集羣介紹、keepalived介紹、用Keepalived配置高可用集羣
集羣介紹
- 根據功能劃分爲兩大類：高可用和負載均衡
- 高可用集羣，即「HA"集羣，也常稱做「雙機熱備」，用於關鍵業務。核心原理都是經過心跳線鏈接兩臺服務器，一臺用於提供服務，另一臺做爲冗餘，當提供服務的機器宕機，冗餘將接替繼續提供服務,實現高可用的開源軟件有：heartbeat、keepalived。
- 負載均衡集羣，須要有一臺服務器做爲分發器，它負責把用戶的請求分發給後端的服務器處理，在這個集羣裏，除了分發器外，就是給用戶提供服務的服務器了，這些服務器數量至少爲2臺，實現負載均衡的開源軟件有LVS、keepalived、haproxy、nginx，商業的有F五、Netscaler。
Keepalived介紹
- 在這裏咱們使用keepalived來實現高可用集羣，由於heartbeat在centos6上有一些問題，影響實驗效果。
- keepalived經過VRRP（Virtual Router Redundancy Protocl，虛擬路由冗餘協議）來實現高可用。
- 它是實現路由高可用的一種通訊協議，在這個協議裏會將多臺功能相同的路由器組成一個小組，這個小組裏會有1個master角色和N（N>=1）個backup角色。
- master會經過組播的形式向各個backup發送VRRP協議的數據包，當backup收不到master發來的VRRP數據包時，就會認爲master宕機了。此時就須要根據各個backup的優先級來決定誰成爲新的mater。
- Keepalived要有三個模塊，分別是core、check和vrrp。其中core模塊爲keepalived的核心，負責主進程的啓動、維護以及全局配置文件的加載和解析，check模塊負責健康檢查，vrrp模塊是來實現VRRP協議的。
用Keepalived配置高可用集羣
生產環境中，不少企業把Nginx做爲負載均衡器來用，它的重要性很高，一旦宕機會致使整個站點不能訪問，因此有必要再準備一臺備用Nginx，Keepalived用在這種場景下很是合適。html
1.準備工做
- 準備兩臺機器100和110，100做爲master，110做爲backup。
- 定義一個VIP：172.16.111.150
VIP的英文名字是「Virtual IP",即「虛擬IP",也有人把它叫做「浮動IP」，由於這個IP是由Keepalived給服務器配置上的，服務器靠這個VIP對外提供服務，當master機器宕機，VIP被分配到backup上，這樣用戶看來是無感知的。linux
- 兩臺機器都執行yum install -y keepalived
- 兩臺機器都安裝nginx，其中100上已經使用源碼包編譯安裝過nginx，110上須要yum安裝nginx，命令yum install -y nginx
- 直接經過 yum install nginx 確定是不行的,由於yum沒有nginx，因此首先把 nginx 的源加入 yum 中。
- 將nginx放到yum repro庫中
rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
- 使用yum安裝ngnix yum install nginx
- 查看nginx信息 yum info nginx
- 啓動nginx service nginx start
- 查看nginx版本 nginx -v
2.編輯master機器的keepalived配置文件
[root@gary-tao ~]# ls /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@gary-tao ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@gary-tao ~]# > !$ //清空配置文件內容
[root@gary-tao ~]# viM /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
增長以下配置內容，按需求更改部分配置：
global_defs { //全局定義參數
notification_email {
aming@aminglinux.com //定義接收告警的人
}
notification_email_from root@aminglinux.com //定義發郵件地址（實際上沒用）
smtp_server 127.0.0.1 //定義發郵件地址，若爲127.0.0.1則使用本機自帶郵件服務器發送
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx { //chk_nginx爲自定義名字，後面還會用到它
script "/usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh" //自定義腳本，該腳本爲監控nginx服務的腳本
interval 3 //每隔3S執行一次該腳本
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER //角色爲master
interface ens33 //針對哪一個網卡監聽VIP
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 //權重爲100，master要比backup大
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass aminglinux>com //定義密碼，這個密碼自定義
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.111.150 //定義VIP
}
track_script {
chk_nginx //定義監控腳本，這裏和上面vrr_script後面的字符串保持一致
}
}
3.編輯master機器的監控腳本
[root@gary-tao ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh
//腳本名字是自定義的，與keepalived配置文件要一致
編輯腳本增長以下內容：
#!/bin/bash
#時間變量，用於記錄日誌
d=`date --date today +%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S`
#計算nginx進程數量
n=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
#若是進程爲0，則啓動nginx，而且再次檢測nginx進程數量，
#若是還爲0，說明nginx沒法啓動，此時須要關閉keepalived
if [ $n -eq "0" ]; then
/etc/init.d/nginx start
n2=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
if [ $n2 -eq "0" ]; then
echo "$d nginx down,keepalived will stop" >> /var/log/check_ng.log
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
fi
[root@gary-tao ~]# chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh
//須要給它權限，不然沒法被keepalived調用加載
[root@gary-tao ~]# systemctl start keepalived
//啓動master上的keepalived，若是nginx服務沒有啓動，它會自動拉起來，並監聽VIP
[root@gary-tao ~]# ip addr
//master上已經自動配置了172.16.111.159這個IP
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.100/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.16.111.150/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1ffb:cde1:5f3e:5778/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.131/24 brd 172.16.111.255 scope global dynamic ens37
valid_lft 1057sec preferred_lft 1057sec
inet6 fe80::888c:a1d7:871b:8971/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root 9467 0.0 0.1 120720 1400 ? Ss 19:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 9468 0.0 0.3 122792 3104 ? S 19:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 9469 0.0 0.2 127116 2836 ? S 19:24 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 9641 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/0 R+ 19:26 0:00 grep --color=auto keep
[root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 3132 0.0 0.2 46860 2892 ? Ss 1月23 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 6471 0.0 0.4 48784 4172 ? S 00:00 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 6472 0.0 0.4 48784 4172 ? S 00:00 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 9655 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/0 R+ 19:26 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@gary-tao ~]# less /var/log/messages
