time模塊方法：git
>>> import time >>> time.time() #時間戳 秒級別 1519212085.6211221 #從1970年到如今一共度過1519212085秒； >>> time.time()/3600/24/365 #48年 1970-2018年有這麼多秒 1h=3600s 48.17390346104816 >>> time.localtime() #本地時間 time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=20, tm_min=8, tm_sec=33, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=0) >>> time.localtime(2342342434) time.struct_time(tm_year=2044, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=23, tm_hour=18, tm_min=40, tm_sec=34, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=83, tm_isdst=0) >>> a=time.localtime() >>> a time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=19, tm_min=28, tm_sec=45, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=0) >>> '%s-%s-%d'%(a.tm_year,a.tm_mon,a.tm_mday) '2018-2-21' >>> time.mktime(a) #把localtime()時間反轉時間成時間戳 1519214861.0
0 tm_year #年 1970-2018 1 tm_mon #月 1-12 2 tm_mday #日 1-31 3 tm_hour #時 0-23 4 tm_min #分 0-59 5 tm_sec #秒 0-59 6 tm_wday #一週中得第幾天 0-6 7 tm_yday #一年中得第幾天 0-365 8 tm_isdst #是不是夏令時 0-1
>>> time.gmtime() #比北京時間晚8點 UTC時區（0時區） time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=11, tm_min=50, tm_sec=46, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=0) >>> time.sleep(2) #睡一會 單位爲 秒 >>> time.asctime() #表示時間得另一種方法 'Wed Feb 21 20:53:43 2018' >>> time.ctime() #表示時間得另一種方法 'Wed Feb 21 20:57:16 2018' >>> time.ctime(3123) 'Thu Jan 1 08:52:03 1970' >>> time.ctime(0) 'Thu Jan 1 08:00:00 1970' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') #表示時間 字符串 '2018-02-21 21:04:48' >>> a=time.localtime(2432423423) >>> a time.struct_time(tm_year=2047, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=30, tm_hour=9, tm_min=10, tm_sec=23, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=30, tm_isdst=0) >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',a) #表示某一時間戳得 字符串 '2047-01-30 09:10:23' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %a',a) #a 周幾 '2047-01-30 09:10:23 Wed' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %A',a) #A 周幾 '2047-01-30 09:10:23 Wednesday' >>> time.strftime('%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %b') #b 月 '18-02-21 21:22:19 Feb' >>> time.strftime('%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %B') #B 月 '18-02-21 21:22:29 February' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %p',a) #p 上午下午 '2047-01-30 09:10:23 AM' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %U') #U 一年得第幾周 '2018-02-21 21:08:15 07' >>> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %w') #w 一週得第幾天 '2018-02-21 21:09:55 3' >>> time.strftime('%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z') #z 東8區時間 '18-02-21 21:10:38 +0800' >> time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z') #Z 時間標準 '2018-02-21 21:28:22 中國標準時間' >>> s=time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') #時間字符串 格式 時間戳來回轉換 >>> s '2018-02-21 21:32:19' >>> s2= time.strptime(s,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') >>> s2 time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=21, tm_min=32, tm_sec=19, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=-1) >>> time.mktime(s2) 1519219939.0
字符串轉時間格式對應表 Meaning Notes %a Locale’s abbreviated weekday name. %A Locale’s full weekday name. %b Locale’s abbreviated month name. %B Locale’s full month name. %c Locale’s appropriate date and time representation. %d Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31]. %H Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23]. %I Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12]. %j Day of the year as a decimal number [001,366]. %m Month as a decimal number [01,12]. %M Minute as a decimal number [00,59]. %p Locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM. (1) %S Second as a decimal number [00,61]. (2) %U Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0. (3) %w Weekday as a decimal number [0(Sunday),6]. %W Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0. (3) %x Locale’s appropriate date representation. %X Locale’s appropriate time representation. %y Year without century as a decimal number [00,99]. %Y Year with century as a decimal number. %z Time zone offset indicating a positive or negative time difference from UTC/GMT of the form +HHMM or -HHMM, where H represents decimal hour digits and M represents decimal minute digits [-23:59, +23:59]. %Z Time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists). %% A literal '%' character.
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總結：time模塊
1.time.time()
2.time.localtime()
3.time.localtime(2342342434)
4.time.mktime(a)
5.time.gmtime()
6.time.sleep(2)
7.time.asctime()
8.time.ctime()
9.time.ctime(3123)
10.time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
11.time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',a)
12.time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %A',a)
13.time.strptime(s,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')ide
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datetime模塊ui
相比於time模塊 datetime模塊得接口更直觀更容易調用 重點是進行時間運算this
方法： >>> a=datetime.datetime.now() >>> a datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 21, 21, 59, 57, 526811) >>> a.year 2018 >>> a.timetuple() time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=21, tm_min=59, tm_sec=57, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=-1) >>> d2=datetime.date.fromtimestamp(time.time()) #根據時間戳快速拿到年月日 >>> d2 datetime.date(2018, 2, 21) >>> d2.timetuple() #注意 時分秒 丟了 time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=21, tm_hour=0, tm_min=0, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=52, tm_isdst=-1) 時間運算： >>> datetime.datetime.now()-datetime.timedelta(days=1) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 20, 22, 13, 4, 891830) >>> datetime.datetime.now()-datetime.timedelta(days=3) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 18, 22, 14, 7, 771268) >>> datetime.datetime.now()-datetime.timedelta(hours=3) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 21, 19, 14, 33, 758609) >>> datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(hours=3) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 22, 1, 14, 48, 426850) >>> datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(minutes=10) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 21, 22, 25, 32, 615892) >>> datetime.datetime.now()+datetime.timedelta(seconds=10) datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 21, 22, 16, 29, 661140) 時間替換： >>> s=datetime.datetime.now() >>> s datetime.datetime(2018, 2, 21, 22, 21, 34, 62949) >>> s.replace(year=2016) datetime.datetime(2016, 2, 21, 22, 21, 34, 62949) >>> s.replace(year=2016,month=8) datetime.datetime(2016, 8, 21, 22, 21, 34, 62949) >>> s.replace(year=2016,month=8,day=2) datetime.datetime(2016, 8, 2, 22, 21, 34, 62949)