啓用reuse_port參數讓Nginx性能提高3倍

爲何啓用 reuse_port

  • 記得 2008 年作性能測試的時候,新進7臺 lenovo 4核4G 服務器用於性能測試。
  • 當時資源緊張,這7臺服務器都裝了雙系統(Win2003/CentOS5)空閒時用於作肉雞(壓測的Agent)。
  • 當時給Nginx作了一系列測試,印象很深的是:在這批機器上,Nginx狀態頁面的壓測。

短鏈接的話最佳QPS約4萬,長鏈接的話最高QPS約13萬。javascript

  • 大概3年後,那批 lenovo 服務器已經沒人瞧得上了,只能作肉雞。
  • 然而,一次不經意的測試,發現再牛的服務器,短鏈接最佳QPS也高不了多少。
  • 並且,肉雞的資源沒用完,被測試服務器的資源也用不完,網絡也沒瓶頸。

服務器資源使用率很低,然而響應就是不夠快。css

  • 最後,咱們發現了 SO_REUSEPORT。對,瓶頸在這(監聽的入口)!

引入 LVS fullnat

  • 當時用的 CentOS 五、6,內核版本都還在 2.6。
  • 嘗試過新內核,遇到一些奇怪的現象無力維護,最終放棄。
  • 也能夠用Nginx監控多個IP來突破瓶頸(多虛擬幾個IP),維護成本略高。
  • 也能夠用LVSNAT方式來作轉發,然而NAT對網絡的要求你懂的。
  • 最終咱們決定使用 淘寶LVS,依賴 淘寶內核。
  • 而後使用 fullnat ,將對外端口映射到每一個節點的多個端口(而非多IP)。
  • 曾在線上作過極端測試,效果很是顯著。而後咱們就上線了!

本來10多臺服務器的壓力,全壓到1臺服務器的10多個端口上。竟然抗住了html

壓測 reuse_port

  • 若是我用 Debian 最新 Jessie 發行版,默認內核 3.16.0-4。
  • 然而 Tengine 早已支持 reuse_port (原生Nginx要到1.9.1才支持)。
  • 開啓 reuse_port 後,你會發現有不少進程同時監聽80端口:
    讓監聽沒有瓶頸
  • 加壓後你會發現,服務器性能可被你榨乾:
    網卡軟中斷也上來了
  • 對比一下測試 reuse_port 的效果,小夥伴們驚呆了(短鏈接QPS過了24萬)!
    性能超強驚呆了
  • 真相大白後,你還等什麼?

探個究竟

  • 測試過程當中因爲壓大 TCP: Possible SYN flooding on port 80. ,出大量錯誤 。java

  • 因而將併發量降到了6萬 net.core.somaxconn = 65535node

  • 再關閉 reuse_port 後,咱們看下 perf top的狀況:
    系統態佔用比高linux

  • 而後再打開 reuse_port ,對比 perf top 的狀況:
    nginx

  • 此時再放大 Nginx 監聽的 back_log ,看下資源使用狀況:
    git

  • 咱們來看看些時的隊列狀況(有入隊過萬了):
    基本瓶頸不在這裏了redis

  • 而後咱們再來挑戰30萬併發(MTT是平均響應時間(ms)):json

  • 通過一系列調優,相同環境相同併發量,沒有再出現 TCP: Possible SYN flooding on port 80.。但出現了少許鏈接超時的狀況:

2015-11-29 01:31:54,779 ERROR Connection timed out
java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out	
				at HTTPClient.HTTPConnection$EstablishConnection.run(HTTPConnection.java:4082) ~[grinder-httpclient-3.9.1.jar:na]