//查看日誌
4.兩臺機器都查看防火牆及SElinux是否開啓，開啓須要關閉
[root@gary-tao ~]# setenforce 0 //臨時關閉SELinux //開機關閉SELinux 編輯/etc/selinux/config文件，將SELINUX的值設置爲disabled [root@gary-tao ~]# getenforce //查看SElinux是否關閉 Disabled [root@gary-tao ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //關閉防火牆 [root@gary-tao ~]# iptables -nvL //查看防火牆 Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
5.編輯backup的Keepalived配置文件
[root@gary ~]# ls /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@gary ~]# > !$ //清空配置
> /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
[root@gary ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
編輯增長以下配置內容：
global_defs {
notification_email {
aming@aminglinux.com
}
notification_email_from root@aminglinux.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh" //檢測腳本
interval 3
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP //這個須要改，說明是從的狀態
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90 //這個權重比master少
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass aminglinux>com
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.16.111.150 //這個跟master同樣
}
track_script {
chk_nginx
}
}
6.編輯backup機器的監控腳本
[root@gary ~]# vim /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh
編輯增長以下配置內容：
#時間變量，用於記錄日誌
d=`date --date today +%Y%m%d_%H:%M:%S`
#計算nginx進程數量
n=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
#若是進程爲0，則啓動nginx，而且再次檢測nginx進程數量，
#若是還爲0，說明nginx沒法啓動，此時須要關閉keepalived
if [ $n -eq "0" ]; then
systemctl start nginx
n2=`ps -C nginx --no-heading|wc -l`
if [ $n2 -eq "0" ]; then
echo "$d nginx down,keepalived will stop" >> /var/log/check_ng.log
systemctl stop keepalived
fi
fi
[root@gary ~]# chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/check_ng.sh //更改權限
[root@gary ~]# systemctl start keepalived //啓動服務
[root@gary ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root 16039 0.0 0.1 120720 1400 ? Rs 19:51 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 16040 0.0 0.3 122792 3104 ? S 19:51 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 16041 0.1 0.2 127116 2656 ? S 19:51 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 16059 0.0 0.0 112676 976 pts/0 S+ 19:51 0:00 grep --color=auto keep
[root@gary ~]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 15771 0.0 0.0 46308 948 ? Ss 16:56 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx 15772 0.0 0.2 46692 2148 ? S 16:56 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 16077 0.0 0.0 112676 972 pts/0 S+ 19:51 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
7.測試高可用
- 肯定好兩臺機器上nginx差別,經過curl -I 來查看nginx版本
##master機器 [root@gary-tao ~]# curl -I 172.16.111.100 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.1 Date: Fri, 26 Jan 2018 05:52:53 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 26 Last-Modified: Wed, 03 Jan 2018 11:33:54 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "5a4cbfa2-1a" Accept-Ranges: bytes ##backup機器 [root@gary ~]# curl -I 172.16.111.110 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.12.2 Date: Fri, 26 Jan 2018 05:54:39 GMT Content-Type: text/html Content-Length: 612 Last-Modified: Tue, 17 Oct 2017 13:25:49 GMT Connection: keep-alive ETag: "59e604dd-264" Accept-Ranges: bytes
- 測試1：關閉master上的nginx服務
[root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep nginx root 9975 0.0 0.2 46852 2956 ? Ss 1月25 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf root 15423 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/1 R+ 14:11 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx nobody 43196 0.0 0.4 48776 4700 ? S 00:10 0:00 nginx: worker process nobody 43197 0.0 0.4 48776 4704 ? S 00:10 0:00 nginx: worker process [root@gary-tao ~]# /etc/init.d/nginx stop //關閉服務 Stopping nginx (via systemctl): [ 肯定 ] [root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep nginx //服務自動起來 root 15492 0.0 0.1 45992 1300 ? Ss 14:11 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nobody 15496 0.0 0.3 48480 3948 ? S 14:11 0:00 nginx: worker process nobody 15497 0.0 0.3 48480 3948 ? S 14:11 0:00 nginx: worker process root 15511 0.0 0.0 112680 972 pts/1 R+ 14:11 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
- 測試2：在master上增長iptabls規則限制vrrp發包
[root@gary-tao ~]# iptables -I OUTPUT -p vrrp -j DROP
//把主上VRRP協議出去的包封掉
[root@gary-tao ~]# iptables -nvL //查看防火牆
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 22 packets, 1608 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 15 packets, 1428 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
19 760 DROP 112 -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
在backup上查看
