oracle表分區
/**
何時使用分區表：
一、表的大小超過2GB。
二、表中包含歷史數據，新的數據被增長到新的分區中。
(3).表分區的優缺點
表分區有如下優勢：
一、改善查詢性能：對分區對象的查詢能夠僅搜索本身關心的分區，提升檢索速度。
二、加強可用性：若是表的某個分區出現故障，表在其餘分區的數據仍然可用；
三、維護方便：若是表的某個分區出現故障，須要修復數據，只修復該分區便可；
四、均衡I/O：能夠把不一樣的分區映射到不一樣磁盤以平衡I/O，改善整個系統性能。
缺點：
分區表相關：已經存在的表沒有方法能夠直接轉化爲分區表。不過 Oracle 提供了在線重定義表的功能。
*/
--範圍分區
--根據某個字段的值範圍來分區
create table graderecord
(
sno varchar2(10),
sname varchar2(20),
dormitory varchar2(3),
grade int
)
partition by range(grade)(
partition bujige values less than(60),
partition hege values less than(70),
partition lianghao values less than(80),
partition youxiu values less than(maxvalue)--當值爲null的時候，oracle將會將這條記錄劃到maxvalue這個分區裏面
)
insert into graderecord values('511601','魁','229',92);
insert into graderecord values('511602','凱','229',62);
insert into graderecord values('511603','東','229',26);
insert into graderecord values('511604','亮','228',77);
insert into graderecord values('511605','敬','228',47);
insert into graderecord(sno,sname,dormitory) values('511606','峯','228');
insert into graderecord values('511607','明','240',90);
insert into graderecord values('511608','楠','240',100);
insert into graderecord values('511609','濤','240',67);
insert into graderecord values('511610','博','240',75);
insert into graderecord values('511611','錚','240',60);
select * from graderecord order by grade desc;
select * from graderecord partition(bujige);
select * from graderecord partition(hege);
select * from graderecord partition(lianghao);
select * from graderecord partition(youxiu);
--散列分區
--散列分區是根據字段的hash值進行均勻分佈，儘量的實現各分區所散列的數據相等
--drop table graderecord;
create table graderecord
(
sno varchar2(10),
sname varchar2(20),
dormitory varchar2(3),
grade int
)
partition by hash(sno)(
partition p1,
partition p2
)
insert into graderecord values('511601','魁','229',92);
insert into graderecord values('511602','凱','229',62);
insert into graderecord values('511603','東','229',26);
insert into graderecord values('511604','亮','228',77);
insert into graderecord values('511605','敬','228',47);
insert into graderecord(sno,sname,dormitory) values('511606','峯','228');
insert into graderecord values('511607','明','240',90);
insert into graderecord values('511608','楠','240',100);
insert into graderecord values('511609','濤','240',67);
insert into graderecord values('511610','博','240',75);
insert into graderecord values('511611','錚','240',60);
commit;
select * from graderecord order by grade desc;
select * from graderecord partition(p1);
select * from graderecord partition(p2);
--列表分區
--根據某個字段某個值來分區
drop table graderecord;
create table graderecord
(
sno varchar2(10),
sname varchar2(20),
dormitory varchar2(3),
grade int
)
partition by list(dormitory)(
partition p229 values('229'),
partition p228 values('228'),
partition p240 values('240')
)
insert into graderecord values('511601','魁','229',92);
insert into graderecord values('511602','凱','229',62);
insert into graderecord values('511603','東','229',26);
insert into graderecord values('511604','亮','228',77);
insert into graderecord values('511605','敬','228',47);
insert into graderecord(sno,sname,dormitory) values('511606','峯','228');
insert into graderecord values('511607','明','240',90);
insert into graderecord values('511608','楠','240',100);
insert into graderecord values('511609','濤','240',67);
insert into graderecord values('511610','博','240',75);
insert into graderecord values('511611','錚','240',60);
commit;
select * from graderecord order by grade desc;
select * from graderecord partition(p229);
select * from graderecord partition(p228);
select * from graderecord partition(p240);
--複合分區
--列表分區不支持多列，範圍分區和散列分區支持多列
--範圍-散列分區
drop table graderecord;
create table graderecord
(
sno varchar2(10),
sname varchar2(20),
dormitory varchar2(3),
grade int
)
partition by range(grade) subpartition by hash(sno,sname)(
partition p1 values less than(75)(
subpartition s1,subpartition s2
),
partition p2 values less than(maxvalue)(
subpartition s3,subpartition s4
)
);
insert into graderecord values('511601','魁','229',92);
insert into graderecord values('511602','凱','229',62);
insert into graderecord values('511603','東','229',26);
insert into graderecord values('511604','亮','228',77);
insert into graderecord values('511605','敬','228',47);
insert into graderecord(sno,sname,dormitory) values('511606','峯','228');
insert into graderecord values('511607','明','240',90);
insert into graderecord values('511608','楠','240',100);
insert into graderecord values('511609','濤','240',67);
insert into graderecord values('511610','博','240',75);
insert into graderecord values('511611','錚','240',60);
insert into graderecord values('511612','狸','244',72);
insert into graderecord values('511613','傑','244',88);
insert into graderecord values('511614','萎','244',19);
insert into graderecord values('511615','猥','244',65);
insert into graderecord values('511616','丹','244',59);
insert into graderecord values('511617','靳','244',95);
select * from graderecord partition(p1);
select * from graderecord partition(p2);
select * from graderecord subpartition(s1);
select * from graderecord subpartition(s2);
select * from graderecord subpartition(s3);
select * from graderecord subpartition(s4);
--範圍-列表分區
--範圍分區 range(A,B)的分區法則，範圍分區都是 values less than(A,B)的，一般狀況下以A爲準