測試環境

Dell PowerEdge M620
Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v2 @ 2.10GHz
Linux 3.16.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.16.7-ckt11-1+deb8u3 (2015-08-04) x86_64 GNU/Linux
Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM57810 10 Gigabit Ethernet (rev 10)
Tengine version: Tengine/2.1.1 (nginx/1.6.2)
built by gcc 4.9.2 (Debian 4.9.2-10)
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --user=www-data --group=www-data --with-pcre-jit --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --dso-tool-path=/usr/sbin/dso_tool --dso-path=/usr/share/nginx/modules --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/scgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/uwsgi --with-syslog --with-jemalloc --with-mail --with-file-aio --with-mail_ssl_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-google_perftools_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_spdy_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_slice_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_concat_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_sysguard_module --with-http_split_clients_module=shared --with-http_referer_module=shared --with-http_uwsgi_module=shared --with-http_scgi_module=shared --with-http_memcached_module=shared --with-http_limit_conn_module=shared --with-http_limit_req_module=shared --with-http_empty_gif_module=shared --with-http_browser_module=shared --with-http_user_agent_module=shared --with-http_upstream_ip_hash_module=shared --with-http_upstream_least_conn_module=shared --with-http_upstream_session_sticky_module=shared --with-http_reqstat_module=shared --with-http_lua_module --with-luajit-inc=/usr/include/luajit-2.0 --with-luajit-lib=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --with-cpu-opt=amd64 --with-ld-opt=-Wl,-z,relro --with-cc-opt='-g -O2 -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2' --add-module=../echo-nginx-module-0.58 --add-module=../headers-more-nginx-module-0.261 --add-module=../redis2-nginx-module-0.12 --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-2.3 --add-module=../ngx_cache_path_status-1.0
loaded modules:
    ngx_core_module (static)
    ngx_errlog_module (static)
    ngx_conf_module (static)
    ngx_dso_module (static)
    ngx_syslog_module (static)
    ngx_events_module (static)
    ngx_event_core_module (static)
    ngx_epoll_module (static)
    ngx_procs_module (static)
    ngx_proc_core_module (static)
    ngx_openssl_module (static)
    ngx_regex_module (static)
    ngx_http_module (static)
    ngx_http_core_module (static)
    ngx_http_log_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_module (static)
    ngx_http_spdy_module (static)
    ngx_http_static_module (static)
    ngx_http_gzip_static_module (static)
    ngx_http_dav_module (static)
    ngx_http_autoindex_module (static)
    ngx_http_index_module (static)
    ngx_http_random_index_module (static)
    ngx_http_concat_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_auth_request_module (static)
    ngx_http_auth_basic_module (static)
    ngx_http_limit_conn_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_access_module (static)
    ngx_http_limit_req_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_realip_module (static)
    ngx_http_geo_module (static)
    ngx_http_geoip_module (static)
    ngx_http_split_clients_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_map_module (static)
    ngx_http_reqstat_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_user_agent_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_referer_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_rewrite_module (static)
    ngx_http_ssl_module (static)
    ngx_http_proxy_module (static)
    ngx_http_uwsgi_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_fastcgi_module (static)
    ngx_http_scgi_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_empty_gif_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_memcached_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_browser_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_secure_link_module (static)
    ngx_http_sysguard_module (static)
    ngx_http_flv_module (static)
    ngx_http_slice_module (static)
    ngx_http_mp4_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_consistent_hash_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_check_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_keepalive_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_dynamic_module (static)
    ngx_http_stub_status_module (static)
    ngx_http_redis2_module (static)
    ngx_http_cache_purge_module (static)
    ngx_http_slowfs_module (static)
    ngx_cache_path_status_module (static)
    ngx_http_write_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_header_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_chunked_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_spdy_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_range_header_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_gzip_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_postpone_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_ssi_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_charset_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_xslt_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_image_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_sub_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_addition_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_gunzip_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_userid_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_footer_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_upstream_session_sticky_module (shared, 3.1)
    ngx_http_trim_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_headers_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_echo_module (static)
    ngx_http_headers_more_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_lua_module (static)
    ngx_http_copy_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_range_body_filter_module (static)
    ngx_http_not_modified_filter_module (static)
    ngx_mail_module (static)
    ngx_mail_core_module (static)
    ngx_mail_ssl_module (static)
    ngx_mail_pop3_module (static)
    ngx_mail_imap_module (static)
    ngx_mail_smtp_module (static)
    ngx_mail_auth_http_module (static)
    ngx_mail_proxy_module (static)
    ngx_google_perftools_module (static)
  • 具體Nginx 配置以下:
user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
events {	
	use epoll;
  multi_accept off;
  reuse_port on;
  worker_connections  1048576;
}
dso { 
# 動態加載功能模塊 /usr/share/nginx/modules
				load ngx_http_memcached_module.so;
        load ngx_http_limit_conn_module.so;
        load ngx_http_empty_gif_module.so;
        load ngx_http_scgi_module.so;
        load ngx_http_upstream_session_sticky_module.so;
        load ngx_http_user_agent_module.so;
        load ngx_http_referer_module.so;
        load ngx_http_upstream_least_conn_module.so;
        load ngx_http_uwsgi_module.so;
        load ngx_http_reqstat_module.so;
        load ngx_http_browser_module.so;
        load ngx_http_limit_req_module.so;
        load ngx_http_split_clients_module.so;
        load ngx_http_upstream_ip_hash_module.so;
}
http {
	include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
	default_type  text/plain;
  access_log  off;
  sendfile        on;
  tcp_nopush	on;
  tcp_nodelay	on;
  server_tokens off;
  keepalive_timeout  120;
  server_names_hash_bucket_size 512;
  server_name_in_redirect off;
  fastcgi_connect_timeout 3s;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 3s;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 3s;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 128k;
  fastcgi_buffers 8 128k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
  variables_hash_max_size  1024;
  set_real_ip_from 10.0.0.0/8;
  set_real_ip_from 172.28.0.0/16;
  set_real_ip_from 192.168.0.0/16;
  real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For;
  gzip off;
  gzip_disable "msie6";
  gzip_min_length 1k;
  gzip_buffers 16 64k;
  gzip_http_version 1.1;
  gzip_comp_level 6;
  gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
  gzip_vary on;
  ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
  access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
  error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
  server {
		listen       80 backlog=65535;
    charset utf-8;
    location / { # 打印Tengine狀態頁
				stub_status on; # 開啓狀態頁,依賴 http_stub_status_module 模塊
        access_log  off; #訪問過程不記日誌
		}		
		location ~ ^(.*)\/\.(svn|git|hg|bzr|cvs)\/ { # 屏蔽這些目錄
				deny all;
        access_log off;
        log_not_found off;
    }		
		location ~ /\. { # 屏蔽.開頭的目錄或文件,好比  .htaccess .bash_history
			deny all;
			access_log off;
			log_not_found off;
		}
		location /do_not_delete.html {
			access_log off;
			empty_gif;
		}
	}
}
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