golang學習之go簡單博客應用

時間 2019-11-13

標籤 golang 學習簡單博客應用欄目 Go 简体版

原文原文鏈接

先說說golang的語法吧，我的以爲有如下特色：javascript

簡潔，無論是變量、方法聲明，仍是代碼編寫，均十分簡潔，效率也比較高
非純粹面向對象，可是go的struct相似c的struct，go的結構體還能夠進行struct的包含，被包含的struct的方法被外層struct共享
指針，方法傳參時能夠直接傳指針，相比傳值更加快速
接口，go中規定，若是一個對象（struct）實現了interface中的全部方法，那麼該struct便實現該接口
chan的定義，用來各個線程（有人叫協程，超輕量級）間的通訊，基本不用考慮死鎖等問題
默認大寫開頭的結構體、方法等爲public公有，小寫開頭爲private私有

go的特性還有不少，菜鳥就很少說了，下面是一個用go開發的博客應用，功能比較簡單，直接上菜：css

系統環境html

go版本：1.5rc1
系統：win7
數據庫：mongodb（使用mgo操做）
web框架：revel
樣式：bootstrap

頁面效果java

博客主頁：jquery

新建博客：git

聯繫：github

博客詳情：golang

界面差很少就是這樣，很簡單吧，下節筆記是博客新增部分，慢慢來。。。web

Header頁mongodb

<div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row-fluid">
        <div class="span12">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h3>基於Golang實現的博客應用iBlog</h3>
                <h4><small>數據庫採用mongodb（mgo）、頁面樣式使用bootstrap（佈局參考csdn）、總體實現採用Revel，Revel地址：<a href="http://revel.github.io/docs/godoc/index.html" target="_blank">http://revel.github.io/docs/godoc/index.html</a></small></h4>
                <h4><small>時間：2015.12.23</small></h4>           
            </div>
            <div class="navbar navbar-inverse" style="margin-top:1px;">
                <div class="navbar-inner">
                    <div class="container-fluid">
                        <a class="btn btn-navbar" data-target=".navbar-responsive-collapse" data-toggle="collapse"></a> <a class="brand" href="#">iBlog</a>
                        <div class="nav-collapse collapse navbar-responsive-collapse">
                            <ul class="nav">
                                <li class="{{.home}}">
                                    <a href="/">主頁</a>
                                </li>
                                <li class="{{.blog}}">
                                    <a href="/blog">新博客</a>
                                </li>
                                <li class="{{.contact}}">
                                    <a href="javascript:contact()">聯繫</a>
                                </li>
                            </ul>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

Footer頁

<script type="text/javascript">
    function contact(){
        jQuery.dialog({
            title: '關於我',
            content: '姓名：caiya928' + '<br/>' + '地址：陝西-西安' + '<br/>' + '博客：<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/caiya928" target="_blank">http://www.cnblogs.com/caiya928</a>'
        });
    }
</script>

項目結構

首頁頁面實現

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    {{set . "title" "iBlog博客"}}
    {{set . "home" "active" }}
    <title>{{.title}}</title>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    {{template "header.html" .}}
    <div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:0px;">
    <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:0px;margin-top:0px;">
    <div class="span12" margin-top="200px;">
    {{if .blogs}}
        {{range $blog := .blogs}}
            <div style="margin-left:0px;" class="span12">
                <ul class="thumbnails">
                    <li >
                       <div class="caption" >
                        <h3><a style="color:#000" href="/bloginfo/{{$blog.Id_}}/{{$blog.ReadCnt}}">{{$blog.GetTitle }}</a></h3>
                        <span class="label label-default">做者：{{$blog.Author}}</span>
                            <span class="label label-info">日期：{{$blog.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</span>
                         <span class="label label-success">閱讀：{{$blog.ReadCnt}}</span>
                         <p>{{$blog.GetContent}}</p>
                       </div>
                       </li>
                 </ul>           
            </div>
        {{end}}
    {{end}}
    </div>
    {{template "footer.html" .}}
  </body>
</html>

控制器層配置

# Routes
# This file defines all application routes (Higher priority routes first)
# ~~~~

module:testrunner

GET     /                                       App.Index
GET     /blog                                      App.Blog
GET     /bloginfo/:id/:rcnt                        App.BlogInfo                              
POST    /save                                   WBlog.Save
POST    /saveComment                            Comment.SaveComment
# Ignore favicon requests
GET     /favicon.ico                            404

# Map static resources from the /app/public folder to the /public path
GET     /public/*filepath                       Static.Serve("public")