--若是小於A的不用考慮B，直接插進去，若是等於A那麼考慮B，要是知足B的話也插進去
create table MobileMessage
(
ACCT_MONTH VARCHAR2(6), -- 賬期 格式：年月 YYYYMM
AREA_NO VARCHAR2(10), -- 地域號碼
DAY_ID VARCHAR2(2), -- 本月中的第幾天 格式 DD
SUBSCRBID VARCHAR2(20), -- 用戶標識
SVCNUM VARCHAR2(30) -- 手機號碼
)
partition by range(ACCT_MONTH,AREA_NO) subpartition by list(DAY_ID)(
partition p1 values less than('200705','012')(
subpartition shangxun1 values('01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10'),
subpartition zhongxun1 values('11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20'),
subpartition xiaxun1 values('21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','29','30','31')
),
partition p2 values less than('200709','014')(
subpartition shangxun2 values('01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10'),
subpartition zhongxun2 values('11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20'),
subpartition xiaxun2 values('21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','29','30','31')
),
partition p3 values less than('200801','016')(
subpartition shangxun3 values('01','02','03','04','05','06','07','08','09','10'),
subpartition zhongxun3 values('11','12','13','14','15','16','17','18','19','20'),
subpartition xiaxun3 values('21','22','23','24','25','26','27','28','29','30','31')
)
);
insert into MobileMessage values('200701','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200702','015','12','myx001','13633330000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200703','015','24','hjd001','13300000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200704','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200705','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200705','011','18','sxl001','13222000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200706','011','21','sxl001','13222000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200706','012','11','tgg001','13800044400');
insert into MobileMessage values('200707','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200708','012','24','tgg001','13800044400');
insert into MobileMessage values('200709','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200710','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200711','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200711','013','30','wgc001','13444000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200712','013','30','wgc001','13444000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200712','010','30','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200801','015','22','myx001','13633330000');
select * from MobileMessage partition(p1);
select * from MobileMessage partition(p2);
select * from MobileMessage partition(p3);
select * from MobileMessage partition(shangxun1);
select * from MobileMessage partition(zhongxun1);
select * from MobileMessage partition(xiaxun1);
--帶模板的範圍-列表分區
drop table MobileMessage;
create table MobileMessage
(
ACCT_MONTH VARCHAR2(6), -- 賬期 格式：年月 YYYYMM
AREA_NO VARCHAR2(10), -- 地域號碼
DAY_ID VARCHAR2(2), -- 本月中的第幾天 格式 DD
SUBSCRBID VARCHAR2(20), -- 用戶標識
SVCNUM VARCHAR2(30) -- 手機號碼
)
partition by range(ACCT_MONTH,AREA_NO) subpartition by list(DAY_ID)
subpartition template
(
subpartition sub1 values('01'),subpartition sub2 values('02'),
subpartition sub3 values('03'),subpartition sub4 values('04'),
subpartition sub5 values('05'),subpartition sub6 values('06'),
subpartition sub7 values('07'),subpartition sub8 values('08'),
subpartition sub9 values('09'),subpartition sub10 values('10'),
subpartition sub11 values('11'),subpartition sub12 values('12'),
subpartition sub13 values('13'),subpartition sub14 values('14'),
subpartition sub15 values('15'),subpartition sub16 values('16'),
subpartition sub17 values('17'),subpartition sub18 values('18'),
subpartition sub19 values('19'),subpartition sub20 values('20'),
subpartition sub21 values('21'),subpartition sub22 values('22'),
subpartition sub23 values('23'),subpartition sub24 values('24'),
subpartition sub25 values('25'),subpartition sub26 values('26'),
subpartition sub27 values('27'),subpartition sub28 values('28'),
subpartition sub29 values('29'),subpartition sub30 values('30'),
subpartition sub31 values('31')
)
(
partition p_0701_010 values less than('200701','011'),
partition p_0701_011 values less than('200701','012'),
partition p_0701_012 values less than('200701','013'),
partition p_0701_013 values less than('200701','014'),
partition p_0701_014 values less than('200701','015'),
partition p_0701_015 values less than('200701','016'),
partition p_0702_010 values less than('200702','011'),
partition p_0702_011 values less than('200702','012'),
partition p_0702_012 values less than('200702','013'),
partition p_0702_013 values less than('200702','014'),
partition p_0702_014 values less than('200702','015'),
partition p_0702_015 values less than('200702','016'),
partition p_0703_010 values less than('200703','011'),
partition p_0703_011 values less than('200703','012'),
partition p_0703_012 values less than('200703','013'),
partition p_0703_013 values less than('200703','014'),
partition p_0703_014 values less than('200703','015'),
partition p_0703_015 values less than('200703','016'),
