Django- 反向生成url

Django中提供了一個關於URL的映射的解決方案，

1.客戶端的瀏覽器發起一個url請求，Django根據URL解析，把url中的參數捕獲，調用相應的試圖，獲取相應的數據，而後返回給客戶端顯示

2.經過一個視圖的名字，再加上一些參數和值，逆向獲取相應的URL

第一個就是日常的請求有URLconf來解析的過程，

第二個叫作，url的逆向解析，url逆向匹配，url的逆向查閱，等

Django提供了不一樣的層級的url逆向處理工具：

1.在模板templates中，使用url標記，如：{% url %}

2.在Python代碼中，使用django.core.urlresolvers.reverse()方法

3.在更高一層級的處理url中，用get_absolute_url()方法

新一個項目diango

訪問longin頁面跳轉到 index頁面

app01 views.py 

from django.shortcuts import render,redirect,HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse('Index')

def login(request):
    return HttpResponse('longin')

View Code

urls.py 

from django.conf.urls import url
from app01 import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^index/', views.index),
    url(r'^login/', views.login),

]

View Code

在日常作法

views.py

def login(request):
    return redirect('/index/')

若是usr 很長 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/', views.index),
    url(r'^login/', views.login),
]

能夠用日常作法：

 app01 views.py

def login(request):
    return redirect('/index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/')

這種方法看上去不是那麼的友好, 咱們用usl 別名的方式

 導入reverse 

app01/views.py

from django.urls import reverse
def login(request):
    url = ('inx')
    return redirect(url)

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^index/xxxxx/xxx/xxx/xxx/xx/', views.index,name='inx'),
]

經過 usl名稱，反向生成usl 

include方法來實現路由轉發功能

urls.py

url(r'^cmdb/', include’(crm.urls)’),

 crm/urls.py 

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from crm import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^hosts/', views.hosts,name='hosts'),
]

crm/views.py

def hosts(request):
   return HttpResponse('主機列表')

經過這個cmdb前綴分發，分發到本身的urls中，好處能夠將各類的業務拆分

反向生成時，使用reverse(‘namespace:name’)

 新建app,  monitor 、openstack , 

url(r'^monitor/', include('monitor.urls',namespace='m')),
url(r'^openstack/', include('openstack.urls',namespace='o')),

monitor/ulrs.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from monitor import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^hosts/', views.hosts,name='hosts'),
]

monitor/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
def hosts(request):
    return HttpResponse('監控系統，主機列表')

openstack /ulrs.py

from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from openstack import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^hosts/', views.hosts,name='hosts'),
]

openstack /views.py

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

def hosts(request):
    return HttpResponse('OpenStack，主機列表')

登陸成功時跳轉到 openstack/主機列表頁面

def login(request):
    return HttpResponse('Login')
    # 跳轉到 openstack主機列表頁面
    # return redirect('/openstack/hosts/')
    url = reverse('o:hosts')

include本質 【就是元組，一級一級作分發】

 urls.py

from monitor import views as mviews
from openstack import views as oviews
    # /monitor/hosts/
    url(r'^login/', views.login),
        url(r'^monitor/', ([
                                url(r'^hosts/',mviews.hosts,name='hhhhh'),
                                url(r'^c1/',mviews.hosts),
                                url(r'^x1/', ([
                                                url(r'^xxx1/',mviews.hosts),
                                                url(r'^xxx2/',mviews.hosts,name='xx2'),
                                                url(r'^xxx3/',mviews.hosts),
                                                url(r'^xxx4/',mviews.hosts),
                                            ],None,None)),
                                url(r'^c2/',mviews.hosts),
                                url(r'^c3/',mviews.hosts),
                            ],None,'mm')),
        url(r'^openstack/', ([
                                url(r'^hosts/',oviews.hosts,name='hhhhh'),
                                url(r'^c1/',oviews.hosts),
                                url(r'^c2/',oviews.hosts),
                                url(r'^c3/',oviews.hosts),
                            ],None,'oo')),
]

View Code

views.py

    # 跳轉到 openstack主機列表頁面
     url = reverse('oo:hhhhh')
     url = reverse('mm:uu:xx2')

動態生成url

views.py

def login(request):
    return HttpResponse('Login')

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^login/', views.login),
]

for i in range(10):
    temp = []
    for j in range(5):
        temp.append(url(r'^inner_%s/' % j, views.login))
    v = url(r'^login_%s/' %i, (temp,None,None))
    urlpatterns.append(v)