# Catch all
*       /:controller/:action                    :controller.:action

頁面跳轉控制層App.go

package controllers

import (
    "github.com/revel/revel"
    "myapp/app/modules"
)

type App struct {
    *revel.Controller
}

func (c App) Index() revel.Result {
    dao, err := modules.Conn()
    if err != nil {
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.RenderError(err)
    }
    defer dao.Close()
    blogs := dao.FindBlogs()
    return c.Render(blogs)
}

func (c App) Blog() revel.Result {
    return c.Render()
}

func (c App) BlogInfo(id string, rcnt int) revel.Result {
    dao, err := modules.Conn()
    if err != nil {
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.RenderError(err)
    }
    defer dao.Close()
    blog := dao.GetBlogFromId(id)
    if blog.ReadCnt == rcnt {
        blog.ReadCnt = rcnt + 1
        dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog)
    }
    comments := dao.GetCommentsFromBlogId(blog.Id_)
    blog.CommentCnt = len(comments)
    dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog)
    return c.Render(blog, rcnt, comments)
}

數據庫Dao層

package modules

import (
    "gopkg.in/mgo.v2"
)

const (
    CommentCollection = "comment"
    DbName            = "blog"
    UserCollection    = "user"
    BlogCollection    = "blog"
    MessageCollection    = "message"
)

type Dao struct {
    session *mgo.Session
}

func Conn() (*Dao, error) {
    session, err := mgo.Dial("localhost")
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    return &Dao{session}, nil
}

func (dao *Dao) Close() {
    dao.session.Close()
}

新增博客頁面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    {{set . "title" "新博客"}}
    {{set . "blog" "active"}}
    <title>{{.title}}</title>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    {{template "header.html" .}} 
    <div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:0px;">
        <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:5px;margin-top:0px;">
            <div class="row-fluid" style="margin-left:5px;margin:0px auto;border:0px;">
                <div class="span12" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;">
                    <form action="/save" method="post">
                      <div class="form-group">
                        <h4>標題</h4>
                        {{with $field := field "blog.Title" .}}
                        <input type="text" id="{{$field.Id}}" style="width:40%" class="form-control" name="{{$field.Name}}" placeholder="請輸入您的博客標題" value="{{$field.Flash}}" >
                        <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span>
                        {{end}}  
                      </div>
                      <div class="form-group">
                        <h4>內容</h4>
                        {{with $field := field "blog.Content" .}}
                        <textarea class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}" rows="6" style="width:60%" placeholder="請輸入您的博客內容">{{$field.Flash}}</textarea>
                        <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span>
                        {{end}}  
                      </div>
                      <div class="form-group" style="margin-left:57%">
                          <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">提交</button>
                      </div>
                    </form>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
 </body>
</html>
{{template "footer.html" .}}

博客模型層

package modules

import (
    "github.com/revel/revel"
    "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson"
    "time"
)

type Blog struct {
    Id_        string `bson:"_id"`
    CDate      time.Time
    Title      string
    Content    string
    ReadCnt    int
    Year       int
    Author     string
    CommentCnt int
}

//新建博客
func (dao *Dao) CreateBlog(blog *Blog) error {
    BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection)
    blog.CDate = time.Now()
    blog.Year = blog.CDate.Year()
    blog.ReadCnt = 0
    blog.CDate = time.Now()
    blog.Id_ = bson.NewObjectId().Hex()
    blog.Author = "匿名"
    blog.Year = blog.CDate.Year()
    err := BlogCollection.Insert(blog) //先根據Id查找，而後更新或插入
    if err != nil {
        revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to save blog:%v error % v", blog, err)
    }
    return err
}

//獲取Title
func (blog *Blog) GetTitle() string {
    if len(blog.Title) > 100 {
        return blog.Title[:100]
    }
    return blog.Title
}

//獲取Content
func (blog *Blog) GetContent() string {
    if len(blog.Content) > 500 {
        return blog.Content[:500]
    }
    return blog.Content
}

//查詢全部博客
func (dao *Dao) FindBlogs() []Blog {
    BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection)
    blogs := []Blog{}
    query := BlogCollection.Find(bson.M{}).Sort("-cdate").Limit(50) //結果根據cdate倒序
    query.All(&blogs)
    return blogs
}

//前臺數據提交校驗
func (blog *Blog) Validate(v *revel.Validation) {
    v.Check(blog.Title, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1}, revel.MaxSize{200})
    v.Check(blog.Content, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1})
}

