HttpClient 以及使用 gson 解析json

時間 2019-11-06

標籤 httpclient 以及使用 gson 解析 json 欄目系統網絡简体版

原文原文鏈接

HttpClient

HttpClient相比傳統JDK自帶的URLConnection，增長了易用性和靈活性（具體區別，往後咱們再討論），它不只是客戶端發送Http請求變得容易，並且也方便了開發人員測試接口（基於Http協議的），即提升了開發的效率，也方便提升代碼的健壯性。所以熟練掌握HttpClient是很重要的必修內容，掌握HttpClient後，相信對於Http協議的瞭解會更加深刻。java

工具類：git

httpPost:github

package com.example.demo.util;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;

/**
 * Created by ningcs on 2017/7/4.
 */
public class HttpRequestUtils {
    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpRequestUtils.class);    //日誌記錄

    /**
     * httpPost
     *
     * @param url       路徑
     * @param jsonParam 參數
     * @return
     */
    public static JSONObject httpPost(String url, JSONObject jsonParam) {

        return httpPostJSONObject(url, jsonParam, false);
    }

    /**
     * post請求
     *
     * @param url            url地址
     * @param jsonParam      參數
     * @param noNeedResponse 不須要返回結果
     * @return
     */
    public static JSONObject httpPostJSONObject(String url, JSONObject jsonParam, boolean noNeedResponse) {
        //post請求返回結果
        DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
        JSONObject jsonResult = null;
        HttpPost method = new HttpPost(url);
        try {
            if (null != jsonParam) {
                //解決中文亂碼問題
                StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonParam.toString());
                System.out.println("entity" + jsonParam.toString());
                System.out.println("entity" + entity.toString());
                entity.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
                entity.setContentType("application/json");
                method.setEntity(entity);
            }
            HttpResponse result = httpClient.execute(method);
            url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
            /**請求發送成功，並獲得響應**/
            if (result.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
                String str = "";
                try {
                    /**讀取服務器返回過來的json字符串數據**/
                    str = EntityUtils.toString(result.getEntity());
                    if (noNeedResponse) {
                        return null;
                    }
                    /**把json字符串轉換成json對象**/
                    jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(str);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    logger.error("post請求提交失敗:" + url, e);
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("post請求提交失敗:" + url, e);
        }
        return jsonResult;
    }

    /**
     * 發送get請求
     *
     * @param url 路徑
     * @return
     */
    public static JSONObject httpGetJsonObject(String url) {
        //get請求返回結果
        JSONObject jsonResult = null;
        String strResult = "";
        try {
            DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //發送get請求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

            /**請求發送成功，並獲得響應**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**讀取服務器返回過來的json字符串數據**/
                strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                /**把json字符串轉換成json對象**/
                jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
                url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
            } else {
                logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url, e);
        }
        return jsonResult;
    }

    /**
     * 發送get請求
     *
     * @param url 路徑
     * @return
     */
    public static String httpGet(String url) {
        //get請求返回結果
        JSONObject jsonResult = null;
        String strResult = "";
        try {
            DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //發送get請求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

            /**請求發送成功，並獲得響應**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**讀取服務器返回過來的json字符串數據**/
                strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                /**把json字符串轉換成json對象**/
//                jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
                url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
            } else {
                logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url, e);
        }
        return strResult;
    }

    /**
     * 發送get請求
     *
     * @param url 路徑
     * @return
     */
    public static String httpGetArray(String url) {
        //get請求返回結果
        JSONArray jsonResult = null;
        String strResult = "";
        try {
            DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            //發送get請求
            HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

            /**請求發送成功，並獲得響應**/
            if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
                /**讀取服務器返回過來的json字符串數據**/
                strResult = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
                /**把json字符串轉換成json對象**/
//                jsonResult = JSONObject.fromObject(strResult);
                url = URLDecoder.decode(url, "UTF-8");
            } else {
                logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            logger.error("get請求提交失敗:" + url, e);
        }
        return strResult;
    }
}

gson：web

package com.example.demo.util;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
 */
public class GsonUtils {

    // 將Json數據解析成相應的映射對象
    public static <T> T parseJsonWithGson(String jsonData, Class<T> type) {
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        T result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, type);
        return result;
    }

    /**
     *  Exception：java.lang.IllegalStateException: Expected BEGIN_ARRAY but was BEGIN_OBJECT
     * 錯誤緣由：
     * 應該以JsonArray的形式接收。
     * JsonArray json =new JsonArray();
     */

