封裝一個類搞定90%安卓客戶端與服務器端交互

本實例封裝了一個處理安卓客戶端與服務器端交互的幾個方法,對於中文亂碼問題本實例也找到了解決方案.本例能夠處理的場景以下:

1.與服務器端交互json數據.

2.Get方式與服務器端交互數據.

3.Post方式與服務器端交互數據.

4.HttpClient方式與服務器端交互數據.

5.上傳文件到服務器端.

6.從服務器端下載文件.

7.從服務器端讀取文本文件.

實例截圖:

本篇文章將實例代碼完整貼出,但願以本文做爲一個交流的平臺,你們集思廣益封裝出更好的處理類.交流地址: http://blog.csdn.net/lk_blog/article/details/7706348#comments

客戶端的封裝類NetTool.java:

 package com.tgb.lk.demo.util;

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileOutputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.net.URLEncoder;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;

 import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
 import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
 import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
 import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
 import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

 import android.os.Environment;

 /**
  * NetTool:封裝一個類搞定90%安卓客戶端與服務器端交互
  *
  * @author 李坤 五期信息技術提升班
  */
 public class NetTool {
     private static final int TIMEOUT = 10000;// 10秒

     /**
      * 傳送文本,例如Json,xml等
      */
     public static String sendTxt(String urlPath, String txt, String encoding)
             throws Exception {
         byte[] sendData = txt.getBytes();
         URL url = new URL(urlPath);
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
         conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
         // 若是經過post提交數據，必須設置容許對外輸出數據
         conn.setDoOutput(true);
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
         conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
                 .valueOf(sendData.length));
         OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
         outStream.write(sendData);
         outStream.flush();
         outStream.close();
         if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
             // 得到服務器響應的數據
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
                     .getInputStream(), encoding));
             // 數據
             String retData = null;
             String responseData = "";
             while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
                 responseData += retData;
             }
             in.close();
             return responseData;
         }
         return "sendText error!";
     }

     /**
      * 上傳文件
      */
     public static String sendFile(String urlPath, String filePath,
             String newName) throws Exception {
         String end = "\r\n";
         String twoHyphens = "--";
         String boundary = "*****";

         URL url = new URL(urlPath);
         HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
         /* 容許Input、Output，不使用Cache */
         con.setDoInput(true);
         con.setDoOutput(true);
         con.setUseCaches(false);
         /* 設置傳送的method=POST */
         con.setRequestMethod("POST");
         /* setRequestProperty */

         con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
         con.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
         con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data;boundary="
                 + boundary);
         /* 設置DataOutputStream */
         DataOutputStream ds = new DataOutputStream(con.getOutputStream());
         ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
         ds.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; "
                 + "name=\"file1\";filename=\"" + newName + "\"" + end);
         ds.writeBytes(end);

         /* 取得文件的FileInputStream */
         FileInputStream fStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
         /* 設置每次寫入1024bytes */
         int bufferSize = 1024;
         byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];

         int length = -1;
         /* 從文件讀取數據至緩衝區 */
         while ((length = fStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
             /* 將資料寫入DataOutputStream中 */
             ds.write(buffer, 0, length);
         }
         ds.writeBytes(end);
         ds.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);

         /* close streams */
         fStream.close();
         ds.flush();

         /* 取得Response內容 */
         InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
         int ch;
         StringBuffer b = new StringBuffer();
         while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
             b.append((char) ch);
         }
         /* 關閉DataOutputStream */
         ds.close();
         return b.toString();
     }

     /**
      * 經過get方式提交參數給服務器
      */
     public static String sendGetRequest(String urlPath,
             Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {

         // 使用StringBuilder對象
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(urlPath);
         sb.append('?');

         // 迭代Map
         for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
             sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
                     URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append('&');
         }
         sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
         // 打開連接
         URL url = new URL(sb.toString());
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
         conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
         conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
         // 若是請求響應碼是200，則表示成功
         if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
             // 得到服務器響應的數據
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
                     .getInputStream(), encoding));
             // 數據
             String retData = null;
             String responseData = "";
             while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
                 responseData += retData;
             }
             in.close();
             return responseData;
         }
         return "sendGetRequest error!";

