LeetCode 0034. Find First and Last Position of Element in Sorted Array在排序數組中查找元素的第一個和最後一個位置【Medium】【Python】【二分】
LeetCodepython
Given an array of integers nums
sorted in ascending order, find the starting and ending position of a given target
value.git
Your algorithm's runtime complexity must be in the order of O(log n).github
If the target is not found in the array, return [-1, -1]
.算法
Example 1:數組
Input: nums = [5,7,7,8,8,10], target = 8 Output: [3,4]
Example 2:指針
Input: nums = [5,7,7,8,8,10], target = 6 Output: [-1,-1]
力扣code
給定一個按照升序排列的整數數組 nums
,和一個目標值 target
。找出給定目標值在數組中的開始位置和結束位置。排序
你的算法時間複雜度必須是 O(log n) 級別。element
若是數組中不存在目標值,返回 [-1, -1]
。leetcode
示例 1:
輸入: nums = [5,7,7,8,8,10], target = 8 輸出: [3,4]
示例 2:
輸入: nums = [5,7,7,8,8,10], target = 6 輸出: [-1,-1]
二分查找
兩次二分查找。 1. 查找 left,因此 nums[mid] < target 時,才移動 left 指針 2. 查找 right,因此 nums[mid] <= target 時,才移動 left 指針 3. lower_bound 返回的是開始的第一個知足條件的位置,而 upper_bound 返回的是第一個不知足條件的位置。因此,當兩個相等的時候表明沒有找到,若是找到了的話,須要返回的是 [left, right - 1]。
時間複雜度: O(logn)
空間複雜度: O(1)
class Solution(object): def searchRange(self, nums, target): """ :type nums: List[int] :type target: int :rtype: List[int] """ # solution one: binary search left = self.lowwer_bound(nums, target) right = self.higher_bound(nums, target) if left == right: return [-1, -1] return [left, right - 1] def lowwer_bound(self, nums, target): # find in range [left, right) left, right = 0, len(nums) while left < right: mid = int((left + right) / 2) if nums[mid] < target: # < left = mid + 1 else: right = mid return left def higher_bound(self, nums, target): # find in range [left, right) left, right = 0, len(nums) while left < right: mid = int((left + right) / 2) if nums[mid] <= target: # <= left = mid + 1 else: right = mid return left # # solution two: bisect # left = bisect.bisect_left(nums, target) # right = bisect.bisect_right(nums, target) # if left == right: # return [-1, -1] # return [left, right - 1]