以前咱們實現了 redux 的功能,此次咱們來實現一下配合 redux 開發中常常會用到的一個庫—— react-redux。本文不會詳細介紹 react-redux 的使用,另外須要瞭解 Context API, 再看此文就很容易理解了。能夠看看我以前寫的幾篇文章javascript
用個簡單的加減數字做例子, 把代碼貼出來:java
import { createStore } from 'redux'
// actions
const ADD_NUM = 'ADD_NUM'
const DESC_NUM = 'DESC_NUM'
// action creators
export function addNumAction() {
return {
type: ADD_NUM,
}
}
export function reduceNumAction() {
return {
type: DESC_NUM,
}
}
const defaultState = {
num: 0,
}
// reducer
const reducer = (state = defaultState, action) => {
switch (action.type) {
case ADD_NUM:
return { num: state.num + 1 }
case DESC_NUM:
return { num: state.num - 1 }
default:
return state
}
}
const store = createStore(reducer)
export default store
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index.jsreact
import React from 'react'
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom'
import Demo from './Demo'
import { Provider } from 'react-redux'
import store from './redux.js'
ReactDOM.render(
<Provider store={store}> <Demo /> </Provider>,
document.getElementById('root')
)
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Demo.jsredux
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { connect } from 'react-redux'
import { addNumAction, reduceNumAction } from './redux.js'
class Demo extends Component {
render() {
console.log(this.props)
return (
<div> <p>{this.props.num}</p> <button onClick={this.props.addNum}>增長1</button> <button onClick={this.props.reduceNum}>減小1</button> </div>
)
}
}
const mapStateToProps = state => {
return {
num: state.num,
}
}
const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => {
return {
addNum() {
const action = addNumAction()
dispatch(action)
},
reduceNum() {
const action = reduceNumAction()
dispatch(action)
},
}
}
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Demo)
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就能夠實現 num 的增減:bash
其實一個簡單的 react-redux, 主要也就是實現 connect 和 Provider 的基本功能首先咱們看它的用法,就知道它不是一個函數,而是一個組件:dom
<Provider store={store}>
<Demo />
</Provider>
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React 的 Context API 提供了一種經過組件樹傳遞數據的方法,無需在每一個級別手動傳遞 props 屬性。ide
Provider 的實現比較簡單,核心就是把 store 放到 context 裏面,全部的子元素能夠直接取到 store。函數
export class Provider extends Component {
static childContextTypes = {
store: PropTypes.object
}
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.store = props.store // 也就是 Provider 組件從外部傳入的 store
}
getChildContext() {
return { store: this.store }
}
render() {
return this.props.children // 中間包的組件傳入了 context,其他原封不動返回組件
}
}
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還有個地方你們知道就好,兩種寫法同樣的,對context type 的約束post
export class Provider extends Component {
// 不用 static 來聲明...
}
Provider.childContextTypes = {
store: PropTypes.object
}
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connect用法ui
export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Demo)
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connect 是一個高階組件,就是以組件做爲參數,返回一個組件。
connect 負責鏈接組件,給到 redux 的數據放到組件的屬性裏
export function connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps) {
return function (WrapComponent) {
return class ConnectComponent extends Component {
static contextTypes = {
store: PropTypes.object,
}
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = {
props: {},
}
}
componentDidMount() {
const { store } = this.context
store.subscribe(() => this.update()) // 監聽更新事件
this.update()
}
update() {
const { store } = this.context
let stateToProps = mapStateToProps(store.getState()) // 傳入 redux 的 state
let dispatchToProps = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch) // 傳入 redux 的 dispatch
this.setState({
props: {
...this.state.props,
...stateToProps,
...dispatchToProps,
},
})
}
render() {
return <WrapComponent {...this.state.props} /> } } } } 複製代碼
這樣 connect 就實現了,但還有一個問題,像上面的例子,咱們其實能夠直接傳入 action creators, 而不用本身定義函數傳入 dispatch
export default connect(mapStateToProps, { addNumAction, reduceNumAction })(Demo)
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調用的時候:
<button onClick={this.props.addNumAction}>增長1</button>
<button onClick={this.props.reduceNumAction}>減小1</button>
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那它的 dispatch 哪裏來的,實際上是用了 redux 的 bindActionCreators 函數,在我介紹 redux 的文章有提到,它做用是將 actionCreator 轉化成 dispatch 形式,即
{ addNumAction } => (...args) => dispatch(addNumAction(args))
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因此咱們須要再更改 connect 函數,同時,此次咱們用箭頭函數的形式簡化代碼
import { bindActionCreators } from 'redux'
export const connect = (mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps) => WrapComponent => {
return class ConnectComponent extends Component {
static contextTypes = {
store: PropTypes.object,
}
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = {
props: {},
}
}
componentDidMount() {
const { store } = this.context
store.subscribe(() => this.update())
this.update()
}
update() {
const { store } = this.context
let stateToProps = mapStateToProps(store.getState())
let dispatchToProps
if (typeof mapDispatchToProps === 'function') {
dispatchToProps = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch)
} else {
// 傳遞了一個 actionCreator 對象過來
dispatchToProps = bindActionCreators(mapDispatchToProps, store.dispatch)
}
this.setState({
props: {
...this.state.props,
...stateToProps,
...dispatchToProps,
},
})
}
render() {
return <WrapComponent {...this.state.props} /> } } } 複製代碼
以上,咱們實現了最基本版的 react-redux,而後接下來,咱們用新版的 Context API 再寫一次
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import { bindActionCreators } from 'redux'
const StoreContext = React.createContext(null)
// 此次 Provider 採起更簡潔的形式寫
export class Provider extends Component {
render() {
return (
<StoreContext.Provider value={this.props.store}>
{this.props.children}
</StoreContext.Provider>
)
}
}
export function connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps) {
return function (WrapComponent) {
class ConnectComponent extends Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props)
this.state = {
props: {},
}
}
componentDidMount() {
const { store } = this.props
store.subscribe(() => this.update())
this.update()
}
update() {
const { store } = this.props
let stateToProps = mapStateToProps(store.getState())
let dispatchToProps
if (typeof mapDispatchToProps === 'function') {
dispatchToProps = mapDispatchToProps(store.dispatch)
} else {
// 傳遞了一個 actionCreator 對象過來
dispatchToProps = bindActionCreators(mapDispatchToProps, store.dispatch)
}
this.setState({
props: {
...this.state.props,
...stateToProps,
...dispatchToProps,
},
})
}
render() {
return <WrapComponent {...this.state.props} />
}
}
return () => (
<StoreContext.Consumer>
{value => <ConnectComponent store={value} />}
</StoreContext.Consumer>
)
}
}
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