     }

     /**
      * 經過Post方式提交參數給服務器,也能夠用來傳送json或xml文件
      */
     public static String sendPostRequest(String urlPath,
             Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
         // 若是參數不爲空
         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                 // Post方式提交參數的話，不能省略內容類型與長度
                 sb.append(entry.getKey()).append('=').append(
                         URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), encoding)).append(
                         '&');
             }
             sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length() - 1);
         }
         // 獲得實體的二進制數據
         byte[] entitydata = sb.toString().getBytes();
         URL url = new URL(urlPath);
         HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
         conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
         conn.setConnectTimeout(TIMEOUT);
         // 若是經過post提交數據，必須設置容許對外輸出數據
         conn.setDoOutput(true);
         // 這裏只設置內容類型與內容長度的頭字段
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
                 "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
         // conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml");
         conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", encoding);
         conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String
                 .valueOf(entitydata.length));
         OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
         // 把實體數據寫入是輸出流
         outStream.write(entitydata);
         // 內存中的數據刷入
         outStream.flush();
         outStream.close();
         // 若是請求響應碼是200，則表示成功
         if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
             // 得到服務器響應的數據
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn
                     .getInputStream(), encoding));
             // 數據
             String retData = null;
             String responseData = "";
             while ((retData = in.readLine()) != null) {
                 responseData += retData;
             }
             in.close();
             return responseData;
         }
         return "sendText error!";
     }

     /**
      * 在趕上HTTPS安全模式或者操做cookie的時候使用HTTPclient會方便不少 使用HTTPClient（開源項目）向服務器提交參數
      */
     public static String sendHttpClientPost(String urlPath,
             Map<String, String> params, String encoding) throws Exception {
         // 須要把參數放到NameValuePair
         List<NameValuePair> paramPairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
         if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
             for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                 paramPairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry
                         .getValue()));
             }
         }
         // 對請求參數進行編碼，獲得實體數據
         UrlEncodedFormEntity entitydata = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramPairs,
                 encoding);
         // 構造一個請求路徑
         HttpPost post = new HttpPost(urlPath);
         // 設置請求實體
         post.setEntity(entitydata);
         // 瀏覽器對象
         DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
         // 執行post請求
         HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
         // 從狀態行中獲取狀態碼，判斷響應碼是否符合要求
         if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
             HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
             InputStream inputStream = entity.getContent();
             InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(
                     inputStream, encoding);
             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);// 讀字符串用的。
             String s;
             String responseData = "";
             while (((s = reader.readLine()) != null)) {
                 responseData += s;
             }
             reader.close();// 關閉輸入流
             return responseData;
         }
         return "sendHttpClientPost error!";
     }

     /**
      * 根據URL直接讀文件內容，前提是這個文件當中的內容是文本，函數的返回值就是文件當中的內容
      */
     public static String readTxtFile(String urlStr, String encoding)
             throws Exception {
         StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
         String line = null;
         BufferedReader buffer = null;
         try {
             // 建立一個URL對象
             URL url = new URL(urlStr);
             // 建立一個Http鏈接
             HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url
                     .openConnection();
             // 使用IO流讀取數據
             buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConn
                     .getInputStream(), encoding));
             while ((line = buffer.readLine()) != null) {
                 sb.append(line);
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw e;
         } finally {
             try {
                 buffer.close();
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }
         return sb.toString();
     }

     /**
      * 該函數返回整形 -1：表明下載文件出錯 0：表明下載文件成功 1：表明文件已經存在
      */
     public static int downloadFile(String urlStr, String path, String fileName)
             throws Exception {
         InputStream inputStream = null;
         try {
             inputStream = getInputStreamFromUrl(urlStr);
             File resultFile = write2SDFromInput(path, fileName, inputStream);
             if (resultFile == null) {
                 return -1;
             }

         } catch (Exception e) {
             return -1;
         } finally {
             try {
                 inputStream.close();
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 throw e;
             }
         }
         return 0;
     }

     /**
      * 根據URL獲得輸入流
      *
      * @param urlStr
      * @return
      * @throws MalformedURLException
      * @throws IOException
      */
     public static InputStream getInputStreamFromUrl(String urlStr)
             throws MalformedURLException, IOException {
         URL url = new URL(urlStr);
         HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
         InputStream inputStream = urlConn.getInputStream();
         return inputStream;
     }

     /**
      * 將一個InputStream裏面的數據寫入到SD卡中
      */
     private static File write2SDFromInput(String directory, String fileName,
             InputStream input) {
         File file = null;
         String SDPATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString();
         FileOutputStream output = null;
         File dir = new File(SDPATH + directory);
         if (!dir.exists()) {
             dir.mkdir();
         }
         try {
             file = new File(dir + File.separator + fileName);
             file.createNewFile();
             output = new FileOutputStream(file);
             byte buffer[] = new byte[1024];
             while ((input.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                 output.write(buffer);
             }
             output.flush();
         } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         } finally {
             try {
                 output.close();
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
             }
         }
         return file;
     }
 }

客戶端main.xml:

