CentOS 7 下編譯安裝 MySQL-5.7.21

系統環境

操做系統： CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
MySQL版本： MySQL-5.7.21

1. 安裝前的準備

• 編譯安裝MySQL須要一些必備的組件，能夠直接使用yum安裝便可

  yum -y install cmake ncurses-devel gcc-c++

• 建立 Mysql用戶

  useradd mysql

• 分別給mysql建立程序安裝目錄和數據存儲目錄，這裏將mysql安裝在/opt下，數據存儲在 /data/mysql下

  mkdir /opt/mysql-5.7.21
  mkdir /data/mysql/{log,data} -p

• 到官網下載MySQL的安裝包並解壓, 爲了能使用mysql用戶編譯安裝，下載和解壓要使用mysql用戶，不然解壓完後還須要手動改變源碼的屬主權限，才能使mysql用戶有權限執行編譯安裝

  

  wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21.tar.gz
  tar xf mysql-5.7.21.tar.gz

2.開始編譯安裝

• MySQL常見編譯參數

  參數	說明
  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=dir_name	基礎的文件夾，對應mysqld的--basedir參數
  -DINSTALL_BINDIR=dir_name	bin目錄位置
  -DINSTALL_DOCDIR=dir_name	文檔目錄位置
  -DINSTALL_DOCREADMEDIR=dir_name	Readme文件位置
  -DINSTALL_INCLUDEDIR=dir_name	Include目錄位置
  -DINSTALL_LAYOUT=name	佈局選項，包括Standalone、RPM、SRV四、DEB
  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=dir_name	數據存放目錄
  -DSYSCONFDIR=dir_name	默認配置my.cnf目錄

• 進入mysql目錄，開始編譯

  cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql-5.7.21 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql-5.7.21/conf -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DWITH_SSL=yes -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/opt/mysql-5.7.21

  

• 編譯成功，執行安裝

  make install

3.安裝後的工做

• 在/opt/mysql-5.7.21目錄下建立 conf目錄，並將源碼包中的mysql默認配製文件拷貝至其中

  mkdir /opt/mysql-5.7.21/conf/
  cp  packaging/rpm-common/my.cnf  /opt/mysql-5.7.21/conf/

• 初始化mysql

  ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/opt/mysql-5.7.21/conf/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --initialize-insecure --collation-server=utf8_general_ci --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

  2018-02-12T06:48:25.794971Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
  2018-02-12T06:48:25.858793Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
  2018-02-12T06:48:25.915154Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b9bda646-0fc0-11e8-b0a0-5254005cdf47.
  2018-02-12T06:48:25.916131Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
  2018-02-12T06:48:26.297824Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
  2018-02-12T06:48:26.420848Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

• 修改mysql配製並建立 mysql log目錄

  # For advice on how to change settings please see
  # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
  
  [mysqld]
  #
  # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
  # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
  # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
  #
  # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
  # changes to the binary log between backups.
  # log_bin
  #
  # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
  # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
  # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
  # join_buffer_size = 128M
  # sort_buffer_size = 2M
  # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
  datadir=/data/mysql
  socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
  
  # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
  symbolic-links=0
  
  log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysqld.log
  pid-file=/data/mysql/mysqld.pid

  mkdir /data/mysql/log

• 添加mysql系統啓動腳本

  cp -p support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  /etc/init.d/mysqld start

  報錯：

  Starting MySQL. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/data/mysql/mysqld.pid).

  查看錯誤日誌

  tail /data/mysql/log/mysql
  
  ----------
  
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.615325Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.615416Z 0 [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.615453Z 0 [Note] /opt/mysql-5.7.21/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.21) starting as process 24900 ...
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.617334Z 0 [ERROR] COLLATION 'latin1_swedish_ci' is not valid for CHARACTER SET 'utf8'
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.617368Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
  
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.617389Z 0 [Note] Binlog end
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.617574Z 0 [Note] /opt/mysql-5.7.21/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete
  
  2018-02-12T06:58:48.625393Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql/mysqld.pid ended

  修改 mysql啓動腳本，在啓動參數中加上 --collation-server=utf8_general_ci 便可

  

• 將mysql添加進系統環境變量中

  vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
  
  ----------
  export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql-5.7.21/bin
  
  
  ----------

  source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

• 給mysql的root用戶設置密碼

  mysqladmin -u root password '123456'