partition p_0704_010 values less than('200704','011'),
partition p_0704_011 values less than('200704','012'),
partition p_0704_012 values less than('200704','013'),
partition p_0704_013 values less than('200704','014'),
partition p_0704_014 values less than('200704','015'),
partition p_0704_015 values less than('200704','016'),
partition p_0705_010 values less than('200705','011'),
partition p_0705_011 values less than('200705','012'),
partition p_0705_012 values less than('200705','013'),
partition p_0705_013 values less than('200705','014'),
partition p_0705_014 values less than('200705','015'),
partition p_0705_015 values less than('200705','016'),
partition p_0706_010 values less than('200706','011'),
partition p_0706_011 values less than('200706','012'),
partition p_0706_012 values less than('200706','013'),
partition p_0706_013 values less than('200706','014'),
partition p_0706_014 values less than('200706','015'),
partition p_0706_015 values less than('200706','016'),
partition p_0707_010 values less than('200707','011'),
partition p_0707_011 values less than('200707','012'),
partition p_0707_012 values less than('200707','013'),
partition p_0707_013 values less than('200707','014'),
partition p_0707_014 values less than('200707','015'),
partition p_0707_015 values less than('200707','016'),
partition p_0708_010 values less than('200708','011'),
partition p_0708_011 values less than('200708','012'),
partition p_0708_012 values less than('200708','013'),
partition p_0708_013 values less than('200708','014'),
partition p_0708_014 values less than('200708','015'),
partition p_0708_015 values less than('200708','016'),
partition p_0709_010 values less than('200709','011'),
partition p_0709_011 values less than('200709','012'),
partition p_0709_012 values less than('200709','013'),
partition p_0709_013 values less than('200709','014'),
partition p_0709_014 values less than('200709','015'),
partition p_0709_015 values less than('200709','016'),
partition p_0710_010 values less than('200710','011'),
partition p_0710_011 values less than('200710','012'),
partition p_0710_012 values less than('200710','013'),
partition p_0710_013 values less than('200710','014'),
partition p_0710_014 values less than('200710','015'),
partition p_0710_015 values less than('200710','016'),
partition p_0711_010 values less than('200711','011'),
partition p_0711_011 values less than('200711','012'),
partition p_0711_012 values less than('200711','013'),
partition p_0711_013 values less than('200711','014'),
partition p_0711_014 values less than('200711','015'),
partition p_0711_015 values less than('200711','016'),
partition p_0712_010 values less than('200712','011'),
partition p_0712_011 values less than('200712','012'),
partition p_0712_012 values less than('200712','013'),
partition p_0712_013 values less than('200712','014'),
partition p_0712_014 values less than('200712','015'),
partition p_0712_015 values less than('200712','016'),
partition p_0801_010 values less than('200801','011'),
partition p_0801_011 values less than('200801','012'),
partition p_0801_012 values less than('200801','013'),
partition p_0801_013 values less than('200801','014'),
partition p_0801_014 values less than('200801','015'),
partition p_0801_015 values less than('200801','016'),
partition p_other values less than(maxvalue, maxvalue)
);
insert into MobileMessage values('200701','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200702','015','12','myx001','13633330000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200703','015','24','hjd001','13300000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200704','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200705','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200705','011','18','sxl001','13222000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200706','011','21','sxl001','13222000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200706','012','11','tgg001','13800044400');
insert into MobileMessage values('200707','010','04','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200708','012','24','tgg001','13800044400');
insert into MobileMessage values('200709','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200710','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200711','014','29','zjj001','13100000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200711','013','30','wgc001','13444000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200712','013','30','wgc001','13444000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200712','010','30','ghk001','13800000000');
insert into MobileMessage values('200801','015','22','myx001','13633330000');
select * from MobileMessage partition(p_0701_010);
select * from MobileMessage subpartition(p_0701_010_sub1);
--分區的其餘操做
alter table graderecord split partition jige at(75) into(partition keyi,partition lianghao);--分裂分區
alter table graderecord merge partitions keyi,lianghao into partition jige;--合併分區
alter table graderecord add partition p4;--添加分區
alter table table_name drop partition partition_name;--刪除分區
alter table table_name truncate partition partition_name;--清空分區
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