ASP.NET Core實現OAuth2.0的ResourceOwnerPassword和ClientCredentials模式

前言

開發受權服務框架通常使用OAuth2.0受權框架,而開發Webapi的受權更應該使用OAuth2.0受權標準,OAuth2.0受權框架文檔說明參考:https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6749html

.NET Core開發OAuth2.0的項目須要使用IdentityServer4,可參考:https://identityserver4.readthedocs.io/en/dev/git

IdentityServer4源碼:https://github.com/IdentityServergithub

若是在.NET中開發OAuth2.0的項目可以使用OWIN,可參考實例源碼:https://www.asp.net/aspnet/overview/owin-and-katana/owin-oauth-20-authorization-server數據庫

 

實現ResourceOwnerPassword和client credentials模式:

受權服務器:

Program.cs --> Main方法中:須要調用UseUrls設置IdentityServer4受權服務的IP地址json

1             var host = new WebHostBuilder()
2                 .UseKestrel()
3                 //IdentityServer4的使用須要配置UseUrls
4                 .UseUrls("http://localhost:4537")
5                 .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
6                 .UseIISIntegration()
7                 .UseStartup<Startup>()
8                 .Build();

 Startup.cs -->ConfigureServices方法中:api

 1             //RSA:證書長度2048以上,不然拋異常
 2             //配置AccessToken的加密證書
 3             var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
 4             //從配置文件獲取加密證書
 5             rsa.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(Configuration["SigningCredential"]));
 6             //IdentityServer4受權服務配置
 7             services.AddIdentityServer()
 8                 .AddSigningCredential(new RsaSecurityKey(rsa))    //設置加密證書
 9                 //.AddTemporarySigningCredential()    //測試的時候可以使用臨時的證書
10                 .AddInMemoryScopes(OAuth2Config.GetScopes())
11                 .AddInMemoryClients(OAuth2Config.GetClients())
12                 //若是是client credentials模式那麼就不須要設置驗證User了
13                 .AddResourceOwnerValidator<MyUserValidator>() //User驗證接口
14                 //.AddInMemoryUsers(OAuth2Config.GetUsers())    //將固定的Users加入到內存中
15                 ;

Startup.cs --> Configure方法中:服務器

1             //使用IdentityServer4的受權服務
2             app.UseIdentityServer();

Client配置

在Startup.cs中經過AddInMemoryClients(OAuth2Config.GetClients())設置到內存中,配置:app

 1                 new Client
 2                 {
 3                     //client_id
 4                     ClientId = "pwd_client",
 5                     //AllowedGrantTypes = new string[] { GrantType.ClientCredentials }, //Client Credentials模式
 6                     AllowedGrantTypes = new string[] { GrantType.ResourceOwnerPassword },   //Resource Owner Password模式
 7                     //client_secret
 8                     ClientSecrets =
 9                     {
10                         new Secret("pwd_secret".Sha256())
11                     },
12                     //scope
13                     AllowedScopes =
14                     {
15                         "api1",
16                         //若是想帶有RefreshToken,那麼必須設置:StandardScopes.OfflineAccess
17                         //若是是Client Credentials模式不支持RefreshToken的,就不須要設置OfflineAccess
18                         StandardScopes.OfflineAccess.Name,
19                     },
20                     //AccessTokenLifetime = 3600, //AccessToken的過時時間, in seconds (defaults to 3600 seconds / 1 hour)
21                     //AbsoluteRefreshTokenLifetime = 60, //RefreshToken的最大過時時間,in seconds. Defaults to 2592000 seconds / 30 day
22                     //RefreshTokenUsage = TokenUsage.OneTimeOnly,   //默認狀態,RefreshToken只能使用一次,使用一次以後舊的就不能使用了,只能使用新的RefreshToken
23                     //RefreshTokenUsage = TokenUsage.ReUse,   //可重複使用RefreshToken,RefreshToken,固然過時了就不能使用了
24                 }

