在Eclipse中配置Struts2

下面介紹在Eclipse中配置Struts2的過程:html

1、下載Struts2,由於Struts2是開源的,百度或者google一下就能夠找到下載地址。我下載的是struts-2.3.1.2版本 的,解壓以後入下圖:java



apps目錄:Struts2的範例web

docs目錄:Struts2的文檔apache

lib目錄:Struts2的類庫瀏覽器

src目錄:關於Struts2的一些資源tomcat

2、如今是利用apps中的範例實現一個helloworld的action,在apps目錄下有幾個war文件,以下圖:服務器



 

這幾個文件能夠用WinRAR打開,我用好壓打開struts2-blank.war以後,以下圖app



 

在WEB-INF目錄下打開classes目錄,找到struts.xml文件,以下圖jsp



 

將struts.xml文件複製到Eclipse新建工程的src目錄下,在個人工程中以下圖:學習



 

3、如上面所示,在WEB-INF目錄下打開lib目錄,以下圖:



 打開以後會有如上圖的jar包,爲保險起見,將全部的jar包複製到新建工程的lib目錄下,在個人工程中以下圖:



 

4、返回到WEB-INF目錄下,找到web.xml文件並打開,打開以後會看到有以下代碼:

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  

  2. <web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">  

  3.   

  4.     <display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>  

  5.   

  6.     <filter>  

  7.         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  

  8.         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  

  9.     </filter>  

  10.   

  11.     <filter-mapping>  

  12.         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  

  13.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  

  14.     </filter-mapping>  

  15.   

  16.     <welcome-file-list>  

  17.         <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  

  18.     </welcome-file-list>  

  19.   

  20. </web-app>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

 將其中<filter></filter>和<filter-mapping></filter-mapping>元素複製到Eclipse新建工程的web.xml文件中,個人web.xml文件以下所示:

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  

  2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  

  3.   <display-name>Structs0317</display-name>  

  4.   <welcome-file-list>  

  5.     <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>  

  6.     <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>  

  7.     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  

  8.     <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>  

  9.     <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>  

  10.     <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>  

  11.   </welcome-file-list>  

  12.    <filter>  

  13.         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  

  14.         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>  

  15.     </filter>  

  16.   

  17.     <filter-mapping>  

  18.         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>  

  19.         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  

  20.     </filter-mapping>  

  21. </web-app>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>Structs0317</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
   <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

 

5、在Eclipse中打開復制來的struts.xml文件,將文件中<struts>和</struts>之間的內容註釋掉,並添加以下所示的代碼:

  1. <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">  

  2.   

  3.         <action name="hello">  

  4.             <result>  

  5.                 /Hello.jsp   

  6.             </result>  

  7.         </action>  

  8.     </package>  

<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

        <action name="hello">
            <result>
                /Hello.jsp
            </result>
        </action>
    </package>

 

6、在Ecplise中新建一個Hello.jsp文件,在<body>標籤之間寫以下代碼:

     

  1. Hello Struts2<br>  

Hello Struts2<br>

 

而後啓動Tomcat服務器,在IE瀏覽器中輸入http://localhost:8080/Structs0317會發現出現以下錯誤:

  1. There is no Action mapped for namespace [/] and action name [] associated with context path [/Structs0317]. - [unknown location]   

  2.     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:185)   

  3.     at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)   

  4.     at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:39)   

  5.     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)   

  6.     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:500)   

  7.     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)   

  8.     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)   

  9.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)   

  10.     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)   

  11.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)   

  12.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)   

  13.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)   

  14.     at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)   

  15.     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)   

  16.     at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)   

  17.     at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)   

  18.     at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)   

  19.     at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)   

  20.     at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)  

There is no Action mapped for namespace [/] and action name [] associated with context path [/Structs0317]. - [unknown location]
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxy.prepare(DefaultActionProxy.java:185)
	at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.prepare(StrutsActionProxy.java:63)
	at org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(StrutsActionProxyFactory.java:39)
	at com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionProxyFactory.createActionProxy(DefaultActionProxyFactory.java:58)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:500)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.ExecuteOperations.executeAction(ExecuteOperations.java:77)
	at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.doFilter(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:91)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:235)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:230)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:175)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:128)
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:104)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:261)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:844)
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.process(Http11Protocol.java:581)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$Worker.run(JIoEndpoint.java:447)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)

 

其實正確的輸入是http://localhost:8080/Structs0317/hello或者http://localhost:8080/Structs0317/hello.action  訪問到的Hello.jsp以下圖所示:



 

 

OK,至此全部的配置都配置好了,接下來就能夠好好的去玩Struts2了。在這裏還想再談一點感覺就是,遇到新的東西首先是先拿去 用,等會用了在好好研究它的原理和細枝末節,就像別人給你一把槍同樣,你不會一拿到槍就把它拆開來研究它的內部構造,而是直接拿去用,會用了,以爲這東西 有意思了,再好好去研究的內部結構甚至是仿製出一把出來。這也是我之前所沒有意識到的,但願從此改進,好好學習,每天向上。

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