cacti系列之安裝篇 LNMP+cacti+spine (一）

大綱

1、cacti簡述

2、配置nginx、php、mysql

3、cacti + spine 搭建

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1、簡述

Cacti基於SNMP採集數據源，經過rrdtool儲存數據並繪圖呈現給用戶。SNMP獲取的數據源爲.rrd文件，存儲在cacti目錄下的rra目錄。

工做流程如圖：

2、配置nginx、php、mysql（忽略LNMP環境部署過程）

1.配置nginx

#在nginx中加入一個server
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
    server {
        listen 8888;
        access_log  log/access_catic.log main;

        location / {
                index index.html index.php;
                root  /usr/local/cacti/;
        }

        location ~.*\.(php|php5)?$  {
                root   /usr/local/cacti/;
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME   /usr/local/cacti/$fastcgi_script_name;
                include        fastcgi_params;
        }
        location = /favicon.ico {
             log_not_found off;
             access_log off;
        }
       }
      
#添加完成後，測試配置文件語法是否正常
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

#建立cacti日誌文件
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$touch /usr/local/nginx/log/access_cacti.log

#更改nginx及子目錄的屬主屬組
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/nginx/

#啓動nginx
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

#查看nginx啓動的端口
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$netstat -ntlp | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      29641/nginx         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8888                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      29641/nginx

2.配置php：

#更改php.ini時區
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$vim /etc/php.ini
date.timezone =Asia/Shanghai

#更改php-fpm的屬主屬組
[root@jpushoa_6.213 conf]$vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
user = nginx
group = nginx

#啓動php-fpm並查看其端口狀態
[root@jpushoa_6.213 conf]$service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm:                                          [  OK  ]
[root@jpushoa_6.213 conf]$netstat -ntlp | grep php
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      3773/php-fpm

#新建session目錄並更改目錄屬主屬組及權限（/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf中有定義session路徑）
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$mkdir -p /var/lib/php/session
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$chown nginx.nginx /var/lib/php/session
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$chmod -R 770 /var/lib/php/session

3.建立並導入cacti數據庫及用戶密碼受權

mysql> create database cacti;
mysql> use cacti;
mysql> \. /usr/local/cacti/cacti.sql
mysql> create user 'cactiuser'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'cactipasswd';
mysql> grant all on cacti.* to 'cactiuser'@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'cactipasswd';
mysql> flush privileges;

3、cacti＋spine搭建

#1.安裝snmp
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel

#更改團體名和ObjectID（團體名可保持默認）:
[root@cacti ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
#修改前一：
com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
#修改後一：
com2sec notConfigUser  default       TEST
#修改前二：
view systemview included .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
#修改後二：
view systemview included .1

#啓動snmpd服務：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$service snmpd start
Starting snmpd:                                            [  OK  ]

#SNMP數據採集測試：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$snmpnetstat -v 2c -c TEST -Cna -Cp tcp 127.0.0.1
Active Internet (tcp) Connections (including servers)
Proto Local Address          Remote Address         (state)
tcp   *.22                   *.*                   LISTEN
tcp   *.80                   *.*                   LISTEN
tcp   *.111                  *.*                   LISTEN
tcp   *.23177                *.*                   LISTEN
tcp   127.0.0.1.199          *.*                   LISTEN
tcp   192.168.6.213.22       192.168.4.95.50605    ESTABLISHED
tcp   192.168.6.213.22       192.168.4.95.55708    ESTABLISHED

#2.安裝rrdtool：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$yum -y install rrdtool rrdtool-devel

#3.安裝cacti
[root@jpushoa_6.213 data]$wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$tar zxvf cacti-0.8.8h.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$cd /usr/local/
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$mv cacti-0.8.8h/ cacti /
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$chown -R nginx.nginx cacti/

#修改cacti配置文件：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$vim cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "192.168.6.213";
$database_username = "cactiuser";
$database_password = "cactipasswd";
$database_port = "3306";
$database_ssl = false;

#4.安裝spine
[root@jpushoa_6.213]$wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$tar zxvf cacti-spine-0.8.8h.tar.gz
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$./configure --prefix=/usr/local/spine/
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$make && make install
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$chown -R nginx.nginx /usr/local/spine/
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$cp /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf

#修改spine配置文件：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 cacti-spine-0.8.8h]$vim /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf
DB_Host         192.168.6.213
DB_Database     cacti
DB_User         cactiuser
DB_Pass         cactipasswd
DB_Port         3306

#測試spine是否安裝成功：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$spine/bin/spine -C spine/etc/spine.conf
SPINE: Using spine config file [spine/etc/spine.conf]
SPINE: Version 0.8.8h starting
SPINE: Time: 0.1398 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2

#5.cacti每分鐘拉取數據交付rrdtool繪圖。
[root@jpushoa_6.213 local]$crontab -unginx -l
*/1 * * * * /usr/bin/php /usr/local/cacti/poller.php &> /dev/null

#獲取數據測試：
[root@jpushoa_6.213 ~]$su nginx
[nginx@jpushoa_6.213 root]$php /usr/local/cacti/poller.php --force
OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.11
OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.15
OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.18
OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.23
OK u:0.00 s:0.01 r:0.30
05/17/2016 02:05:57 PM - SYSTEM STATS: Time:0.4624 Method:cmd.php Processes:1 Threads:N/A Hosts:2 HostsPerProcess:2 DataSources:5 RRDsProcessed:5

#6.web界面配置篇
#a.打開瀏覽器，輸入cacti服務器IP地址及端口（默認80，無需輸入），進入安裝界面，以下圖，點擊Next:

#b.根據實際狀況選擇安裝或升級，咱們是全新安裝，故選擇Nex Install，而後Next：

#c.檢查全部路徑配置，配置正確會提示OK,用綠色字體標出；通常無需更改，咱們直接Finish:

#d.提示用戶名密碼，默認都爲admin。輸入後點擊Login:

#e.此時會提示強制更改密碼，輸入新密碼後Save，即登錄cacti管理界面

#f.進入「console-configuration-settings-General「，找到SNMP Defaults，更改SNMP Version
爲Version 2；更改SNMP Community爲你設置的團體名，默認爲public。

#g.進入「console-configuration-settings-Pathes「下，找到Alternate Poller Path,在Spine 
Poller File Path後填入你安裝spine時的路徑並保存，正常則會提示"OK：FILE FOUND"

#h.進入「console-configuration-settings-Poller」，更改Poller Type爲spine（默認爲cmd.php)，修改Poller Interval、Cron Interval爲你設置的任務計劃時間並保存。

#i.到此，cacti安裝已完成。cacti默認有把本機加入監控，可查看圖形顯示效果。點擊管理界面最左上角的「graphs-Default Tree-Host:Localhost":