//根據id查詢Blog對象
func (dao *Dao) GetBlogFromId(id string) *Blog {
    BlogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection)
    blog := new(Blog)
    query := BlogCollection.Find(bson.M{"_id": id})
    query.One(blog)
    return blog
}

func (dao *Dao) UpdateBlogById(id string, blog *Blog) {
    blogCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(BlogCollection)
    err := blogCollection.Update(bson.M{"_id": id}, blog)
    if err != nil {
        revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to update blog: %v error %v", blog, err)
    }
}

博客Action層

package controllers

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/revel/revel"
    "myapp/app/modules"
    "strings"
)

type WBlog struct {
    App //結構體包含
}

func (c WBlog) Save(blog *modules.Blog) revel.Result {
    blog.Title = strings.TrimSpace(blog.Title)
    blog.Content = strings.TrimSpace(blog.Content)
    blog.Validate(c.Validation)
    if c.Validation.HasErrors() {
        c.Validation.Keep()
        c.FlashParams()
        fmt.Println(c.Validation)
        return c.Redirect(App.Blog)
    }
    dao, err := modules.Conn()
    if err != nil {
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.RenderError(err)
    }
    defer dao.Close()
    err = dao.CreateBlog(blog)
    if err != nil {
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.RenderError(err)
    }
    return c.Redirect(App.Index)
}

博客詳情頁

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    {{set . "title" "博客詳情"}}
    {{set . "home" "active" }}
    <title>{{.title}}</title>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="/public/img/favicon.png">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/css/header.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-responsive.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link href="/public/bootstrap/css/jquery-confirm.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <script src="/public/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
    <script src="/public/bootstrap/js/jquery-confirm.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    {{template "header.html" .}}
    <div style="margin-left:5px;" class="span12">
        {{if .blog}}
        <div class="content" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;">
            <ul class="thumbnails">
                <li>
                    <div class="caption" >
                         <h3>{{.blog.Title}}</h3>
                         <span class="label label-default">做者：{{.blog.Author}}</span>
                           <span class="label label-info">日期：{{.blog.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04"}}</span>
                         <span class="label label-success">閱讀：{{.blog.ReadCnt}}</span>
                    </div>
                   </li>
            </ul> 
            <p>{{.blog.Content}}</p>
        </div>
        <div class="comment" style="margin-top:20px;">
            {{if .comments}}
                <div class="comments" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;">
                    <h4>回覆</h4>
                    <hr>
                    <dl class="the-comments">
                       {{range $index,$comment := .comments}}
                      <dd >
                        <span class="label label-default pull-right">#{{pls $index 1}}</span>
                        <div class="user-info" style="margin-top:15px;">
                          <a href="#"><strong>{{$comment.Email}}</strong></a>
                          <span style="margin-left:10px;" class="label label-default">日期：{{$comment.CDate.Format "2006-01-02 15:04" }}</span>
                        </div>
                        <div class="user-comment" style="margin-top:15px;">
                          <p>{{$comment.Content}}</p>
                        </div>
                      </dd>
                      {{end}}
                    </dl>
                </div>
            {{end}}
        </div>
        <div class="comments" style="border:1px solid #ccc;border-radius: 5px;padding:10px;margin-top:20px;">
            <div class="comment-form">
              <form action="/saveComment" method="post">
                <input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{.blog.Id_}}">
                <input type="hidden" name="rcnt" value="{{.rcnt}}">
                <div class="form-group">
                  <h4>郵箱</h4>
                  {{with $field := field "comment.Email" .}}
                  <input style="width:50%" type="email" class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}"  placeholder="請輸入您的聯繫方式" required value="{{if $field.Flash}}{{$field.Flash}}{{else}}{{$field.Value}}{{end}}">
                  <span class="help-inline erro">{{$field.Error}}</span>
                  {{end}}
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                  <h4>評論</h4>
                  {{with $field := field "comment.Content" .}}
                  <textarea style="width:70%" class="form-control" id="{{$field.Id}}" name="{{$field.Name}}" rows="6" placeholder="請輸入您的回覆" required >{{if $field.Flash}}{{$field.Flash}}{{else}}{{$field.Value}}{{end}}</textarea>
                  {{end}}
                </div>
                <div class="form-group">
                  <button type="submit" style="margin-left:66.5%" class="btn btn-success">提交</button>
                </div>
              </form>
            </div>
        </div>
        {{end}}
    {{template "footer.html" .}}
  </body>
</html>

