Dubbo是Alibaba開源的分佈式服務框架,它最大的特色是按照分層的方式來架構,使用這種方式能夠使各個層之間解耦合(或者最大限度地鬆耦合)。從服務模型的角度來看,Dubbo採用的是一種很是簡單的模型,要麼是提供方提供服務,要麼是消費方消費服務,因此基於這一點能夠抽象出服務提供方(Provider)和服務消費方(Consumer)兩個角色。html
先上一個小例子進行分析:java
首先新建2個maven項目來充當消費方,服務方spring
服務方:apache
pom.xml文件主要配置內容:架構
<!-- spring begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 註冊中心zookeeper begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 其餘配置begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>app
配置文件截圖以下:框架
applicationProvider.xml文件內容:maven
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
<dubbo:application name="server-dubbo-demo" />
<!-- zookeeper註冊中心 -->
<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
<!-- 使用multicast廣播註冊中心暴露服務地址 -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
<dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />
<!-- 和本地bean同樣實現服務 -->
<bean id="demoService" class="serviceImp.DemoServiceImp" />
<!-- 向註冊中心註冊暴漏服務地址,註冊服務 -->
<dubbo:service interface="service.DemoService"
ref="demoService" executes="10" />
</beans> 分佈式
接下來編寫咱們提供服務的接口service :ide
public interface DemoService {
String sayHello(String name);
String PrintString();
}
接下來編寫咱們的實現類serviceImp:
import service.DemoService;
public class DemoServiceImp implements DemoService {
@Override
public String sayHello(String name) {
System.out.println("start....");
return "你好 " + name;
}
@Override
public String PrintString() {
return "Hello World";
}
}
這樣就定義好了咱們提供的服務,接下來就是啓動服務方的服務,進行發佈,提供給消費方進行調用
這裏本地使用的是junit進行測試:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class ProviderTest {
@Test
public void mainTest() throws Exception {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationProvider.xml" });
context.start();
System.out.println("輸入任意按鍵退出 ~ ");
System.in.read();
context.close();
}
}
文件的目錄結構以下:
消費方:
pom.xml主要配置文件內容:
<!-- spring begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- spring end -->
<!-- dubbo begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
<version>2.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo end -->
<!-- 註冊中心zookeeper begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.3.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 註冊中心zookeeper end -->
<!-- log begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
<artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>jms</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- other begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.8</version>
</dependency>
<-- 消費方這裏要進行引用服務方服務,因此須要引入服務方工程jar -->
<dependency>
<groupId>test.mvnproject</groupId>
<artifactId>dubboProvider</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<!-- other end -->
<!-- junit begin -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
pom.xml文件截圖以下:
applicationConsumer.xml文件主要配置內容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd ">
<dubbo:application name="consumer-dubbo-demo" />
<!-- zookeeper註冊中心 -->
<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
<dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
<!-- 向註冊中心訂閱服務 -->
<dubbo:reference id="demoService" interface="service.DemoService" />
</beans>
applicationConsumer.xml配置文件以下
消費方這邊咱們也編寫一個測試類調用服務:
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import service.DemoService;
public class ConsumerTest{
@Test
public void consumerTest() {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationConsumer.xml" });
context.start();
//加載服務方的bean
DemoService service = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoService");
//這裏調用服務方的服務
System.out.println(service.sayHello("小明"));
System.out.println(service.PrintString());
context.close();
}
}
接下來把咱們的demo跑起來,首先發布咱們服務方的服務,直接run as ProviderTest,以後啓動消費方的測試類進行服務調用: run as consumerTest
結果顯示: start.....
你好 小明
Hello World
到此完成一個demo的建立.
備註:這裏主要使用的是多播模式實現服務自動註冊與發現:主要用於applicationProvider跟applicationConsumer配置文件中進行註冊中心配置: <dubbo:registry address="multicast://224.5.6.7:1234" />
這裏咱們也能夠使用 zoookeper做爲服務中心,進行服務的發佈,註冊,訂閱 ,使用.
說明一點使用zookeper做爲註冊中心的話,服務方,消費方 配置文件中須要修改註冊中心地址:<!-- <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181" /> -->
接下來先在本機上啓動zookeper註冊中心(直接解壓到英文路徑下直接運行bin/zkServer.cmd)
啓動成功截圖以下:
運行服務方服務,線程阻塞成功,運行消費方,輸出結果:
你好 小明
Hello World
附上zookeper下載連接:
zookeeper即下即用版:http://download.csdn.net/detail/xingbaozhen1210/9532177
具體參考連接阿里的dubbo官網demo: http://dubbo.io/#tutorial
文章參考連接: http://blog.csdn.net/xingbaozhen1210/article/details/51507974