如何實現對象克隆?

有兩種方式:
1). 實現Cloneable接口並重寫Object類中的clone()方法;
2). 實現Serializable接口,經過對象的序列化和反序列化實現克隆,能夠實現真正的深度克隆,代碼以下。java

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import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
 
public class MyUtil {
 
     private MyUtil() {
         throw new AssertionError();
     }
 
     public static <T> T clone(T obj) throws Exception {
         ByteArrayOutputStream bout = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
         ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bout);
         oos.writeObject(obj);
 
         ByteArrayInputStream bin = new ByteArrayInputStream(bout.toByteArray());
         ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bin);
         return (T) ois.readObject();
 
         // 說明:調用ByteArrayInputStream或ByteArrayOutputStream對象的close方法沒有任何意義
         // 這兩個基於內存的流只要垃圾回收器清理對象就可以釋放資源,這一點不一樣於對外部資源(如文件流)的釋放
     }
}

下面是測試代碼:ide

 

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import java.io.Serializable;
 
/**
  * 人類
  * @author 
  *
  */
class Person implements Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -9102017020286042305L;
 
     private String name;    // 姓名
     private int age;        // 年齡
     private Car car;        // 座駕
 
     public Person(String name, int age, Car car) {
         this .name = name;
         this .age = age;
         this .car = car;
     }
 
     public String getName() {
         return name;
     }
 
     public void setName(String name) {
         this .name = name;
     }
 
     public int getAge() {
         return age;
     }
 
     public void setAge( int age) {
         this .age = age;
     }
 
     public Car getCar() {
         return car;
     }
 
     public void setCar(Car car) {
         this .car = car;
     }
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "Person [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", car=" + car + "]" ;
     }
 
}

 

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/**
  * 小汽車類
  * @author 
  *
  */
class Car implements Serializable {
     private static final long serialVersionUID = -5713945027627603702L;
 
     private String brand;       // 品牌
     private int maxSpeed;       // 最高時速
 
     public Car(String brand, int maxSpeed) {
         this .brand = brand;
         this .maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
     }
 
     public String getBrand() {
         return brand;
     }
 
     public void setBrand(String brand) {
         this .brand = brand;
     }
 
     public int getMaxSpeed() {
         return maxSpeed;
     }
 
     public void setMaxSpeed( int maxSpeed) {
         this .maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
     }
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "Car [brand=" + brand + ", maxSpeed=" + maxSpeed + "]" ;
     }
 
}

 

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class CloneTest {
 
     public static void main(String[] args) {
         try {
             Person p1 = new Person( "Hao LUO" , 33 , new Car( "Benz" , 300 ));
             Person p2 = MyUtil.clone(p1);   // 深度克隆
             p2.getCar().setBrand( "BYD" );
             // 修改克隆的Person對象p2關聯的汽車對象的品牌屬性
             // 原來的Person對象p1關聯的汽車不會受到任何影響
             // 由於在克隆Person對象時其關聯的汽車對象也被克隆了
             System.out.println(p1);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
}
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