');">查看接口詳細</a></td>
    </tr>
    <tr class="page_details" id="page_details_{case_id}">
    <td bgcolor="#FF0000" colspan="8">
    <div align="center">
    <b>請求/返回 "{project}"</b>
    <table width="95%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="0" bgcolor="#2674A6" bordercolor="#000000">
    <tr>
    <th>請求報文</th><th>返回報文</th>
    </tr>
    <tr>
    <td align="center" style="width :300px;word-break: break-all;"><span>{request}</span></td><td align="center" style="width :300px;word-break: break-all;" ><span>{response}</span></td>

    </tr>
    </table>
    </div>
    </td>
    </tr>

    '''
    def __init__(self,report_dic):
        '''

        :param report_dic:生成報告須要用的字典
        {
            "all": 5,#運行用例數量
            "ok": 4,#經過數量
            "fail": 1,#失敗數量
            "run_time": 100,#運行時間，單位s
            "case_res": [{}],#每條用例的執行結果，
            case_res:
            {
                    "case_id":"001",#用例id
                    "project":"搜索",#所屬項目
                    "model":"登陸",#模塊
                    "detail":"正常登陸",#用例標題
                    "url":"http://10.165.124.28:8080/q", #請求url
                    "tester":"問問", #測試人員
                    "status":"經過",#測試結果
                    "request":"a=1&b=2",#請求報文
                "response":"{'code':200,'msg':'操做成功'}"#返回報文
            }
        }
        '''

        self.report_dic = report_dic
    def report(self):
        res_list_html = ''
        res_list = self.report_dic.get('case_res')
        for res in res_list:
            res_list_html+=self.__case_html.format(**res)
        self.report_dic['case_res']=res_list_html
        self.report_dic['style'] = self.__style_html
        self.report_dic['date'] = time.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')
        self.__write_file()
    def __write_file(self):
        with open('{path}\{date}_TestReport.html'.format(path = REPORT_PATH,date=time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S')),'w',encoding='utf-8') as fw:
            fw.write(self.__report_html.format(**self.report_dic))
    def ReportParh(self):
        report_path ='{path}\{date}_TestReport.html'.format(path = REPORT_PATH,date=time.strftime('%Y%m%d%H%M%S'))
        return report_path

#執行測試

from lib.tools import readCase, my_request, check_res, urlParam, write_excelimport timefrom lib.report import HtmlReportfrom lib.sendmail import SendMaildef do_test():    #執行接口測試結束後，生成excel，保存在data目錄下    case_list = readCase(r'D:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\all_view\MyFrame\cases\測試用例.xlsx')    result_list = []    for case in case_list:        # print(case)        data = case[6]        method = case[5]        url = case[4]        res =my_request(method, url, data) #請求後，返回的報文        res = res.replace('\n', '')        hope = case[7]        test_result = check_res(res, hope)#測試結果，是否經過的        request_msg = url + '?' + urlParam(data)#請求報文        #把請求報文，返回報文，測試結果 ，組成一個列表        result = [request_msg, res, test_result]        result_list.append(result)    testcase_path = r'D:\Users\Administrator\PycharmProjects\all_view\MyFrame\cases\測試用例.xlsx'    path = write_excel(testcase_path, result_list)#寫入到excel裏面    return path#獲取要生成報告的excel# do_test()def MakeReport(end_case_path):    case_list = readCase(end_case_path)    print(case_list)    count = 0    case_ok = []    res_list = []    for Rcase in case_list:        if Rcase[10]:#若是返回結果是真的，成功的，直接加載case_ok裏面            case_ok.append(Rcase[10])        res = {            "case_id":Rcase[2],            "project":Rcase[0],            "model":Rcase[1],            "detail":Rcase[3],            "url":Rcase[4],            "tester":Rcase[11],            "status":Rcase[10],            "request":Rcase[6],        "response":Rcase[9]        }        res_list.append(res)        count+=1    all = {        "all": count,#總共多少條用例        "ok": len(case_ok),#經過的        "fail": count-len(case_ok),#失敗        "run_time": 100,#運行了多久        "case_res": res_list,        "date": time.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S')#何時執行的    }    a = HtmlReport(all)    a.report()    a.ReportParh()    report_path = a.ReportParh()    return report_path    # print('報告路徑',file_name)def send_report(report_path):    m = SendMail(        username='xxxx@qq.com',        passwd='xxxxx',        recv=['xxx@qq.com','xxx@qq.com','xxx@qq.com'],        title='自制框架測試報告發送，哇哈哈哈！阿飛~~',        content='最新一次執行結果報告發送~',        file=report_path, ssl=True,    )    m.send_mail()