該教程中，我將向你展現：如何在測試時設置spring boot 日誌級別。雖然咱們能夠在測試經過時忽略日誌，可是若是須要診斷失敗的測試，選擇正確的日誌級別是很是重要的。java

2.日誌級別的重要性

正確設置日誌級別能夠節省咱們許多時間。舉例來講，若是測試在CI服務器上失敗，但在開發服務器上時卻經過了。咱們將沒法診斷失敗的測試，除非有足夠的日誌輸出。爲了獲取正確數量的詳細信息，咱們能夠微調應用程序的日誌級別，若是發現某個java包對咱們的測試更加劇要，能夠給它一個更低的日誌級別，好比DEBUG。相似地，爲了不日誌中有太多幹擾，咱們能夠爲那些不過重要的包配置更高級別的日誌級別，例如INFO或者ERROR。一塊兒來探索設置日誌級別的各類方法吧！git

3. application.properties中的日誌設置

若是想要修改測試中的日誌級別，咱們能夠在src/test/resources/application.properties設置屬性：github

logging.level.com.baeldung.testloglevel=DEBUG

該屬性將會爲指定的包com.baeldung.testloglevel設置日誌級別。一樣地，咱們能夠經過設置root日誌等級，更改全部包的日誌級別web

logging.level.root=INFO

如今經過添加REST端點寫入日誌，來嘗試下日誌設置。spring

@RestController public class TestLogLevelController { private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestLogLevelController.class); @Autowired private OtherComponent otherComponent; @GetMapping("/testLogLevel") public String testLogLevel() { LOG.trace("This is a TRACE log"); LOG.debug("This is a DEBUG log"); LOG.info("This is an INFO log"); LOG.error("This is an ERROR log"); otherComponent.processData(); return "Added some log output to console..."; } }

正如所料，若是咱們在測試中調用這個端點，咱們將能夠看到來自TestLogLevelController的調試日誌。shell

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

這樣設置日誌級別十分簡單，若是測試用@SpringBootTest註解，那麼咱們確定應該這樣作。可是，若是不使用該註解，則必須以另外一種方式配置日誌級別。服務器

3.1 基於Profile的日誌設置

儘管將配置放在src\test\application.properties在大多數場景下好用，但在某些狀況下，咱們可能但願爲一個或一組測試設置不一樣的配置。在這種狀況下，咱們可使用@ActiveProfiles註解向測試添加一個Spring Profile:app

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT, classes = TestLogLevelApplication.class) @EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = SecurityAutoConfiguration.class) @ActiveProfiles("logging-test") public class TestLogLevelWithProfileIntegrationTest { // ... }

日誌設置將會存在src/test/resources目錄下的application-logging-test.properties中：spring-boot

logging.level.com.baeldung.testloglevel=TRACE
logging.level.root=ERROR

若是使用描述的設置調用TestLogLevelCcontroller，將看到controller中打印的TRACE級別日誌，而且不會看到其餘包出現INFO級別以上的日誌。學習

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

4.配置Logback

若是使用Spring Boot默認的Logback,能夠在src/test/resources目錄下的logback-text.xml文件中設置日誌級別：

<configuration>     <include resource="/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>     <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">         <encoder>             <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n             </pattern>         </encoder>     </appender>     <root level="error">         <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>     </root>     <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="debug"/> </configuration>

以上例子如何在測試中爲Logback配置日誌級別。 root日誌級別設置爲INFO，com.baeldung.testloglevel包的日誌級別設置爲DEBUG。再來一次，看看提交以上配置後的日誌輸出狀況

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

4.1 基於Profile配置Logback

另外一種配置指定Profile文件的方式就是在application.properties文件中設置logging.config屬性：

logging.config=classpath:logback-testloglevel.xml

或者，若是想在classpath只有一個的Logback配置，能夠在logbacl.xml使用springProfile屬性。

<configuration>     <include resource="/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml"/>     <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">         <encoder>             <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n             </pattern>         </encoder>     </appender>     <root level="error">         <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>     </root>     <springProfile name="logback-test1">         <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="info"/>     </springProfile>     <springProfile name="logback-test2">         <logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="trace"/>     </springProfile> </configuration>

如今使用logback-test1配置文件調用TestLogLevelController，將會得到以下輸出：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

另外一方面，若是更改配置爲logback-test2，輸出將變成以下：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

5.可選的Log4J

另外，若是咱們使用Log4J2，咱們能夠在src\main\resources目錄下的log4j2-spring.xml文件中配置日誌等級。

<Configuration>     <Appenders>         <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">             <PatternLayout                     pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />         </Console>     </Appenders>       <Loggers>         <Logger name="com.baeldung.testloglevel" level="debug" />           <Root level="info">             <AppenderRef ref="Console" />         </Root>     </Loggers> </Configuration>

咱們能夠經過application.properties中的logging.config屬性來設置Log4J 配置的路徑。

logging.config=classpath:log4j-testloglevel.xml

最後，查看使用以上配置後的輸出：

2019-04-01 14:08:27.545 DEBUG 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is a DEBUG log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.545  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an INFO log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.testloglevel.TestLogLevelController  : This is an ERROR log
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546  INFO 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an INFO log from another package
2019-04-01 14:08:27.546 ERROR 56585 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.b.component.OtherComponent  : This is an ERROR log from another package

6.結論

在本文中，咱們學習瞭如何在Spring Boot測試應用程序時設置日誌級別，並探索了許多不一樣的配置方法。在Spring Boot應用程序中使用application.properties設置日誌級別是最簡便的，尤爲是當咱們使用@SpringBootTest註解時。與往常同樣，這些示例的源代碼都在GitHub上。

原文連接：www.baeldung.com/spring-boot…

做者：baeldung

譯者：Leesen

Spring Boot 測試時的日誌級別