httpclient

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本文連接：https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315
HttpClient相比傳統JDK自帶的URLConnection，增長了易用性和靈活性，它不只使客戶端發送Http請求變得容易，並且也方便開發人員測試接口（基於Http協議的），提升了開發的效率，也方便提升代碼的健壯性。所以熟練掌握HttpClient是很重要的必修內容，掌握HttpClient後，相信對於Http協議的瞭解會更加深刻。

org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient與org.apache.http.client.HttpClient的區別

Commons的HttpClient項目如今是生命的盡頭，再也不被開發,  已被Apache HttpComponents項目HttpClient和HttpCore  模組取代，提供更好的性能和更大的靈活性。  

1、簡介

HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子項目，用來提供高效的、最新的、功能豐富的支持HTTP協議的客戶端編程工具包，而且它支持HTTP協議最新的版本和建議。HttpClient已經應用在不少的項目中，好比Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外兩個開源項目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。

下載地址: http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi

2、特性

1. 基於標準、純淨的java語言。實現了Http1.0和Http1.1

2. 以可擴展的面向對象的結構實現了Http所有的方法（GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, and TRACE）。

3. 支持HTTPS協議。

4. 經過Http代理創建透明的鏈接。

5. 利用CONNECT方法經過Http代理創建隧道的https鏈接。

6. Basic, Digest, NTLMv1, NTLMv2, NTLM2 Session, SNPNEGO/Kerberos認證方案。

7. 插件式的自定義認證方案。

8. 便攜可靠的套接字工廠使它更容易的使用第三方解決方案。

9. 鏈接管理器支持多線程應用。支持設置最大鏈接數，同時支持設置每一個主機的最大鏈接數，發現並關閉過時的鏈接。

10. 自動處理Set-Cookie中的Cookie。

11. 插件式的自定義Cookie策略。

12. Request的輸出流能夠避免流中內容直接緩衝到socket服務器。

13. Response的輸入流能夠有效的從socket服務器直接讀取相應內容。

14. 在http1.0和http1.1中利用KeepAlive保持持久鏈接。

15. 直接獲取服務器發送的response code和 headers。

16. 設置鏈接超時的能力。

17. 實驗性的支持http1.1 response caching。

18. 源代碼基於Apache License 可免費獲取。

3、使用方法

使用HttpClient發送請求、接收響應很簡單，通常須要以下幾步便可。

1. 建立HttpClient對象。

2. 建立請求方法的實例，並指定請求URL。若是須要發送GET請求，建立HttpGet對象；若是須要發送POST請求，建立HttpPost對象。

3. 若是須要發送請求參數，可調用HttpGet、HttpPost共同的setParams(HttpParams params)方法來添加請求參數；對於HttpPost對象而言，也可調用setEntity(HttpEntity entity)方法來設置請求參數。

4. 調用HttpClient對象的execute(HttpUriRequest request)發送請求，該方法返回一個HttpResponse。

5. 調用HttpResponse的getAllHeaders()、getHeaders(String name)等方法可獲取服務器的響應頭；調用HttpResponse的getEntity()方法可獲取HttpEntity對象，該對象包裝了服務器的響應內容。程序可經過該對象獲取服務器的響應內容。

6. 釋放鏈接。不管執行方法是否成功，都必須釋放鏈接

相關jar包

commons-cli-1.2.jar
commons-codec-1.9.jar
commons-logging-1.2.jar
fluent-hc-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-cache-4.5.1.jar
httpclient-win-4.5.1.jar
httpcore-4.4.3.jar
httpcore-ab-4.4.3.jar
httpcore-nio-4.4.3.jar
httpmime-4.5.1.jar
jna-4.1.0.jar
jna-platform-4.1.0.jar
最簡單post請求, 源自 http://my.oschina.net/xinxingegeya/blog/282683

package a;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class First {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", ""));
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", ""));
HttpEntity reqEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "utf-8");

RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setConnectTimeout(5000)//1、鏈接超時：connectionTimeout-->指的是鏈接一個url的鏈接等待時間
.setSocketTimeout(5000)// 2、讀取數據超時：SocketTimeout-->指的是鏈接上一個url，獲取response的返回等待時間
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://cnivi.com.cn/login");
post.setEntity(reqEntity);
post.setConfig(requestConfig);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
String message = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(message);
} else {
System.out.println("請求失敗");
}
}

