常見的消息中間件產品:java
(1)ActiveMQspring
ActiveMQ 是Apache出品,最流行的,能力強勁的開源消息總線。ActiveMQ 是一個徹底支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4規範的 JMS Provider實現。json
(2)RabbitMQ服務器
AMQP協議的領導實現,支持多種場景。淘寶的MySQL集羣內部有使用它進行通信,OpenStack開源雲平臺的通訊組件,最早在金融行業獲得運用。咱們在本次課程中介紹 RabbitMQ的使用。架構
(3)ZeroMQapp
史上最快的消息隊列系統異步
(4)Kafka分佈式
Apache下的一個子項目 。特色:高吞吐,在一臺普通的服務器上既能夠達到10W/s的吞吐速率;徹底的分佈式系統。適合處理海量數據。ide
(5)RocketMQ 阿里巴巴性能
消息中間件利用高效可靠的消息傳遞機制進行平臺無關的數據交流,並基於數據通訊來進行分佈式系統的集成。經過提供消息傳遞和消息排隊模型,它能夠在分佈式環境下擴展進程間的通訊。對於消息中間件,常見的角色大體也就有Producer(生產者)、Consumer(消費者)。
消息隊列中間件是分佈式系統中重要的組件,主要解決應用解耦,異步消息,流量削鋒等問題,實現高性能,高可用,可伸縮和最終一致性架構。
Spring-amqp是對AMQP協議的抽象實現,而spring-rabbit 是對協議的具體實現,也是目前的惟一實現。底層使用的就是RabbitMQ。
已經配置好了ssm的開發環境
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId> <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId> <version>5.5.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId> <version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.9.5</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.4.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.test.rabbitmq.spring"/> <!-- 配置鏈接工廠 --> <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" virtual-host="/saas" host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="saas" password="saas" /> <!-- 定義mq管理 --> <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" /> <!-- 聲明隊列 --> <rabbit:queue name="spring.test.queue" auto-declare="true" durable="true" /> <!-- 定義交換機綁定隊列(路由模式) --> <rabbit:direct-exchange name="spring.test.exchange"> <rabbit:bindings> <rabbit:binding queue="spring.test.queue" key="user.insert" /> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:direct-exchange> <!-- 定義交換機綁定隊列(路由模式)使用匹配符 <rabbit:topic-exchange id="springTestExchange" name="spring.test.exchange"> <rabbit:bindings> <rabbit:binding queue="spring.test.queue" pattern="#.#" /> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:topic-exchange> --> <!-- 消息對象json轉換類 --> <bean id="jsonMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" /> <!-- 定義模版 --> <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="spring.test.exchange" message-converter="jsonMessageConverter"/> </beans>
這裏是往RabbitMQ隊列中放入任務,讓消費者去取
package cn.test.rabbitmq.spring; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class MqSender { @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void sendMessage(){ //根據key發送到對應的隊列 amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("user.insert","spring整合RabbitMQ消息"); System.out.println("發送成功........"); } }
package cn.test.rabbitmq.spring; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import java.util.HashMap; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext-mq-send.xml") public class MqSendDemo { @Autowired private MqSender mqSender; @Test public void test(){ //根據key發送到對應的隊列 mqSender.sendMessage(); } }
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 配置鏈接工廠 --> <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" virtual-host="/saas" host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="saas" password="saas" /> <!-- 定義mq管理 --> <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" /> <!-- 聲明隊列 --> <rabbit:queue name="spring.test.queue" auto-declare="true" durable="true" /> <!-- 定義消費者 --> <bean id="testMqListener" class="cn.test.rabbitmq.spring.MqListener" /> <!-- 定義消費者監聽隊列 --> <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory"> <rabbit:listener ref="testMqListener" queues="spring.test.queue" /> </rabbit:listener-container> </beans>
package cn.test.rabbitmq.spring; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; public class MqListener implements MessageListener { public void onMessage(Message message) { try { System.out.println(message.getBody()); String ms = new String(message.getBody(), "UTF-8"); System.out.println(ms); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
package cn.itcast.rabbitmq.spring; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext-mq-receive.xml") public class MqReceiveDemo { @Test public void test(){ //等待隊列中放入任務,若是有任務,當即消費任務 while (true){ } } }