    // 將Json數組解析成相應的映射對象列表
    public static <T> List<T> parseJsonArrayWithGson(String jsonData,
                                                     Class<T> type) {
        Gson gson = new Gson();
        List<T> result = gson.fromJson(jsonData, new TypeToken<List<T>>(){
        }.getType());
        return result;
    }


}

實現類 service：spring

package com.example.demo.service.impl;

import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.entity.User;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
import com.example.demo.util.GsonUtils;
import com.example.demo.util.HttpRequestUtils;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
 */
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Value("${get_user_ip}")
    private String url;

    //返回json格式
    @Override
    public JSONObject getUserInfo(String idNumber) {
        String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
        JSONObject result = HttpRequestUtils.httpGetJsonObject(url + "/user/getUser.do" + params);
        return result;
    }

    //json格式轉對象
    @Override
    public User getUser(String idNumber) {
        String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
        String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayList.do" + params);
        User user = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, User.class);
        return user;
    }

    //json格式數組
    @Override
    public List<User> getUserList(String idNumber) {
        String params = "?" + "player_id_number=" + idNumber;
        String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayList.do" + params);
        List<User> userList = GsonUtils.parseJsonArrayWithGson(str, User.class);
        return userList;
    }

//-----------------------------測試----------------------------------------------

    /**
     * 若是有參數參考上面，已測，post方法和get同樣，
     * 具體能夠參照 get.
     *
     * @param idNumber
     * @return
     */
    //json格式轉對象
    @Override
    public MatchDay getMatchDay(String idNumber) {
        String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDay.do");
        MatchDay matchDay = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, MatchDay.class);
        return matchDay;
    }

    //json格式數組能夠用JsonObject接收
    @Override
    public MatchDayModel getMatchDayList(String idNumber) {
        String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayListJson.do");
        MatchDayModel matchDayModel = GsonUtils.parseJsonWithGson(str, MatchDayModel.class);
        return matchDayModel;
    }

    //json格式數組能夠用JsonArrayt接收
    @Override
    public List<MatchDay> getMatchDayListArray(String idNumber) {
        String str = HttpRequestUtils.httpGet(url + "/apply/getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray.do");
        List<MatchDay> matchDays = GsonUtils.parseJsonArrayWithGson(str, MatchDay.class);
        return matchDays;
    }


}

測試：apache

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
 */
@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDay",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
    public MatchDay getMatchDay(String idNumber){
        return userService.getMatchDay(idNumber);

    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDayList",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
    public MatchDayModel getMatchDayList(String idNumber){
        return userService.getMatchDayList(idNumber);

    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchDayListArray",method = {RequestMethod.POST,RequestMethod.GET})
    public List<MatchDay> getUserList(String idNumber){
        return userService.getMatchDayListArray(idNumber);
    }

}

測試提供：json

package com.example.demo.controller;

import com.example.demo.entity.MatchDay;
import com.example.demo.model.MatchDayModel;
import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by ningcs on 2017/7/26.
 *
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("apply")
public class HttpProvider {


    /**
     *
     * list 放在對象裏面
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDay", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
    public JSONObject getMatchApplyDay() {

        JSONObject jsonObject =new JSONObject();
        MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
        matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
        matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
        matchDay.setStatus(1);
        matchDay.setId(1);
        return jsonObject.fromObject(matchDay);
    }


    /**
     *
     * list 放在對象裏面
     *
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDayListJson", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
    public JSONObject getMatchApplyDayListJson() {

        JSONObject jsonObject =new JSONObject();
        MatchDayModel matchDayModel =new MatchDayModel();
        List<MatchDay> matchDays =new ArrayList<>();
        MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
        matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
        matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
        matchDay.setStatus(1);
        matchDay.setId(1);
        matchDays.add(matchDay);
        matchDayModel.setMatchDays(matchDays);

        return jsonObject.fromObject(matchDayModel);
    }

    /**
     *
     * 用JsonArray返回
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray", method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})
    public JSONArray getMatchApplyDayListJsonArray() {

        JSONArray jsonArray =new JSONArray();
        List<MatchDay> matchDays =new ArrayList<>();
        MatchDay matchDay =new MatchDay();
        matchDay.setDayInfo("2016");
        matchDay.setDayInfoDetail("2016-09");
        matchDay.setStatus(1);
        matchDay.setId(1);
        matchDays.add(matchDay);

        return jsonArray.fromObject(matchDays);
    }


}

配置文件：數組

get_user_ip=http://localhost:7073/
server.port=7073

詳細運行結果：服務器

hithub地址：app

https://github.com/ningcs/SpringBootHttpClient

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