評論功能Dao層

package modules

import (
    "github.com/revel/revel"
    "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson"
    "time"
)

type Comment struct {
    Id_     string `bson:"_id"`
    BlogId  string
    Email   string
    CDate   time.Time
    Content string
}

func (comment *Comment) Validate(v *revel.Validation) {
    v.Check(comment.Email, revel.Required{}, revel.MaxSize{50})
    v.Check(comment.Content, revel.Required{}, revel.MinSize{1}, revel.MaxSize{200})
}

func (dao *Dao) InsertComment(comment *Comment) error {
    commentCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(CommentCollection)
    comment.CDate = time.Now()
    err := commentCollection.Insert(comment)
    if err != nil {
        revel.WARN.Printf("Unable to save Comment: %v error %v", comment, err)
    }
    return err
}

func (dao *Dao) GetCommentsFromBlogId(id string) []Comment {
    commentCollection := dao.session.DB(DbName).C(CommentCollection)
    comments := []Comment{}
    query := commentCollection.Find(bson.M{"blogid": id}).Sort("CDate")
    query.All(&comments)
    return comments
}

評論功能Action層

package controllers

import (
    "github.com/revel/revel"
    "gopkg.in/mgo.v2/bson"
    "myapp/app/modules"
    "strings"
)

type Comment struct {
    App
}

//保存評論
func (c Comment) SaveComment(id string, rcnt int, comment *modules.Comment) revel.Result {
    if len(id) == 0 {
        return c.Redirect("/")
    }
    dao, err := modules.Conn()
    if err != nil { //若是報錯
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.Redirect("/")
    }
    defer dao.Close()
    blog := dao.GetBlogFromId(id)
    if blog == nil {
        return c.Redirect("/")
    }
    comment.Id_ = bson.NewObjectId().Hex()
    comment.BlogId = blog.Id_
    comment.Content = strings.TrimSpace(comment.Content)
    comment.Email = strings.TrimSpace(comment.Email)
    comment.Validate(c.Validation)
    if c.Validation.HasErrors() {
        c.Validation.Keep()
        c.FlashParams()
        c.Flash.Error("Errs:The email and the content should not be null,or the maxsize of email is 50.")
        return c.Redirect("/bloginfo/%s/%d", id, rcnt)
    }
    err = dao.InsertComment(comment)
    if err != nil {
        c.Response.Status = 500
        return c.RenderError(err)
    }
    blog.CommentCnt++
    dao.UpdateBlogById(id, blog)
    return c.Redirect("/")
}

init.go初始化加載文件

package app

import "github.com/revel/revel"

func init() {

    revel.TemplateFuncs["pls"] = func(a, b int) int {
        return a + b
    }
    // Filters is the default set of global filters.
    revel.Filters = []revel.Filter{
        revel.PanicFilter,             // Recover from panics and display an error page instead.
        revel.RouterFilter,            // Use the routing table to select the right Action
        revel.FilterConfiguringFilter, // A hook for adding or removing per-Action filters.
        revel.ParamsFilter,            // Parse parameters into Controller.Params.
        revel.SessionFilter,           // Restore and write the session cookie.
        revel.FlashFilter,             // Restore and write the flash cookie.
        revel.ValidationFilter,        // Restore kept validation errors and save new ones from cookie.
        revel.I18nFilter,              // Resolve the requested language
        HeaderFilter,                  // Add some security based headers
        revel.InterceptorFilter,       // Run interceptors around the action.
        revel.CompressFilter,          // Compress the result.
        revel.ActionInvoker,           // Invoke the action.
    }

    // register startup functions with OnAppStart
    // ( order dependent )
    // revel.OnAppStart(InitDB)
    // revel.OnAppStart(FillCache)
}

// TODO turn this into revel.HeaderFilter
// should probably also have a filter for CSRF
// not sure if it can go in the same filter or not
var HeaderFilter = func(c *revel.Controller, fc []revel.Filter) {
    // Add some common security headers
    c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-Frame-Options", "SAMEORIGIN")
    c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-XSS-Protection", "1; mode=block")
    c.Response.Out.Header().Add("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")

    fc[0](c, fc[1:]) // Execute the next filter stage.
}

footer.css樣式

.mbox dl dd{
    margin-top:4px;
}

header.css

.page-header{
    margin-top:2px;
    margin-bottom:15px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;
}

body{
    line-height:30px;
    font-size: 16px;
    padding:5px;
    margin:5px;
    font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; */
}

li {
    line-height: 30px;
}

.navbar .nav > li > a {
    float: none;
    padding: 15px 30px;
    color: #777;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-shadow: 0 0px 0 #ffffff;
}
.nav{
    margin:0px;
}

.span12{
    padding:0 5px;
}

.brand{
    padding:0;
    margin-top:5px;
    font-size:10px;
}

.container-fluid{
    padding:1px;
}

.form-search{
    margin-top:11px;
}