Scope設置

在Startup.cs中經過AddInMemoryScopes(OAuth2Config.GetScopes())設置到內存中,配置:框架

 1         public static IEnumerable<Scope> GetScopes()
 2         {
 3             return new List<Scope>
 4             {
 5                 new Scope
 6                 {
 7                     Name = "api1",
 8                     Description = "My API",
 9                 },
10                 //若是想帶有RefreshToken,那麼必須設置:StandardScopes.OfflineAccess
11                 StandardScopes.OfflineAccess,
12             };
13         }

帳號密碼驗證

Resource Owner Password模式須要對帳號密碼進行驗證(若是是client credentials模式則不須要對帳號密碼驗證了):asp.net

方式一:將Users加入到內存中,IdentityServer4從中獲取對帳號和密碼進行驗證:

  .AddInMemoryUsers(OAuth2Config.GetUsers())    

方式二(推薦):實現IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator接口進行驗證:

  .AddResourceOwnerValidator<MyUserValidator>() 

IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator的實現:

 1     public class MyUserValidator : IResourceOwnerPasswordValidator
 2     {
 3         public Task ValidateAsync(ResourceOwnerPasswordValidationContext context)
 4         {
 5             if (context.UserName == "admin" && context.Password == "123")
 6             {
 7                 //驗證成功
 8                 //使用subject可用於在資源服務器區分用戶身份等等
 9                 //獲取:資源服務器經過User.Claims.Where(l => l.Type == "sub").FirstOrDefault();獲取
10                 context.Result = new GrantValidationResult(subject: "admin", authenticationMethod: "custom");
11             }
12             else
13             {
14                 //驗證失敗
15                 context.Result = new GrantValidationResult(TokenRequestErrors.InvalidGrant, "invalid custom credential");
16             }
17             return Task.FromResult(0);
18         }
19     }

設置加密證書

經過AddSigningCredential方法設置RSA的加密證書(注意:默認是使用臨時證書的,就是AddTemporarySigningCredential(),不管如何不該該使用臨時證書,由於每次重啓受權服務,就會從新生成新的臨時證書),RSA加密證書長度要2048以上,不然服務運行會拋異常

Startup.cs -->ConfigureServices方法中的配置:

1             //RSA:證書長度2048以上,不然拋異常
2             //配置AccessToken的加密證書
3             var rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
4             //從配置文件獲取加密證書
5             rsa.ImportCspBlob(Convert.FromBase64String(Configuration["SigningCredential"]));
6             services.AddIdentityServer()
7                 .AddSigningCredential(new RsaSecurityKey(rsa))    //設置加密證書

如何生成RSA加密證書(將生成的PrivateKey配置到IdentityServer4中,能夠設置到配置文件中):

1             using (RSACryptoServiceProvider provider = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(2048))
2             {
3                 //Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(provider.ExportCspBlob(false)));   //PublicKey
4                 Console.WriteLine(Convert.ToBase64String(provider.ExportCspBlob(true)));    //PrivateKey
5             }

 

資源服務器

Program.cs -> Main方法中:

1             var host = new WebHostBuilder()
2                 .UseKestrel()
3                 //IdentityServer4的使用須要配置UseUrls
4                 .UseUrls("http://localhost:4823")
5                 .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
6                 .UseIISIntegration()
7                 .UseStartup<Startup>()
8                 .Build();

Startup.cs --> Configure方法中的配置:

            //使用IdentityServer4的資源服務並配置
            app.UseIdentityServerAuthentication(new IdentityServerAuthenticationOptions
            {
                Authority = "http://localhost:4537/",
                ScopeName = "api1",
                SaveToken = true,
                AdditionalScopes = new string[] { "offline_access" },  //添加額外的scope,offline_access爲Refresh Token的獲取Scope
                RequireHttpsMetadata = false,
            });

須要進行受權驗證的資源接口(控制器或方法)上設置AuthorizeAttribute:

1     [Authorize]
2     [Route("api/[controller]")]
3     public class ValuesController : Controller

 

測試

resource owner password模式測試代碼:

 1         public static void TestResourceOwnerPassword()
 2         {
 3             var client = new HttpClientHepler("http://localhost:4537/connect/token");
 4             string accessToken = null, refreshToken = null;
 5             //獲取AccessToken
 6             client.PostAsync(null,
 7                 "grant_type=" + "password" +
 8                 "&username=" + "admin" +
 9                 "&password=" + "123" +
10                 "&client_id=" + "pwd_client" +
11                 "&client_secret=" + "pwd_secret" +
12                 "&scope=" + "api1 offline_access",  //scope須要用空格隔開,offline_access爲獲取RefreshToken
13                 hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
14                 rtnVal => 
15                 {
16                     var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
17                     accessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
18                     refreshToken = jsonVal.refresh_token;
19                 },
20                 fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
21                 ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
22 
23             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(refreshToken))
24             {
25                 //使用RefreshToken獲取新的AccessToken
26                 client.PostAsync(null,
27                     "grant_type=" + "refresh_token" +
28                     "&client_id=" + "pwd_client" +
29                     "&client_secret=" + "pwd_secret" +
30                     "&refresh_token=" + refreshToken,
31                     hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
32                     rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("refresh以後的結果: \r\n" + rtnVal),
33                     fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
34                     ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
35             }
36 
37             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessToken))
38             {
39                 //訪問資源服務
40                 client.Url = "http://localhost:4823/api/values";
41                 client.GetAsync(null,
42                         hd => hd.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken),
43                         rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("\r\n訪問資源服: \r\n" + rtnVal),
44                         fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
45                         ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait(); 
46             }
47         }

client credentials模式測試代碼:

 1         public static void TestClientCredentials()
 2         {
 3             var client = new HttpClientHepler("http://localhost:4537/connect/token");
 4             string accessToken = null;
 5             //獲取AccessToken
 6             client.PostAsync(null,
 7                 "grant_type=" + "client_credentials" +
 8                 "&client_id=" + "credt_client" +
 9                 "&client_secret=" + "credt_secret" +
10                 "&scope=" + "api1",  //不要加上offline_access,由於Client Credentials模式不支持RefreshToken的,否則會受權失敗
11                 hd => hd.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),
12                 rtnVal =>
13                 {
14                     var jsonVal = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(rtnVal);
15                     accessToken = jsonVal.access_token;
16                 },
17                 fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
18                 ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
19 
20             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(accessToken))
21             {
22                 //訪問資源服務
23                 client.Url = "http://localhost:4823/api/values";
24                 client.GetAsync(null,
25                         hd => hd.Add("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken),
26                         rtnVal => Console.WriteLine("訪問資源服: \r\n" + rtnVal),
27                         fault => Console.WriteLine(fault),
28                         ex => Console.WriteLine(ex)).Wait();
29             }
30         }

 

注意

1.RefreshToken默認實現是存儲在內存中的,所以若是受權服務重啓了那麼這些RefreshToken就清空了,也就沒法經過RefreshToken獲取新的AccessToken了,那麼須要實現IPersistedGrantStore接口對Refresh Token等等這些數據進行存儲到數據庫或者NoSql(Redis)中,若是實現IPersistedGrantStore接口可參考http://www.cnblogs.com/skig/p/AspNetCoreAuthCode.html中的源碼

2.資源服務器在第一次解析AccessToken的時候會先到受權服務器獲取配置數據(例如會訪問:http://localhost:4537/.well-known/openid-configuration 獲取配置的,http://localhost:4537/.well-known/openid-configuration/jwks 獲取jwks)),以後解析AccessToken都會使用第一次獲取到的配置數據,所以若是受權服務的配置更改了(加密證書等等修改了),那麼應該重啓資源服務器使之從新獲取新的配置數據;

3.調試IdentityServer4框架的時候應該配置好ILogger,由於受權過程當中的訪問(例如受權失敗等等)信息都會調用ILogger進行日誌記錄,可以使用NLog,例如:

  在Startup.cs --> Configure方法中配置:loggerFactory.AddNLog();//添加NLog

 

源碼:http://files.cnblogs.com/files/skig/OAuth2CredentialsAndPassword.zip

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