【Android筆記】listview加載性能優化及有多種listitem佈局處理方式

在android開發中Listview是一個很重要的組件,它以列表的形式根據數據的長自適應展現具體內容。php

用戶能夠自由的定義listview每一列的佈局,但當listview有大量的數據須要加載的時候,會佔據大量內存,影響性能,這時候就須要按需填充並從新使用view來減小對象的建立。android

 

ListView加載數據都是在緩存

1 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
2 
3   。。。。。。
4 
5 }

方法中進行的(要自定義listview都須要重寫listadapter:如 BaseAdapter,SimpleAdapter,CursorAdapter的等的getvView方法),性能優化

優化listview的加載速度就要讓 convertView匹配列表類型,並最大程度上的從新使用convertViewide

 

其中,getview的加載方法通常有如下三種加載方式:佈局

一、最慢的加載方式是每一次都從新定義一個View載入佈局,再加載數據性能

 1  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 2 
 3      View item = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text, null);
 4 
 5      ((TextView) item.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(DATA[position]);
 6 
 7      ((ImageView) item.findViewById(R.id.icon)).setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2);
 8 
 9      return item;
10 
11 }

 

二、正確的加載方式是當convertView不爲空的時候直接從新使用convertView從而減小了不少沒必要要的View的建立,而後加載數據優化

 1  public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 2 
 3      if (convertView == null) {
 4 
 5          convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item, parent, false);
 6 
 7      }
 8 
 9      ((TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text)).setText(DATA[position]);
10 
11      ((ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon)).setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 : mIcon2);
12 
13  
14 15 return convertView; 16 17 }

三、最快的方式是定義一個ViewHolder,將convetView的tag設置爲ViewHolder,不爲空時從新使用便可google

 1 static class ViewHolder {
 2 
 3     TextView text;
 4 
 5     ImageView icon;
 6 
 7 }
 8 
 9  
10 
11 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
12 
13     ViewHolder holder;
14 
15     if (convertView == null) {
16 
17     convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_item_icon_text,parent, false);
18 
19     holder = new ViewHolder();
20 
21     holder.text = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
22 
23     holder.icon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.icon);
24 
25     convertView.setTag(holder);
26 
27 } else {
28 
29     holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
30 
31 }
32 
33     holder.text.setText(DATA[position]);
34 
35     holder.icon.setImageBitmap((position & 1) == 1 ? mIcon1 :mIcon2);
36 
37     return convertView;
38 
39 }

三種方式加載效率對好比下圖所示:spa

說明:上述三個例子代碼摘自google 2010 I/O大會

 

當處理一些耗時的資源加載的時候須要作到如下幾點,以使你的加載更快更平滑:

1.   適配器在界面主線程中進行修改

2.   能夠在任何地方獲取數據但應該在另一個地方請求數據

3.   在主界面的線程中提交適配器的變化並調用notifyDataSetChanged()方法

 

===============================分割線=========================================

 

那麼若是存在多個item樣式如何處理呢??

大體思路就是建立多個viewholder,在getViewType的時候設置不一樣位置的item用不一樣的viewholder

如下直接上代碼:

  1 class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
  2 
  3     Context mContext;
  4     LinearLayout linearLayout = null;
  5     LayoutInflater inflater;
  6     TextView tex;
  7     final int VIEW_TYPE = 3;
  8     final int TYPE_1 = 0;
  9     final int TYPE_2 = 1;
 10     final int TYPE_3 = 2;
 11 
 12     //各個佈局的控件資源
 13     class viewHolder1{
 14         CheckBox checkBox;
 15         TextView textView;
 16     }
 17     class viewHolder2{
 18         TextView textView;
 19     }
 20     class viewHolder3{
 21         ImageView imageView;
 22         TextView textView;
 23     }
 24 
 25     public MyAdapter(Context context) {
 26         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
 27         mContext = context;
 28         inflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);
 29     }
 30 
 31     @Override
 32     public int getCount() {
 33         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 34         return listString.size();
 35     }
 36 
 37     //每一個convert view都會調用此方法,得到當前所須要的view樣式
 38     @Override
 39     public int getItemViewType(int position) {
 40         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 41         int p = position%6;
 42         if(p == 0)
 43         return TYPE_1;
 44         else if(p < 3)
 45             return TYPE_2;
 46         else if(p < 6)
 47             return TYPE_3;
 48         else
 49             return TYPE_1;
 50     }
 51     
 52     //返回樣式的數量
 53     @Override
 54     public int getViewTypeCount() {
 55         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 56         return 3;
 57     }
 58 
 59     @Override
 60     public Object getItem(int arg0) {
 61         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 62         return listString.get(arg0);
 63     }
 64 
 65     @Override
 66     public long getItemId(int position) {
 67         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 68         return position;
 69     }
 70 
 71     @Override
 72     public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 73         // TODO Auto-generated method stub
 74         viewHolder1 holder1 = null;
 75         viewHolder2 holder2 = null;
 76         viewHolder3 holder3 = null;
 77         int type = getItemViewType(position);
 78 
 79 
 80     //無convertView,須要new出各個控件
 81     if(convertView == null)
 82     { 
 83         Log.e("convertView = ", " NULL");
 84 
 85     //按當前所需的樣式,肯定new的佈局
 86     switch(type)
 87     {
 88     case TYPE_1:
 89     convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem1, parent, false);
 90     holder1 = new viewHolder1();
 91     holder1.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview1);
 92     holder1.checkBox = (CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.checkbox);
 93     Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_1");
 94     convertView.setTag(holder1);
 95     break;
 96     case TYPE_2:
 97     convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem2, parent, false);
 98     holder2 = new viewHolder2();
 99     holder2.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview2);
100     Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_2");
101     convertView.setTag(holder2);
102     break;
103     case TYPE_3:
104     convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.listitem3, parent, false);
105     holder3 = new viewHolder3();
106     holder3.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textview3);
107     holder3.imageView =     (ImageView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageview);
108     Log.e("convertView = ", "NULL TYPE_3");
109     convertView.setTag(holder3);
110     break;
111     }
112     }
113     else
114     {
115     //有convertView,按樣式,取得不用的佈局
116     switch(type)
117     {
118     case TYPE_1:
119     holder1 = (viewHolder1) convertView.getTag();
120     Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_1");
121     break;
122     case TYPE_2:
123     holder2 = (viewHolder2) convertView.getTag();
124     Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_2");
125     break;
126     case TYPE_3:
127     holder3 = (viewHolder3) convertView.getTag();
128     Log.e("convertView !!!!!!= ", "NULL TYPE_3");
129     break;
130     }
131     }
132 
133     //設置資源
134     switch(type)
135     {
136     case TYPE_1:
137     holder1.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position));
138     holder1.checkBox.setChecked(true);
139     break;
140     case TYPE_2:
141     holder2.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position));
142     break;
143     case TYPE_3:
144     holder3.textView.setText(Integer.toString(position));
145     holder3.imageView.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.icon);
146     break;
147     }
148 
149 
150     return convertView;
151     }
152 
153 }    


參考原文:listview加載性能優化ViewHolder

參考原文:listView中多個listItem佈局時,convertView緩存及使用

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