mysql5.5搭建主從複製，半同步複製，基於ssl的主從複製

主從複製搭建：一個master對應2個slave

##########################################

//環境規劃

linux版本：centos6.4 mysql5.5.30
master：10.10.54.154
slave: 10.10.54.155 10.10.54.156
#master服務器不是新搭建的，因此須要把master數據庫中數據備份到從服務器

//master修改配置文件，建立用戶

1.修改配置文件

shell> vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
server_id=1
log_bin=master_bin
shell> /et/init.d/mysqld restart

2.建立用戶，授予複製權限

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'10.10.54.%' identified by 'mysql';
mysql> flush privileges;

//slave修改配置文件

兩個從服務器上操做同樣

shell> vim /etc/my.vnf
server_id=8
log_bin=slave-bin

//mysqldump導入數據到從服務器

1.master操做

mysql> flush tables with read lock;
mysql> mysqldump -uroot -p --all-databases --flush-logs --master-data=2 > alldatabases.sql
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File              | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-bin.000017 |      107 |              |                  |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> unlock tables;

2.slave操做

兩臺從服務器上操做同樣

shell> mysql -uroot -pmysql < alldatabases.sql
//slave上執行change master操做，查看主從架構
mysql> change master to master_host='10.10.54.154',master_user='repl',master_password='mysql',master_log_file='master-bin.000006',master_log_pos=307;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.10.54.154
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000017
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
               Relay_Log_File: mycentos5-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 254
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000017
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

//測試主從架構是否正常運行

1.master 上建立表

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| d1                 |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
mysql> use d1;
mysql> create table t1(id int NOT NULL,name varchar(20) NOT NULL);
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'hello');

2.從服務器上查看錶是否同步

mysql> use d1;
msyql> select * from t1;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | hello |
+----+-------+

上面主從複製環境已經搭建成功，下面搭建mysql半複製(Semisynchronous Replication)

//環境規劃

mysql版本：5.5.30
master:10.10.54.154
slave:10.10.54.155

#主從環境已經搭建好

//master上安裝半同步複製插件

mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname 'semisync_master.so';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like '%semi%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled       | ON    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout       | 1000  |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level   | 32    |
| rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON    |
+------------------------------------+-------+

#要想下次重啓mysql自動生效,能夠加入配置文件
sehll> vim /etc/my.cnf
[msyqld]
set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000

//slave上安裝插件

mysql> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname 'semisync_slave.so';
mysql> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1;
mysql> stop slave;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show variables like '%semi%';
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                   | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled     | ON    |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32    |
+---------------------------------+-------+

#同理，要想下次重啓mysql自動生效,能夠加入配置文件
sehll> vim /etc/my.cnf
[msyqld]
set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1

//測試半同步是否生效

mysql> show global status like 'rpl_semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                              | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients               | 1     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits             | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx                 | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status                | ON    |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time      | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time          | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx                | 0     |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+

#測試成功

搭建mysql replication支持ssl，一主一從

//環境說明：

master:10.10.54.156
slave:10.10.54.157

1.主服務器上生成私鑰
shell> cd /etc/pki/CA/
shell> umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakye.pem 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
..........................................................................+++
..............................+++

2.主服務器上生成自簽證書
shell> openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakye.pem -out cacert.pem  -days 365

3.主服務器上申請證書
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql/
shell>  mkdir ssl
shell>  chown mysql.mysql ssl
shell> umask 077; openssl genrsa -out /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key 2048
shell>  openssl  req -new -key /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key  -out  /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.csr
shell>  openssl ca -in /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.csr  -out  /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt -days 365

4.配置文件中添加ssl支持
shell> vim /etc/my.cnf
[msyqld]
ssl
ssl-ca=/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt
ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key

5.從服務器上
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql/
shell> mkdir ssl
shell> chown mysql.mysql ssl
shell> umask 077; openssl genrsa -out /usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.key 2048
shell> openssl  req -new -key /usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key  -out  /usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.csr

6.把證書傳給主服務器，在主服務器上籤署證書後在傳給從服務器
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql/
shell> scp mysql.csr root@10.10.54.156:/etc/pki/CA

7.主服務器上籤署證書
shell> openssl ca -in mysql.csr  -out  mysql.crt -days 365

8.傳回給從服務器
shell> scp cacert.pem mysql.crt root@10.10.54.157:/usr/local/mysql/ssl
shell> chown -R  mysql.mysql

9.配置my.cnf文件
在my.cnf中添加ssl支持
[mysqld]
ssl #添加這一行

10.主服務器上建立ssl連接用戶
mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to ssl@10.10.54.157 identified by 'ssl';

11.從服務器上配置
mysql > change master to master_host='10.10.54.156',  master_user='ssl', master_password='ssl', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_port=3306,master_log_pos=112, master_ssl=1,master_ssl_ca='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem', master_ssl_cert='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.crt',master_ssl_key='/usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.key';

12.查看從上slave狀態
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 10.10.54.156
                  Master_User: ssl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 503
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 263
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
                     ....
               Until_Log_File: 
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
           Master_SSL_CA_File: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: 
              Master_SSL_Cert: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.crt
            Master_SSL_Cipher: 
               Master_SSL_Key: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/mysql.key
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0