SQL>select * from dictionary where instr(comments,'index')>0;
若是咱們想知道user_indexes表各字段名稱的詳細含義,能夠用下面這條SQL語句:
SQL>select column_name,comments from dict_columns where table_name='USER_INDEXES';
依此類推,就能夠輕鬆知道數據字典的詳細名稱和解釋,不用查看ORACLE的其它文檔資料了。
下面按類別列出一些ORACLE用戶經常使用數據字典的查詢使用方法。
一、用戶
查看當前用戶的缺省表空間 SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;
查看當前用戶的角色 SQL>select * from user_role_privs;
查看當前用戶的系統權限和表級權限 SQL>select * from user_sys_privs; SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;
二、表
查看用戶下全部的表 SQL>select * from user_tables;
查看名稱包含log字符的表 SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objects where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;
查看某表的建立時間 SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');
查看某表的大小 SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&table_name');
查看放在ORACLE的內存區裏的表 SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;
三、索引
查看索引個數和類別 SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;
查看索引被索引的字段 SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');
查看索引的大小 SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments where segment_name=upper('&index_name');
四、序列號
查看序列號,last_number是當前值 SQL>select * from user_sequences;
五、視圖
查看視圖的名稱 SQL>select view_name from user_views;
查看建立視圖的select語句 SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views; SQL>set long 2000; 說明:能夠根據視圖的text_length值設定set long 的大小 SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');
六、同義詞
查看同義詞的名稱 SQL>select * from user_synonyms;
七、約束條件
查看某表的約束條件 SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name');
SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name') and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name order by cc.position;
八、存儲函數和過程
查看函數和過程的狀態 SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='FUNCTION'; SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE';
查看函數和過程的源代碼 SQL>select text from all_source where owner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name');
3、查看數據庫的SQL 一、查看錶空間的名稱及大小
select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name group by t.tablespace_name;
二、查看錶空間物理文件的名稱及大小
select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;
三、查看回滾段名稱及大小
select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status, (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, max_extents, v.curext CurExtent From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+) order by segment_name ;
四、查看控制文件
select name from v$controlfile;
五、查看日誌文件
select member from v$logfile;
六、查看錶空間的使用狀況
select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name;
SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE, (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE" FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
七、查看數據庫庫對象
select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;
八、查看數據庫的版本
Select version FROM Product_component_version Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';
九、查看數據庫的建立日期和歸檔方式
Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database; 4、ORACLE用戶鏈接的管理
用系統管理員,查看當前數據庫有幾個用戶鏈接:
SQL> select username,sid,serial# from v$session;
若是要停某個鏈接用
SQL> alter system kill session 'sid,serial#';
若是這命令不行,找它UNIX的進程數
SQL> select pro.spid from v$session ses,v$process pro where ses.sid=21 and ses.paddr=pro.addr;
4.數據庫連接 (DATABASE LINK) CREATE DATABASE LINK數據庫連接名CONNECT TO 用戶名 IDENTIFIED BY 密碼 USING ‘數據庫鏈接字符串’;
數據庫鏈接字符串能夠用NET8 EASY CONFIG或者直接修改TNSNAMES.ORA裏定義.
數據庫參數global_name=true時要求數據庫連接名稱跟遠端數據庫名稱同樣
數據庫全局名稱能夠用如下命令查出 SELECT * FROM GLOBAL_NAME;
查詢遠端數據庫裏的表 SELECT …… FROM 表名@數據庫連接名;
五.權限管理 (DCL) 語句
1.GRANT 賦於權限 經常使用的系統權限集合有如下三個: CONNECT(基本的鏈接), RESOURCE(程序開發), DBA(數據庫管理) 經常使用的數據對象權限有如下五個: ALL ON 數據對象名, SELECT ON 數據對象名, UPDATE ON 數據對象名, DELETE ON 數據對象名, INSERT ON 數據對象名, ALTER ON 數據對象名
GRANT CONNECT, RESOURCE TO 用戶名; GRANT SELECT ON 表名 TO 用戶名; GRANT SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON表名 TO 用戶名1, 用戶名2;
2.REVOKE 回收權限
REVOKE CONNECT, RESOURCE FROM 用戶名; REVOKE SELECT ON 表名 FROM 用戶名; REVOKE SELECT, INSERT, DELETE ON表名 FROM 用戶名1, 用戶名2;
查詢數據庫中第63號錯誤: select orgaddr,destaddr from sm_histable0116 where error_code='63';
查詢數據庫中開戶用戶最大提交和最大下發數: select MSISDN,TCOS,OCOS from ms_usertable;
查詢數據庫中各類錯誤代碼的總和: select error_code,count(*) from sm_histable0513 group by error_code order by error_code;
查詢報表數據庫中話單統計種類查詢。 select sum(Successcount) from tbl_MiddleMt0411 where ServiceType2=111 select sum(successcount),servicetype from tbl_middlemt0411 group by servicetype