Spring做爲當前Java最流行、最強大的輕量級框架,受到了程序員的熱烈歡迎。準確的瞭解Spring Bean的生命週期是很是必要的。咱們一般使用ApplicationContext做爲Spring容器。這裏,咱們講的也是 ApplicationContext中Bean的生命週期。而實際上BeanFactory也是差很少的,只不過處理器須要手動註冊。html
1、生命週期流程圖:java
Spring Bean的完整生命週期從建立Spring容器開始,直到最終Spring容器銷燬Bean,這其中包含了一系列關鍵點。程序員
若容器註冊了以上各類接口,程序那麼將會按照以上的流程進行。下面將仔細講解各接口做用。 spring
2、各類接口方法分類框架
Bean的完整生命週期經歷了各類方法調用,這些方法能夠劃分爲如下幾類:ide
一、Bean自身的方法 : 這個包括了Bean自己調用的方法和經過配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method指定的方法post
二、Bean級生命週期接口方法 : 這個包括了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean這些接口的方法測試
三、容器級生命週期接口方法 : 這個包括了InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 和 BeanPostProcessor 這兩個接口實現,通常稱它們的實現類爲「後處理器」。this
四、工廠後處理器接口方法 : 這個包括了AspectJWeavingEnabler, ConfigurationClassPostProcessor, CustomAutowireConfigurer等等很是有用的工廠後處理器 接口的方法。工廠後處理器也是容器級的。在應用上下文裝配配置文件以後當即調用。 spa
3、演示
咱們用一個簡單的Spring Bean來演示一下Spring Bean的生命週期。
一、首先是一個簡單的Spring Bean,調用Bean自身的方法和Bean級生命週期接口方法,爲了方便演示,它實現了BeanNameAware、BeanFactoryAware、InitializingBean和DiposableBean這4個接口,同時有2個方法,對應配置文件中<bean>的init-method和destroy-method。以下:
1 package springBeanTest; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; 4 import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory; 5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryAware; 6 import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean; 8 import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean; 9 10 /** 11 * @author qsk 12 */ 13 public class Person implements BeanFactoryAware, BeanNameAware, 14 InitializingBean, DisposableBean { 15 16 private String name; 17 private String address; 18 private int phone; 19 20 private BeanFactory beanFactory; 21 private String beanName; 22 23 public Person() { 24 System.out.println("【構造器】調用Person的構造器實例化"); 25 } 26 27 public String getName() { 28 return name; 29 } 30 31 public void setName(String name) { 32 System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性name"); 33 this.name = name; 34 } 35 36 public String getAddress() { 37 return address; 38 } 39 40 public void setAddress(String address) { 41 System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性address"); 42 this.address = address; 43 } 44 45 public int getPhone() { 46 return phone; 47 } 48 49 public void setPhone(int phone) { 50 System.out.println("【注入屬性】注入屬性phone"); 51 this.phone = phone; 52 } 53 54 @Override 55 public String toString() { 56 return "Person [address=" + address + ", name=" + name + ", phone=" 57 + phone + "]"; 58 } 59 60 // 這是BeanFactoryAware接口方法 61 @Override 62 public void setBeanFactory(BeanFactory arg0) throws BeansException { 63 System.out 64 .println("【BeanFactoryAware接口】調用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory()"); 65 this.beanFactory = arg0; 66 } 67 68 // 這是BeanNameAware接口方法 69 @Override 70 public void setBeanName(String arg0) { 71 System.out.println("【BeanNameAware接口】調用BeanNameAware.setBeanName()"); 72 this.beanName = arg0; 73 } 74 75 // 這是InitializingBean接口方法 76 @Override 77 public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception { 78 System.out 79 .println("【InitializingBean接口】調用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet()"); 80 } 81 82 // 這是DiposibleBean接口方法 83 @Override 84 public void destroy() throws Exception { 85 System.out.println("【DiposibleBean接口】調用DiposibleBean.destory()"); 86 } 87 88 // 經過<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法 89 public void myInit() { 90 System.out.println("【init-method】調用<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法"); 91 } 92 93 // 經過<bean>的destroy-method屬性指定的初始化方法 94 public void myDestory() { 95 System.out.println("【destroy-method】調用<bean>的destroy-method屬性指定的初始化方法"); 96 } 97 }
二、接下來是演示BeanPostProcessor接口的方法,以下:
1 package springBeanTest; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; 4 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor; 5 6 public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor { 7 8 public MyBeanPostProcessor() { 9 super(); 10 System.out.println("這是BeanPostProcessor實現類構造器!!"); 11 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub 12 } 13 14 @Override 15 public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1) 16 throws BeansException { 17 System.out 18 .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization對屬性進行更改!"); 19 return arg0; 20 } 21 22 @Override 23 public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object arg0, String arg1) 24 throws BeansException { 25 System.out 26 .println("BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization對屬性進行更改!"); 27 return arg0; 28 } 29 }
如上,BeanPostProcessor接口包括2個方法postProcessAfterInitialization和postProcessBeforeInitialization,這兩個方法的第一個參數都是要處理的Bean對象,第二個參數都是Bean的name。返回值也都是要處理的Bean對象。這裏要注意。
三、InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor 接口本質是BeanPostProcessor的子接口,通常咱們繼承Spring爲其提供的適配器類InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor Adapter來使用它,以下:
