MySQL導出CSV文件報錯secure-file-priv權限受限mac

MySQL導出文件遇到secure-file-priv報錯

前兩天在電腦上安裝了MySQL 8.0.18，在嘗試從數據庫導出csv文件時，遇到了如下報錯：

ERROR 1290 (HY000): The MySQL server is running with the --secure-file-priv option so it cannot execute this statement
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secure-file-priv資料查詢

上網一搜發現報錯緣由和secure-file-priv的值有關，secure-file-priv參數是用來限制mysql導入導出到哪一個目錄的。

查閱官方文檔找到secure-file-priv的值有如下幾種狀況：

而使用命令 show variables like "%secu%"; 檢查secure-file-priv的值，發現本地secure_file_priv的值設置的是NULL，那麼就須要將secure_file_priv的值設置爲空字符串或者dirname才能導出文件。

解決辦法

那麼接着問題來了，在哪裏設置secure-file-priv的值呢？

不能直接設置，必需要在my.cnf文件裏設置(mac在my.cnf)。

那麼my.cnf文件在哪裏呢？

在下面3個關鍵目錄中使用find命令所有搜了一遍也沒有找到my.cnf文件，沒有辦法只有在網上從新找了一個my.cnf文件。

/etc
/usr/local/mysql/support-files
/usr/local/mysql-8.0.18-macos10.14-x86_64/support-files
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在找到my.cnf後，進入/etc目錄下，使用sudo vim my.cnf命令新建my.cnf文件，並將如下內容添加到my.cnf文件中。

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. 
  # 
  # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays 
  # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with 
  # other programs (such as a web server) 
  # 
  # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of 
  # locations which depend on the deployment platform. 
  # You can copy this option file to one of those 
  # locations. For information about these locations, see: 
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html 
  # 
  # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. 
  # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program 
  # with the "--help" option. 
  # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients 
  [client]
  default-character-set=utf8
  password   = your_password
  port        = 3306  
  socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock   
  # Here follows entries for some specific programs 
  # The MySQL server 
  [mysqld]
  character-set-server=utf8
  init_connect='SET NAMES utf8 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 64 sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M character-set-server=utf8 init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' secure_file_priv='' # Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,  
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. 
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. 
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows 
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! 
# 
#skip-networking 

  # Replication Master Server (default) 
  # binary logging is required for replication 
  log-bin=mysql-bin  

    # binary logging format - mixed recommended 
    binlog_format=mixed  

      # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 
      # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set 
      # but will not function as a master if omitted 
      server-id   = 1  

    # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) 
    # 
    # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between 
    # two methods : 
    # 
    # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - 
    # the syntax is: 
    # 
    # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, 
    # MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; 
    # 
    # where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and 
    # <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). 
    # 
    # Example: 
    # 
    # CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, 
    # MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; 
    # 
    # OR 
    # 
    # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then 
    # start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example 
    # if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to 
    # connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later 
    # change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and 
    # overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown 
    # the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. 
    # For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched 
    # (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) 
    # 
    # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 
    # (and different from the master) 
    # defaults to 2 if master-host is set 
    # but will not function as a slave if omitted 
    #server-id = 2 
    # 
    # The replication master for this slave - required 
    #master-host = <hostname> 
    # 
    # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting 
    # to the master - required 
    #master-user = <username> 
    # 
    # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to 
    # the master - required 
    #master-password = <password> 
    # 
    # The port the master is listening on. 
    # optional - defaults to 3306 
    #master-port = <port> 
    # 
    # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended 
    #log-bin=mysql-bin 

      # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 
      #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
      #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 
      #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 
      # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % 
      # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high 
      #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M 
      #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M 
      # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size 
      #innodb_log_file_size = 5M 
      #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M 
      #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 
      #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

        [mysqldump]  
        quick  
        max_allowed_packet = 16M  

          [mysql]  
          no-auto-rehash  
          # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL 
          #safe-updates 
          default-character-set=utf8   

        [myisamchk]  
        key_buffer_size = 20M  
        sort_buffer_size = 20M  
        read_buffer = 2M  
        write_buffer = 2M  

          [mysqlhotcopy]  
          interactive-timeout
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注意！！！

必定要把上面文本中的password = your_password修改爲本身的MySQL數據庫的密碼，我就是忘記改了，搞了3天，無論怎麼修改secure_file_priv=''，在重啓數據庫都沒有用，終於在第3天從新梳理了一遍流程，仔細研究了my.cnf文件後，發現了問題所在。

修改好後，在系統偏好設置的MySQL中配置Configuration File文件，從新Apply而後再重啓MySQL服務就能夠了。

見證奇蹟的時刻

一切準備就緒，讓咱們從新再來導出一次user表

mysql> select * from user into outfile '/tmp/user.csv';
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
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大功告成！

補充

雖然secure_file_priv設置爲空字符串，也就是說能夠任意導入導出到任何文件目錄下，可是我也試了桌面和etc文件夾，都導出失敗了，上網查詢緣由可能與文件訪問權限、文件分組有關，這裏就再也不詳細討論了，/tmp目錄是能夠導入導出的，你們能夠在這個目錄下導出csv文件。

mysql> select * from user into outfile '~/Desktop/user/user.csv';
ERROR 1 (HY000): Can't create/write to file '/var/empty/Desktop/user/user.csv' (OS errno 2 - No such file or directory) mysql> select * from user into outfile '/etc/user.csv'; ERROR 1 (HY000): Can't create/write to file '/etc/user.csv' (OS errno 13 - Permission denied)
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參考文章

• MySQL官方開發者文檔對secure_file_priv變量的描述
• mac os上mysql secure-file-priv導入文件權限解決方案

若是對你有幫助的話，點贊、評論都是對個人鼓勵，也是支持我寫下去的動力，謝謝！