關於oracle sqlldr control file的格式

時間 2019-11-13

標籤關於 oracle sqlldr control file 格式欄目 Oracle 简体版

原文原文鏈接

1Sqlldr userid=lgone/tiger control=a.ctl
2LOAD DATA
3INFILE 't.dat' // 要導入的文件
4// INFILE 'tt.date' // 導入多個文件
5// INFILE * // 要導入的內容就在control文件裏下面的BEGINDATA後面就是導入的內容, *和't.dat'不能同時存在
6
7INTO TABLE table_name // 指定裝入的表
8BADFILE 'c:bad.txt' // 指定壞文件地址
9
10************* 如下是4種裝入表的方式
11APPEND // 原先的表有數據就加在後面
12// INSERT // 裝載空表若是原先的表有數據 sqlloader會中止默認值
13// REPLACE // 原先的表有數據原先的數據會所有刪除
14// TRUNCATE // 指定的內容和replace的相同會用truncate語句刪除現存數據
15
16************* 指定的TERMINATED能夠在表的開頭也可在表的內部字段部分
17FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
18// 裝載這種數據: 10,lg,"""lg""","lg,lg"
19// 在表中結果: 10 lg "lg" lg,lg
20// TERMINATED BY X '09' // 以十六進制格式 '09' 表示的
21// TERMINATED BY WRITESPACE // 裝載這種數據: 10 lg lg
22
23TRAILING NULLCOLS ************* 表的字段沒有對應的值時容許爲空
24
25************* 下面是表的字段
26(
27col_1 , col_2 ,col_filler FILLER // FILLER 關鍵字此列的數值不會被裝載
28// 如: lg,lg,not 結果 lg lg
29)
30// 當沒聲明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' 時
31// (
32// col_1 [interger external] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
33// col_2 [date "dd-mon-yyy"] TERMINATED BY ',' ,
34// col_3 [char] TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY 'lg'
35// )
36// 當沒聲明FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','用位置告訴字段裝載數據
37// (
38// col_1 position(1:2),
39// col_2 position(3:10),
40// col_3 position(*:16), // 這個字段的開始位置在前一字段的結束位置
41// col_4 position(1:16),
42// col_5 position(3:10) char(8) // 指定字段的類型
43// )
44
45BEGINDATA // 對應開始的 INFILE * 要導入的內容就在control文件裏
4610,Sql,what
4720,lg,show
48
49=====================================================================================
50/**///////////// 注意begindata後的數值前面不能有空格
51
521 ***** 普通裝載
53LOAD DATA
54INFILE *
55INTO TABLE DEPT
56REPLACE
57FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
58(DEPTNO,
59DNAME,
60LOC
61)
62BEGINDATA
6310,Sales,"""USA"""
6420,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
6530,Consulting,Virginia
6640,Finance,Virginia
6750,"Finance","",Virginia // loc 列將爲空
6860,"Finance",,Virginia // loc 列將爲空
69
702 ***** FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE 和 FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09' 的狀況
71LOAD DATA
72INFILE *
73INTO TABLE DEPT
74REPLACE
75FIELDS TERMINATED BY WHITESPACE
76-- FIELDS TERMINATED BY x'09'
77(DEPTNO,
78DNAME,
79LOC
80)
81BEGINDATA
8210 Sales Virginia
83
843 ***** 指定不裝載那一列
85LOAD DATA
86INFILE *
87INTO TABLE DEPT
88REPLACE
89FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
90( DEPTNO,
91FILLER_1 FILLER, // 下面的 "Something Not To Be Loaded" 將不會被裝載
92DNAME,
93LOC
94)
95BEGINDATA
9620,Something Not To Be Loaded,Accounting,"Virginia,USA"
97
984 ***** position的列子
99LOAD DATA
100INFILE *
101INTO TABLE DEPT
102REPLACE
103( DEPTNO position(1:2),
104DNAME position(*:16), // 這個字段的開始位置在前一字段的結束位置
105LOC position(*:29),
106ENTIRE_LINE position(1:29)
107)
108BEGINDATA
10910Accounting Virginia,USA
110
1115 ***** 使用函數日期的一種表達 TRAILING NULLCOLS的使用
112LOAD DATA
113INFILE *
114INTO TABLE DEPT
115REPLACE
116FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
117TRAILING NULLCOLS // 其實下面的ENTIRE_LINE在BEGINDATA後面的數據中是沒有直接對應
118// 的列的值的若是第一行改成 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000,, 就不用TRAILING NULLCOLS了
119(DEPTNO,
120DNAME "upper(:dname)", // 使用函數
121LOC "upper(:loc)",
122LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy', // 日期的一種表達方式還有'dd-mon-yyyy' 等