1 package springBeanTest; 2 3 import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor; 4 5 import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; 6 import org.springframework.beans.PropertyValues; 7 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter; 8 9 public class MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor extends 10 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter { 11 12 public MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor() { 13 super(); 14 System.out 15 .println("這是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter實現類構造器!!"); 16 } 17 18 // 接口方法、實例化Bean以前調用 19 @Override 20 public Object postProcessBeforeInstantiation(Class beanClass, 21 String beanName) throws BeansException { 22 System.out 23 .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法"); 24 return null; 25 } 26 27 // 接口方法、實例化Bean以後調用 28 @Override 29 public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) 30 throws BeansException { 31 System.out 32 .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessAfterInitialization方法"); 33 return bean; 34 } 35 36 // 接口方法、設置某個屬性時調用 37 @Override 38 public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, 39 PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) 40 throws BeansException { 41 System.out 42 .println("InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessPropertyValues方法"); 43 return pvs; 44 } 45 }
這個有3個方法,其中第二個方法postProcessAfterInitialization就是重寫了BeanPostProcessor的方法。第三個方法postProcessPropertyValues用來操做屬性,返回值也應該是PropertyValues對象。
四、演示工廠後處理器接口方法,以下:
1 package springBeanTest; 2 3 import org.springframework.beans.BeansException; 4 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanDefinition; 5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanFactoryPostProcessor; 6 import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableListableBeanFactory; 7 8 public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor { 9 10 public MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor() { 11 super(); 12 System.out.println("這是BeanFactoryPostProcessor實現類構造器!!"); 13 } 14 15 @Override 16 public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory arg0) 17 throws BeansException { 18 System.out 19 .println("BeanFactoryPostProcessor調用postProcessBeanFactory方法"); 20 BeanDefinition bd = arg0.getBeanDefinition("person"); 21 bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue("phone", "110"); 22 } 23 24 }
五、配置文件以下beans.xml,很簡單,使用ApplicationContext,處理器不用手動註冊:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd"> <bean id="beanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanPostProcessor"> </bean> <bean id="instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor"> </bean> <bean id="beanFactoryPostProcessor" class="springBeanTest.MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor"> </bean> <bean id="person" class="springBeanTest.Person" init-method="myInit" destroy-method="myDestory" scope="singleton" p:name="張三" p:address="廣州" p:phone="15900000000" /> </beans>
六、下面測試一下:
1 package springBeanTest; 2 3 import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; 4 import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; 5 6 public class BeanLifeCycle { 7 8 public static void main(String[] args) { 9 10 System.out.println("如今開始初始化容器"); 11 12 ApplicationContext factory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springBeanTest/beans.xml"); 13 System.out.println("容器初始化成功"); 14 //獲得Preson,並使用 15 Person person = factory.getBean("person",Person.class); 16 System.out.println(person); 17 18 System.out.println("如今開始關閉容器!"); 19 ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)factory).registerShutdownHook(); 20 } 21 }
關閉容器使用的是實際是AbstractApplicationContext的鉤子方法。
咱們來看一下結果:
如今開始初始化容器
2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh 信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@19a0c7c: startup date [Sun May 18 15:46:20 CST 2014]; root of context hierarchy 2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions 信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [springBeanTest/beans.xml] 這是BeanFactoryPostProcessor實現類構造器!! BeanFactoryPostProcessor調用postProcessBeanFactory方法 這是BeanPostProcessor實現類構造器!! 這是InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessorAdapter實現類構造器!! 2014-5-18 15:46:20 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory preInstantiateSingletons 信息: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@9934d4: defining beans [beanPostProcessor,instantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor,beanFactoryPostProcessor,person]; root of factory hierarchy InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessBeforeInstantiation方法 【構造器】調用Person的構造器實例化 InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessPropertyValues方法 【注入屬性】注入屬性address 【注入屬性】注入屬性name 【注入屬性】注入屬性phone 【BeanNameAware接口】調用BeanNameAware.setBeanName() 【BeanFactoryAware接口】調用BeanFactoryAware.setBeanFactory() BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessBeforeInitialization對屬性進行更改! 【InitializingBean接口】調用InitializingBean.afterPropertiesSet() 【init-method】調用<bean>的init-method屬性指定的初始化方法 BeanPostProcessor接口方法postProcessAfterInitialization對屬性進行更改! InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor調用postProcessAfterInitialization方法 容器初始化成功 Person [address=廣州, name=張三, phone=110] 如今開始關閉容器! 【DiposibleBean接口】調用DiposibleBean.destory() 【destroy-method】調用<bean>的destroy-method屬性指定的初始化方法 轉載博客地址 http://www.cnblogs.com/zrtqsk/p/3735273.html