Docker學習7-jenkins容器內安裝python3

前言

不少小夥伴可能在考慮 jenkins 拉取了 github 上的代碼後，發現還越少 python3 環境，那能怎麼辦呢？python

諮詢了一位運維朋友給個人答案是，將 python3 掛載到容器工做目錄上，或者直接複製。git

1、淺談容器內安裝 python3 方案

一、將 python3 掛載到容器工做目錄上；github

二、直接複製 python3 目錄到工做目錄上；docker

三、jenkins 容器內安裝 python3；ubuntu

結果：1 、2均均陣亡，爲什麼？明顯系統不同哈，雖然能在命令行中輸入 python3 可是 pip3用不了的，執行腳本更是亂七八糟的報錯。（因此不推薦）centos

最後只能看 3 的了。而後在試驗的過程當中，發現第3種又分爲兩種，bash

① weget 安裝（不推薦，基本和現安裝的方法差很少，先要安裝一些依賴包，如 gcc 等）服務器

② apk add 安裝（此版本是alpine ：apk add，可以快速安裝完成）運維

最後注意系統版本問題：tcp

若是是 centos 那便是 yum
若是是 ubuntu 那便是 apt-get
若是是 alpine 那便是 apk

2、apk add 安裝

一、進入 jenkins 容器 bash：

[root@iZbp19lugf22zbsubsf1y6Z ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES fa81928c4dce jenkinsci/blueocean   "/sbin/tini -- /usr/…"   40 minutes ago      Up 34 minutes           0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3006->8080/tcp   jenkins

[root@iZbp19lugf22zbsubsf1y6Z ~]# docker exec -itu root jenkins /bin/bash bash-4.4#

二、首先更改 apk 配置源，否則下載速度太慢了。配置文件路徑：/etc/apk/repositories

bash-4.4# cd /etc/apk/ bash-4.4# echo "https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/main/" > repositories bash-4.4# echo "https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/community/" >> repositories bash-4.4#

三、更新 apk 源：apk update

bash-4.4# apk update fetch https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.6.5-44-gda55e27396 [https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/main/]
v3.6.5-34-gf0ba0b43d5 [https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/alpine/v3.6/community/]
OK: 8533 distinct packages available

四、直接輸入：apk add python3

如今 python 版本爲：3.6.8

bash-4.4# apk add python3 (1/7) Downgrading readline (7.0.003-r1 -> 6.3.008-r5) (2/7) Downgrading bash (4.4.19-r1 -> 4.3.48-r1) Executing bash-4.3.48-r1.post-upgrade (3/7) Installing libressl2.5-libcrypto (2.5.5-r2) (4/7) Installing gdbm (1.12-r0) (5/7) Installing xz-libs (5.2.3-r0) (6/7) Installing libressl2.5-libssl (2.5.5-r2) (7/7) Installing python3 (3.6.8-r0) Executing busybox-1.29.3-r10.trigger OK: 466 MiB in 96 packages

3、驗證 python3

一、查看版本：python3 -V

bash-4.4# python3 -V Python 3.6.8

二、查看 pip3 版本：pip3 -V

bash-4.4# pip3 -V pip 18.1 from /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip (python 3.6)

三、更新pip3：pip3 install --upgrade pip

bash-4.4# pip3 install --upgrade pip Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pypi.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)",)': /simple/pip/ Collecting pip Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f54e86969e8>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Try again',)': /packages/00/b6/9cfa56b4081ad13874b0c6f96af8ce16cfbc1cb06bedf8e9164ce5551ec1/pip-19.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)",)': /packages/00/b6/9cfa56b4081ad13874b0c6f96af8ce16cfbc1cb06bedf8e9164ce5551ec1/pip-19.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'ReadTimeoutError("HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out. (read timeout=15)",)': /packages/00/b6/9cfa56b4081ad13874b0c6f96af8ce16cfbc1cb06bedf8e9164ce5551ec1/pip-19.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/00/b6/9cfa56b4081ad13874b0c6f96af8ce16cfbc1cb06bedf8e9164ce5551ec1/pip-19.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.4MB)
    100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.4MB 93kB/s Installing collected packages: pip Found existing installation: pip 18.1 Uninstalling pip-18.1: Successfully uninstalled pip-18.1 Successfully installed pip-19.3.1

四、生成 requirements.txt：

①生成方法：pip freeze > requirements.txt
②使用方法：pip install -r requirements.txt

五、我是直接粘貼上去：vi requirements.txt

保存退出：

六、執行：pip3 install -r requirements.txt

bash-4.4# pip3 install -r requirements.txt Collecting ddt==1.2.2 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/85/f3/44aea9a98e15e01d276618955dd78229dbc1500ec64146cf215022b84615/ddt-1.2.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting PyMySQL==0.9.3 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ed/39/15045ae46f2a123019aa968dfcba0396c161c20f855f11dea6796bcaae95/PyMySQL-0.9.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (47kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 51kB 163kB/s Collecting requests==2.22.0 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/51/bd/23c926cd341ea6b7dd0b2a00aba99ae0f828be89d72b2190f27c11d4b7fb/requests-2.22.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (57kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 17kB/s Collecting urllib3==1.25.7 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b4/40/a9837291310ee1ccc242ceb6ebfd9eb21539649f193a7c8c86ba15b98539/urllib3-1.25.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (125kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 133kB 19kB/s Collecting xlrd==1.2.0 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b0/16/63576a1a001752e34bf8ea62e367997530dc553b689356b9879339cf45a4/xlrd-1.2.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (103kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 8.1kB/s Collecting xlutils==2.0.0 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/c7/55/e22ac73dbb316cabb5db28bef6c87044a95914f713a6e81b593f8a0d2f79/xlutils-2.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (55kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 15kB/s Collecting xlwt==1.3.0 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/44/48/def306413b25c3d01753603b1a222a011b8621aed27cd7f89cbc27e6b0f4/xlwt-1.3.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (99kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 102kB 7.2kB/s Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/bc/a9/01ffebfb562e4274b6487b4bb1ddec7ca55ec7510b22e4c51f14098443b8/chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (133kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 143kB 4.9kB/s Collecting idna<2.9,>=2.5 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/14/2c/cd551d81dbe15200be1cf41cd03869a46fe7226e7450af7a6545bfc474c9/idna-2.8-py2.py3-none-any.whl (58kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 61kB 13kB/s Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/b9/63/df50cac98ea0d5b006c55a399c3bf1db9da7b5a24de7890bc9cfd5dd9e99/certifi-2019.11.28-py2.py3-none-any.whl (156kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 163kB 13kB/s Installing collected packages: ddt, PyMySQL, chardet, idna, certifi, urllib3, requests, xlrd, xlwt, xlutils Successfully installed PyMySQL-0.9.3 certifi-2019.11.28 chardet-3.0.4 ddt-1.2.2 idna-2.8 requests-2.22.0 urllib3-1.25.7 xlrd-1.2.0 xlutils-2.0.0 xlwt-1.3.0

最後總結：docker 容器內若是安裝其它環境會比較複雜點，如遇到 gcc 等依賴包，忽然給你報個錯，不知所措了。

不像咱們在阿里雲的服務器同樣，給你安裝好那麼多工具，小龍遇到過：C編譯問題、apt-get 安裝問題、安裝完沒有pip3等等。用apt-get也成功過，可是仍是比較推薦上述這種一步到位！

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