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:id="@+id/tvData"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="數據" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnTxt"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="與服務器端交互Json數據" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnGet"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="Get方式與服務器端交互數據" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnPost"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="Post方式與服務器端交互數據" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnHttpClient"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="HttpClient方式與服務器端交互數據" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnUploadFile"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="上傳文件到服務器端" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnDownloadFile"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="從服務器端下載文件" />

     <Button
         android:id="@+id/btnReadTxtFile"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:text="從服務器端讀取文本文件" />

 </LinearLayout>

客戶端AppClientActivity.java:

 package com.tgb.lk.demo.appclient;

 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;

 import com.google.gson.Gson;
 import com.tgb.lk.demo.model.Student;
 import com.tgb.lk.demo.util.NetTool;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;
 import android.widget.TextView;

 public class AppClientActivity extends Activity {
     private TextView tvData = null;
     private Button btnTxt = null;
     private Button btnGet = null;
     private Button btnPost = null;
     private Button btnHttpClient = null;
     private Button btnUploadFile = null;
     private Button btnReadTxtFile = null;
     private Button btnDownloadFile = null;

     //須要將下面的IP改成服務器端IP
     private String txtUrl = "http://192.168.1.46:8080/AppServer/SynTxtDataServlet";
     private String url = "http://192.168.1.46:8080/AppServer/SynDataServlet";
     private String uploadUrl = "http://192.168.1.46:8080/AppServer/UploadFileServlet";
     private String fileUrl = "http://192.168.1.46:8080/AppServer/file.jpg";
     private String txtFileUrl = "http://192.168.1.46:8080/AppServer/txtFile.txt";

     @Override
     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.main);

         tvData = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvData);
         btnTxt = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnTxt);
         btnGet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnGet);
         btnPost = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnPost);
         btnHttpClient = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnHttpClient);
         btnUploadFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnUploadFile);
         btnReadTxtFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnReadTxtFile);
         btnDownloadFile = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnDownloadFile);

         btnTxt.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnGet.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnPost.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnHttpClient.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnUploadFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnReadTxtFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);
         btnDownloadFile.setOnClickListener(btnListener);

     }

     OnClickListener btnListener = new OnClickListener() {
         String retStr = "";

         @Override
         public void onClick(View v) {
             switch (v.getId()) {
             case R.id.btnTxt:
                 Student student = new Student();
                 student.setId(1);
                 student.setName("李坤");
                 student.setClasses("五期信息技術提升班");
                 Gson gson = new Gson();
                 String jsonTxt = gson.toJson(student);
                 try {
                     retStr = NetTool.sendTxt(txtUrl, jsonTxt,"UTF-8");
                 } catch (Exception e2) {
                     e2.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnGet:
                 Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
                 map.put("name", "李坤");
                 map.put("age", "26");
                 map.put("classes", "五期信息技術提升班");
                 try {
                     retStr = NetTool.sendGetRequest(url, map, "utf-8");
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnPost:
                 Map<String, String> map2 = new HashMap<String, String>();
                 map2.put("name", "李坤");
                 map2.put("age", "26");
                 map2.put("classes", "五期信息技術提升班");
                 try {
                     retStr = NetTool.sendPostRequest(url, map2, "utf-8");
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnHttpClient:
                 Map<String, String> map3 = new HashMap<String, String>();
                 map3.put("name", "李坤");
                 map3.put("age", "26");
                 map3.put("classes", "五期信息技術提升班");
                 try {
                     retStr = NetTool.sendHttpClientPost(url, map3, "utf-8");
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnUploadFile:
                 // 須要在sdcard中放一張image.jsp的圖片,本例才能正確運行
                 try {
                     retStr = NetTool.sendFile(uploadUrl, "/sdcard/image.jpg",
                             "image1.jpg");
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnReadTxtFile:
                 try {
                     //本例中服務器端的文件類型是UTF-8
                     retStr = NetTool.readTxtFile(txtFileUrl, "UTF-8");
                 } catch (Exception e1) {
                     e1.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             case R.id.btnDownloadFile:
                 try {
                     NetTool.downloadFile(fileUrl, "/download", "newfile.jpg");
                 } catch (Exception e) {
                     e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 break;
             default:
                 break;
             }
             tvData.setText(retStr);
         }
     };
 }

客戶端Student.java

 package com.tgb.lk.demo.model;

 public class Student {
     private int id;
     private String name;
     private String classes;

     public int getId() {
         return id;
     }

     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }

     //get set方法略

     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "Student [classes=" + classes + ", id=" + id + ", name=" + name
                 + "]";
     }
 }

客戶端AndroidManifest.xml:

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     package="com.tgb.lk.demo.appclient"
     android:versionCode="1"
     android:versionName="1.0" >