[root@gary ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:5f:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.110/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.16.111.150/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::b6dc:6aed:f1d0:2f43/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary ~]# tail /var/log/messages //查看日誌
Jan 26 14:16:15 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:15 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:20:01 gary systemd: Started Session 33 of user root.
Jan 26 14:20:01 gary systemd: Starting Session 33 of user root.
瀏覽器地址查看：nginx
[root@gary-tao ~]# iptables -F //在master恢復防火牆
//而後backup上查看ip及日誌
[root@gary ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:5f:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.110/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::b6dc:6aed:f1d0:2f43/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary ~]# tail /var/log/messages
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:16:20 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:20:01 gary systemd: Started Session 33 of user root.
Jan 26 14:20:01 gary systemd: Starting Session 33 of user root.
Jan 26 14:30:01 gary systemd: Started Session 34 of user root.
Jan 26 14:30:01 gary systemd: Starting Session 34 of user root.
Jan 26 14:35:28 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received advert with higher priority 100, ours 90
Jan 26 14:35:28 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Jan 26 14:35:28 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
瀏覽器地址查看：vim
- 測試3：關閉master上的keepalived服務
//關閉master上的keepalived服務
[root@gary-tao ~]# systemctl stop keepalived
[root@gary-tao ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.100/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1ffb:cde1:5f3e:5778/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.131/24 brd 172.16.111.255 scope global dynamic ens37
valid_lft 1345sec preferred_lft 1345sec
inet6 fe80::888c:a1d7:871b:8971/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root 20375 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/1 R+ 14:51 0:00 grep --color=auto keep
[root@gary ~]# ip addr //在backup上VIP立刻就起來了
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:5f:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.110/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.16.111.150/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::b6dc:6aed:f1d0:2f43/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary ~]# tail /var/log/messages
Jan 26 14:51:01 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:01 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:01 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:01 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
瀏覽器地址示例圖也改變：後端
- 測試4：啓動master上的keepalived服務
//啓動master上的keepalived服務
[root@gary-tao ~]# systemctl start keepalived
[root@gary-tao ~]# ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.100/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet 172.16.111.150/32 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::1ffb:cde1:5f3e:5778/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: ens37: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:09:e5:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.131/24 brd 172.16.111.255 scope global dynamic ens37
valid_lft 1084sec preferred_lft 1084sec
inet6 fe80::888c:a1d7:871b:8971/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary-tao ~]# ps aux |grep keep
root 20384 0.0 0.1 120720 1400 ? Ss 14:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 20385 0.0 0.3 122792 3100 ? S 14:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 20386 0.0 0.2 127116 2836 ? S 14:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/keepalived -D
root 20456 0.0 0.0 112680 976 pts/1 R+ 14:55 0:00 grep --color=auto keep
[root@gary ~]# ip addr //在backup上VIP立刻斷掉了
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2c:5f:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.16.111.110/16 brd 172.16.255.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::b6dc:6aed:f1d0:2f43/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@gary ~]# tail /var/log/messages //查看日誌顯示
Jan 26 14:51:01 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:51:06 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens33 for 172.16.111.150
Jan 26 14:55:12 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Received advert with higher priority 100, ours 90
Jan 26 14:55:12 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE
Jan 26 14:55:12 gary Keepalived_vrrp[2837]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
[root@gary ~]#
瀏覽器地址示例圖也改變：centos
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