123ENTIRE_LINE ":deptno||:dname||:loc||:last_updated"
124)
125BEGINDATA
12610,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
12720,Accounting,Virginia,21/6/1999
12830,Consulting,Virginia,5/1/2000
12940,Finance,Virginia,15/3/2001
130
1316 ***** 使用自定義的函數 // 解決的時間問題
132create or replace
133my_to_date( p_string in varchar2 ) return date
134as
135type fmtArray is table of varchar2(25);
136
137l_fmts fmtArray := fmtArray( 'dd-mon-yyyy', 'dd-month-yyyy',
138'dd/mm/yyyy',
139'dd/mm/yyyy hh24:mi:ss' );
140l_return date;
141begin
142for i in 1 .. l_fmts.count
143loop
144begin
145l_return := to_date( p_string, l_fmts(i) );
146exception
147when others then null;
148end;
149EXIT when l_return is not null;
150end loop;
151
152if ( l_return is null )
153then
154l_return :=
155new_time( to_date('01011970','ddmmyyyy') + 1/24/60/60 *
156p_string, 'GMT', 'EST' );
157end if;
158
159return l_return;
160end;
161/
162
163LOAD DATA
164INFILE *
165INTO TABLE DEPT
166REPLACE
167FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
168TRAILING NULLCOLS
169(DEPTNO,
170DNAME "upper(:dname)",
171LOC "upper(:loc)",
172LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )" // 使用自定義的函數
173)
174BEGINDATA
17510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001
17620,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001
17730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02
17840,Finance,Virginia,987268297
17950,Finance,Virginia,02-apr-2001
18060,Finance,Virginia,Not a date
181
1827 ***** 合併多行記錄爲一行記錄
183LOAD DATA
184INFILE *
185concatenate 3 // 經過關鍵字concatenate 把幾行的記錄當作一行記錄
186INTO TABLE DEPT
187replace
188FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
189(DEPTNO,
190DNAME "upper(:dname)",
191LOC "upper(:loc)",
192LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
193)
194BEGINDATA
19510,Sales, // 其實這3行當作一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
196Virginia,
1971/5/2000
198// 這列子用 continueif list="," 也能夠
199告訴sqlldr在每行的末尾找逗號找到逗號就把下一行附加到上一行
200
201LOAD DATA
202INFILE *
203continueif this(1:1) = '-' // 找每行的開始是否有鏈接字符 - 有就把下一行鏈接爲一行
204// 如 -10,Sales,Virginia,
205// 1/5/2000 就是一行 10,Sales,Virginia,1/5/2000
206// 其中1:1 表示從第一行開始並在第一行結束還有continueif next 但continueif list最理想
207INTO TABLE DEPT
208replace
209FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
210(DEPTNO,
211DNAME "upper(:dname)",
212LOC "upper(:loc)",
213LAST_UPDATED date 'dd/mm/yyyy'
214)
215BEGINDATA // 可是好象不能象右面的那樣使用
216-10,Sales,Virginia, -10,Sales,Virginia,
2171/5/2000 1/5/2000
218-40, 40,Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
219Finance,Virginia,13/04/2001
220
2218 ***** 載入每行的行號
222
223load data
224infile *
225into table t
226replace
227( seqno RECNUM //載入每行的行號
228text Position(1:1024))
229BEGINDATA
230fsdfasj //自動分配一行號給載入表t 的seqno字段此行爲 1
231fasdjfasdfl // 此行爲 2
232
2339 ***** 載入有換行符的數據
234注意: unix 和 windows 不一樣 & /n
235< 1 > 使用一個非換行符的字符
236LOAD DATA
237INFILE *
238INTO TABLE DEPT
239REPLACE
240FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
241TRAILING NULLCOLS
242(DEPTNO,
243DNAME "upper(:dname)",
244LOC "upper(:loc)",
245LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
246COMMENTS "replace(:comments,'n',chr(10))" // replace 的使用幫助轉換換行符
247)
248BEGINDATA
24910,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the SalesnOffice in Virginia
25020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the AccountingnOffice in Virginia
25130,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the ConsultingnOffice in Virginia
