下面主要是關於虛擬磁盤添加到虛擬機以後,如何分區和格式化的過程。android
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evans@master:
/dev
$
sudo
fdisk
-l
Disk
/dev/sda
: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors
/track
, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b5cfd
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1
* 2048 81788927 40893440 83 Linux
/dev/sda2
81790974 83884031 1046529 5 Extended
/dev/sda5
81790976 83884031 1046528 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk
/dev/sdb
: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors
/track
, 7832 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Disk
/dev/sdb
doesn't contain a valid partition table
|
/dev/sdb
就是新增的磁盤,上面尚未任何分區信息,下面來着手分區。因爲是第二塊磁盤,且個人需求也比較簡單,直接在上面創建一個分區就能夠了。ubuntu
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evans@master:
/dev
$
sudo
fdisk
/dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf1dfadb5.
Changes will remain
in
memory only,
until
you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
# 查看已經的分區信息,如今尚未,因此下面的列表也是空的
Command (m
for
help): p
Disk
/dev/sdb
: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors
/track
, 7832 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf1dfadb5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
# 創建新分區
Command (m
for
help): n
Partition
type
:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4
free
)
e extended
# 先了一個主分區,開始和結束的扇區用的都是默認值,直接回車就行了
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-125829119, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-125829119, default 125829119):
Using default value 125829119
# 分區創建好後,再次查看分區信息,列表中就多了一項 /dev/sdb1
Command (m
for
help): p
Disk
/dev/sdb
: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors
/track
, 7832 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf1dfadb5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1
2048 125829119 62913536 83 Linux
# 將分區信息寫入磁盤。若是不作這一步就直接退出的話,以上操做將所有無效。
Command (m
for
help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-
read
partition table.
Syncing disks.
|
完成分區操做後,咱們再來看看磁盤上的變化:bash
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evans@master:
/dev
$
sudo
fdisk
-l
Disk
/dev/sda
: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors
/track
, 5221 cylinders, total 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000b5cfd
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1
* 2048 81788927 40893440 83 Linux
/dev/sda2
81790974 83884031 1046529 5 Extended
/dev/sda5
81790976 83884031 1046528 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk
/dev/sdb
: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes
128 heads, 39 sectors
/track
, 25206 cylinders, total 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical
/physical
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I
/O
size (minimum
/optimal
): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf1dfadb5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1
2048 125829119 62913536 83 Linux
|
最後一行,代表分區信息已經寫入成功。第一將使用 fdisk -l
時,顯示的信息表示 /dev/sdb
上沒有有效的信息,此次有了。分區完成後,接着就開始格式化磁盤。ide
查看已有磁盤的格式,爲了保持一致,新磁盤也採用一樣的格式ui
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evans@master:
/dev
$
df
-T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1
ext4 40251776 30332612 7874492 80% /
udev devtmpfs 2053336 4 2053332 1%
/dev
tmpfs tmpfs 824260 840 823420 1%
/run
none tmpfs 5120 0 5120 0%
/run/lock
none tmpfs 2060648 1412 2059236 1%
/run/shm
|
已有磁盤 /dev/sda1
用的是 ext4
,新磁盤也採用一樣的格式。spa
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sudo
mkfs -t ext4
/dev/sdb1
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格式化完成後,磁盤就準備就緒了。可是這個磁盤必需「加載」後,纔可以被使用。感受就像是,在一個孤島上創建一個房子,但人們卻沒法去使用。加載的過程,就若是是將孤島與大陸鏈接起來。操作系統
先臨時加載磁盤,很是簡單code
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sudo
mkdir
/android
sudo
mount
/dev/sdb1
/android
|
好了,加載完成。如今,在 /android
目錄下創建的全部文件,都將被存儲在新的磁盤上。可是一旦系統重啓,你又得從新加載一次了。若是以爲麻煩,那麼就往下看看怎麼自動加載。ci
自動加載是指在系統啓動後,由操做系統來自動完成磁盤的加載。你的第一塊磁盤 /dev/sda1
就是這樣被加載的,安裝操做系統時,這一步已經由安裝程序順便作了,如今咱們本身來作。固然,過程也是簡單的,只須要修改一下/etc/fstab
。rem
查看磁盤的UUID
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evans@master:~$
sudo
df
-h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1
39G 29G 7.6G 80% /
udev 2.0G 12K 2.0G 1%
/dev
tmpfs 805M 844K 805M 1%
/run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0%
/run/lock
none 2.0G 1.4M 2.0G 1%
/run/shm
/dev/sdb1
60G 180M 56G 1%
/home/evans/codebase/android
## 記下路徑
evans@master:~$
sudo
blkid
/dev/sda1
: UUID=
"6314c61b-4ba2-43b6-933a-8575f69f93b5"
TYPE=
"ext4"
/dev/sda5
: UUID=
"5609fe6e-3a96-4fa5-924e-be18161f439c"
TYPE=
"swap"
/dev/sdb1
: UUID=
"842afa50-6a3c-4910-862d-c662c37bf081"
TYPE=
"ext4"
## 記下UUID
evans@master:~$
sudo
vi
/etc/fstab
9
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
10 UUID=6314c61b-4ba2-43b6-933a-8575f69f93b5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
# 將第10行復制而後再粘貼,再對其進行修改。
# 須要修改的內容有兩處
# 一處是UUID,用上面的UUID進行替換
# 二是路徑,將 / 替換爲上面的本身的路徑
9
# / was on /dev/sda1 during installation
10 UUID=6314c61b-4ba2-43b6-933a-8575f69f93b5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
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# /home/evans/codebase/android on /dev/sdb1 during installation
13 UUID=842afa50-6a3c-4910-862d-c662c37bf081
/home/evans/codebase/android
ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
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