Linux環境下查看歷史操做命令及清除方法

在Linux環境中能夠經過方向鍵的上下按鍵查看近期鍵入的命令。但這種方法只能一個一個的查看,其實系統提供了查看全部歷史命令的方法。linux

在終端中輸入如下命令查看全部命令:shell

historyvim

[root@template ~]# history
    1  ifconfig
    2  vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
    3  /etc/init.d/sshd restart
    4  vim /boot/grub/grub.conf 
    5  vim /etc/selinux/config 
    6  vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    7  rm -rf /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules 
    8  useradd vsroot
    9  echo -e 'vsroot\tALL=(ALL)\tNOPASSWD: ALL' >> /etc/sudoers
   10  yum clean all
   11  rm -rf /var/log/yum.log 
   12  rm -rf /var/lib/yum/*
   13  rm -rf /root/install.log
   14  rm -rf /root/install.log.syslog 
   15  rm -rf /var/log/anaconda.*

 

history命令列出了全部已鍵入的命令,用戶所鍵入的命令都會記錄在文件中,該文件保存在當前登陸用戶的家目錄中。bash

文件名稱爲:.bash_history,該文件是一個隱藏文件。服務器

 

歷史操做命令的清除:less

若是在服務器中幹了很差的事情,能夠經過「history -c」命令進行清除,那麼其餘人登陸終端時就沒法查看歷史操做命令了。ssh

但此命令並不會清除保存在文件中的記錄,所以須要手動刪除.bash_profile文件中的記錄。ide

 

配置是否記錄歷史操做命令或記錄條數:ui

在「/etc/profile」配置文件中能夠配置是否記錄歷史操做命令。this

vi /etc/profile

[root@CentOS ~]# cat /etc/profile
# /etc/profile

# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc

# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.

pathmunge () {
    case ":${PATH}:" in
        *:"$1":*)
            ;;
        *)
            if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
                PATH=$PATH:$1
            else
                PATH=$1:$PATH
            fi
    esac
}


if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
    if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
        # ksh workaround
        EUID=`id -u`
        UID=`id -ru`
    fi
    USER="`id -un`"
    LOGNAME=$USER
    MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi

# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
    pathmunge /sbin
    pathmunge /usr/sbin
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
    pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
    pathmunge /usr/sbin after
    pathmunge /sbin after
fi

HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
    export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi

export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL

# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
    umask 002
else
    umask 022
fi

for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
    if [ -r "$i" ]; then
        if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
            . "$i"
        else
            . "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
        fi
    fi
done

unset i
unset -f pathmunge
[root@CentOS ~]#

 

在profile配置文件中找到HISTSIZE選項,該配置選項用於配置歷史操做命令條數的。

若是將此值置0則不記錄歷史操做命令。

默認該值爲1000,也就是記錄最近的1000條命令。

若是須要增大後縮小記錄的條數,則修改相應的值便可。

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