25240,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the FinancenOffice in Virginia
253
254< 2 > 使用fix屬性
255LOAD DATA
256INFILE demo17.dat "fix 101"
257INTO TABLE DEPT
258REPLACE
259FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
260TRAILING NULLCOLS
261(DEPTNO,
262DNAME "upper(:dname)",
263LOC "upper(:loc)",
264LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
265COMMENTS
266)
267demo17.dat
26810,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
269Office in Virginia
27020,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
271Office in Virginia
27230,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
273Office in Virginia
27440,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
275Office in Virginia
276
277// 這樣裝載會把換行符裝入數據庫下面的方法就不會但要求數據的格式不一樣
278
279LOAD DATA
280INFILE demo18.dat "fix 101"
281INTO TABLE DEPT
282REPLACE
283FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"'
284TRAILING NULLCOLS
285(DEPTNO,
286DNAME "upper(:dname)",
287LOC "upper(:loc)",
288LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
289COMMENTS
290)
291demo18.dat
29210,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,"This is the Sales
293Office in Virginia"
29420,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,"This is the Accounting
295Office in Virginia"
29630,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,"This is the Consulting
297Office in Virginia"
29840,Finance,Virginia,987268297,"This is the Finance
299Office in Virginia"
300
301< 3 > 使用var屬性
302LOAD DATA
303INFILE demo19.dat "var 3"
304// 3 告訴每一個記錄的前3個字節表示記錄的長度如第一個記錄的 071 表示此記錄有 71 個字節
305INTO TABLE DEPT
306REPLACE
307FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
308TRAILING NULLCOLS
309(DEPTNO,
310DNAME "upper(:dname)",
311LOC "upper(:loc)",
312LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
313COMMENTS
314)
315demo19.dat
31607110,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
317Office in Virginia
31807820,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
319Office in Virginia
32008730,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
321Office in Virginia
32207140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
323Office in Virginia
324
325< 4 > 使用str屬性
326// 最靈活的一中可定義一個新的行結尾符 win 回車換行 : chr(13)||chr(10)
327
328此列中記錄是以 a|rn 結束的
329select utl_raw.cast_to_raw('|'||chr(13)||chr(10)) from dual;
330結果 7C0D0A
331
332LOAD DATA
333INFILE demo20.dat "str X'7C0D0A'"
334INTO TABLE DEPT
335REPLACE
336FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
337TRAILING NULLCOLS
338(DEPTNO,
339DNAME "upper(:dname)",
340LOC "upper(:loc)",
341LAST_UPDATED "my_to_date( :last_updated )",
342COMMENTS
343)
344demo20.dat
34510,Sales,Virginia,01-april-2001,This is the Sales
346Office in Virginia|
34720,Accounting,Virginia,13/04/2001,This is the Accounting
348Office in Virginia|
34930,Consulting,Virginia,14/04/2001 12:02:02,This is the Consulting
350Office in Virginia|
35140,Finance,Virginia,987268297,This is the Finance
352Office in Virginia|
353
354==============================================================================
355象這樣的數據用 nullif 子句
356
35710-jan-200002350Flipper seemed unusually hungry today.
35810510-jan-200009945Spread over three meals.
359
360id position(1:3) nullif id=blanks // 這裏能夠是blanks 或者別的表達式
361// 下面是另外一個列子第一行的 1 在數據庫中將成爲 null
362LOAD DATA
363INFILE *
364INTO TABLE T
365REPLACE
366(n position(1:2) integer external nullif n='1',
367v position(3:8)
368)
369BEGINDATA
3701 10
37120lgweb