MARIADB安裝

二進制安裝MARIADB

一、解壓到/usr/local/
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

二、軟鏈接
[root@localhost local]# ln -s mariadb-10.2.23-linux-x86_64/ mysql

三、更改全部者，所屬組
[root@localhost local]# chown -R root:root mysql/

四、建立系統用戶，用戶組
[root@localhost local]# groupadd -r -g 66 mysql
[root@localhost local]# useradd -r -g mysql -u 66 -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql mysql

五、運行腳本，指定數據存放位置
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

六、建立配置文件
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]        #在mysqld加入數據路徑
datadir=/data/mysql

七、製做啓動腳本
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

八、加入chkconfig
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

九、啓動服務
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql]# ss -nlt
State      Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port                Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      128                *:22                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      100        127.0.0.1:25                             *:*                  
LISTEN     0      80                :::3306                          :::*                  
LISTEN     0      128               :::22                            :::*                  
LISTEN     0      100              ::1:25                            :::*      

十、加入PATH環境變量
[root@localhost mysql]# echo PATH='/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 10
Server version: 10.2.23-MariaDB-log MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> 

十一、跑加固腳本
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql_secure_installation

源碼編譯安裝MARIADB
一、準備編譯軟件

yum -y install bison bison-devel zlib-devel libcurl-devel libarchive-devel boostdevel gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel gnutls-devel libxml2-devel openssl-devel libevent-devel libaio-devel

二、建立用戶

[root@centos6 ~]# useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -d /data/mysql -m mysql       
[root@centos6 ~]# ll -d /data/mysql/
drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Apr  2 19:36 /data/mysql/

三、解壓,cmake編譯

[root@centos6 ~]# tar xvf mariadb-10.2.23.tar.gz
[root@centos6 ~]# cd mariadb-10.2.23
[root@centos6 mariadb-10.2.23]# cmake . \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/app/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_MROONGA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
make && make install
[root@centos6 mariadb-10.2.23]# make && make install
若是出錯，執行rm -f CMakeCache.txt

四、加入環境變量

[root@centos6 mariadb-10.2.23]# echo PATH='/app/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@centos6 mariadb-10.2.23]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

五、生成數據庫

[root@centos6 mysql]# cd /app/mysql/
[root@centos6 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql

六、準備配置文件

[root@centos6 mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysql/
[root@centos6 mysql]# cp /app/mysql/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf

七、準備啓動腳本

[root@centos6 mysql]# cp /app/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

八、啓動服務

[root@centos6 ~]# cp /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf /etc/my.cnf --backup
[root@centos6 mysql]# service mysqld start

yum多實例安裝mariadb

一、規劃目錄

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mysql/{3306,3307,3308}/{data,etc,socket,bin,log,pid} -p
[root@localhost ~]# tree /mysql/
/mysql/
├── 3306
│   ├── bin
│   ├── data
│   ├── etc
│   ├── log
│   ├── pid
│   └── socket
├── 3307
│   ├── bin
│   ├── data
│   ├── etc
│   ├── log
│   ├── pid
│   └── socket
└── 3308
    ├── bin
    ├── data
    ├── etc
    ├── log
    ├── pid
    └── socket

二、修改文件屬性

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/

三、生成數據庫

[root@localhost ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql/
aria_log.00000001  ibdata1      ib_logfile1  mysql.sock          test
aria_log_control   ib_logfile0  mysql        performance_schema
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3306/data
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3307/data
[root@localhost ~]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mysql/3308/data

四、建立配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/my.cnf /mysql/3306/etc/
[root@localhost ~]# vim /mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
datadir=/mysql/3306/data
socket=/mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/mysql/3306/log/mariadb.log
pid-file=/mysql/3306/pid/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory

[root@localhost ~]# cp /mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost bin]# sed -i 's/3306/3307/' /mysql/3307/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# cp /mysql/3306/etc/my.cnf /mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost bin]# sed -i 's/3306/3308/' /mysql/3308/etc/my.cnf

五、準備服務腳本

[root@localhost ~]# cd /mysql/3306/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# vim mysqld
#!/bin/bash

port=3306
mysql_user="root"
mysql_pwd=""
cmd_path="/usr/bin"
mysql_basedir="/mysql"
mysql_sock="${mysql_basedir}/${port}/socket/mysql.sock"

function_start_mysql()
{
    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
      printf "Starting MySQL...\n"
      ${cmd_path}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=${mysql_basedir}/${port}/etc/my.cnf  &> /dev/null  &
    else
      printf "MySQL is running...\n"
      exit
    fi
}

function_stop_mysql()
{
    if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then
       printf "MySQL is stopped...\n"
       exit
    else
       printf "Stoping MySQL...\n"
       ${cmd_path}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S ${mysql_sock} shutdown
   fi
}

function_restart_mysql()
{
    printf "Restarting MySQL...\n"
    function_stop_mysql
    sleep 2
    function_start_mysql
}

case $1 in
start)
    function_start_mysql
;;
stop)
    function_stop_mysql
;;
restart)
    function_restart_mysql
;;
*)
    printf "Usage: ${mysql_basedir}/${port}/bin/mysqld {start|stop|restart}\n"
esac

...
...
[root@localhost bin]# chmod +x mysqld 
[root@localhost bin]# cp mysqld /mysql/3307/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# cp mysqld /mysql/3308/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# vim /mysql/3307/bin/mysqld
[root@localhost bin]# vim /mysql/3308/bin/mysqld
#!/bin/bash
port=3307
#!/bin/bash
port=3308

六、啓動服務

[root@localhost bin]# /mysql/3306/bin/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...
[root@localhost bin]# /mysql/3307/bin/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...
[root@localhost bin]# /mysql/3308/bin/mysqld start
Starting MySQL...

[root@localhost bin]# ss -nlt
State      Recv-Q Send-Q    Local Address:Port                   Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN     0      50                    *:3306                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      50                    *:3307                              *:*                  
LISTEN     0      50                    *:3308                              *:*

七、鏈接

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -P3306 -S /mysql/3306/socket/mysql.sock

八、關閉服務

[root@localhost bin]# /mysql/3308/bin/mysqld stop
Stoping MySQL...

九、用mysqladmin設置密碼

[root@localhost bin]# mysqladmin -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock -uroot password 123456

[root@localhost bin]# mysql -P3307 -S /mysql/3307/socket/mysql.sock

十、避免關閉服務須要輸入密碼，須要在文件中將密碼輸入

[root@localhost bin]# vim /mysql/3307/bin/mysqld
mysql_pwd="123456"