}
4、實例

主文件

package com.test;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.ParseException;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLContexts;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustSelfSignedStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HttpClientTest {
　　//方法見下........
}
HttpClientUtils工具類

package com.bobo.code.web.controller.technology.httpcomponents;


import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpUriRequest;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.RequestBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.*;

public class HttpClientUtils {

private static PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = null;
private static HttpClientBuilder httpBuilder = null;
private static RequestConfig requestConfig = null;

private static int MAXCONNECTION = 10;

private static int DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION = 5;

private static String IP = "cnivi.com.cn";
private static int PORT = 80;

static {
//設置http的狀態參數
requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

HttpHost target = new HttpHost(IP, PORT);
connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
connectionManager.setMaxTotal(MAXCONNECTION);//客戶端總並行連接最大數
connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(DEFAULTMAXCONNECTION);//每一個主機的最大並行連接數
connectionManager.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(target), 20);
httpBuilder = HttpClients.custom();
httpBuilder.setConnectionManager(connectionManager);
}

public static CloseableHttpClient getConnection() {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = httpBuilder.build();
return httpClient;
}


public static HttpUriRequest getRequestMethod(Map<String, String> map, String url, String method) {
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
Set<Map.Entry<String, String>> entrySet = map.entrySet();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : entrySet) {
String name = e.getKey();
String value = e.getValue();
NameValuePair pair = new BasicNameValuePair(name, value);
params.add(pair);
}
HttpUriRequest reqMethod = null;
if ("post".equals(method)) {
reqMethod = RequestBuilder.post().setUri(url)
.addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))
.setConfig(requestConfig).build();
} else if ("get".equals(method)) {
reqMethod = RequestBuilder.get().setUri(url)
.addParameters(params.toArray(new BasicNameValuePair[params.size()]))
.setConfig(requestConfig).build();
}
return reqMethod;
}

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("account", "");
map.put("password", "");

HttpClient client = getConnection();
HttpUriRequest post = getRequestMethod(map, "http://cnivi.com.cn/login", "post");
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);

if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String message = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
System.out.println(message);
} else {
System.out.println("請求失敗");
}
}
}
get方式

/**
* 發送 get請求
*/
public void get() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
// 建立httpget.
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");
System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());
// 執行get請求.
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
// 獲取響應實體
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
// 打印響應狀態
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
// 打印響應內容長度
System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
// 打印響應內容
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity));
}
System.out.println("------------------------------------");
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 關閉鏈接,釋放資源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
post方式 

/**
* 發送 post請求訪問本地應用並根據傳遞參數不一樣返回不一樣結果
*/
public void post() {
// 建立默認的httpClient實例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 建立httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
// 建立參數隊列
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "house"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 關閉鏈接,釋放資源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
post方式亂碼補充　

若是有亂碼,能夠償試使用 StringEntity 來替換HttpEntity:

StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二個參數，設置後纔會對，內容進行編碼
content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");
content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(content);
具體SOAP協議代碼以下:

package com.isoftstone.core.service.impl;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.Scanner;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.EntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.jdom.Document;
import org.jdom.Element;

import com.isoftstone.core.common.constant.RequestConstants;
import com.isoftstone.core.common.tools.XmlTool;
import com.isoftstone.core.service.intf.ServiceOfStringPara;
/**
*
*
*/
public class DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl implements ServiceOfStringPara {
private String serviceUrl = "http://10.30.0.35:7001/ZSInsUW/Auto/PricingService";

private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl.class.getName());

public String invoke(String sRequest) {

StringBuffer soapRequestData = new StringBuffer();
soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Envelope");
soapRequestData.append(" xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" ");
soapRequestData.append(" xmlns:prov=\"http://provider.webservice.zsins.dtt.com/\">");
soapRequestData.append(" <soapenv:Header/> ");
soapRequestData.append("<soapenv:Body>");
soapRequestData.append("<prov:executePrvPricing>");
soapRequestData.append("<arg0>");
soapRequestData.append("<![CDATA[" + sRequest + "]]>");
soapRequestData.append("</arg0>");
soapRequestData.append("</prov:executePrvPricing>");
soapRequestData.append(" </soapenv:Body>");
soapRequestData.append("</soapenv:Envelope>");

HttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(serviceUrl);

StringEntity content =new StringEntity(soapRequestData.toString(), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));// 第二個參數，設置後纔會對，內容進行編碼
content.setContentType("application/soap+xml; charset=UTF-8");
content.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(content);

//用下面的服務器端以UTF-8接收到的報文會亂碼,緣由未知
// HttpEntity reqEntity = EntityBuilder.create().setContentType(
// ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN) // .TEXT_PLAIN
// .setText(soapRequestData.toString()).build();
// httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);
// httppost.addHeader("Content-Type",
// "application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8");
HttpResponse response = null;
Document doc = null;
String returnXml = null;
String sentity = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
if (resEntity != null) {
sentity = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, "UTF-8");
doc = XmlTool.getDocument(sentity, RequestConstants.ENCODE);
System.out.println(doc.toString());
Element eRoot = doc.getRootElement();
Element body = eRoot.getChild("Body", eRoot.getNamespace());
Element resp = (Element) body.getChildren().get(0);
Element returnele = resp.getChild("return");
returnXml = returnele.getText().toString();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
log.info("發送給系統的請求報文：\n" + soapRequestData.toString());
log.info("系統返回的響應報文：\n" + sentity);
log.info("返回給核心的的報文:\n" + returnXml);
}
return returnXml;
}


public String getServiceUrl() {
return serviceUrl;
}


public void setServiceUrl(String serviceUrl) {
this.serviceUrl = serviceUrl;
}


public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
File file = new File("D:/test.txt");
System.out.println(file.exists());

String temp2 = null;
StringBuilder sb2 = new StringBuilder();
InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file),"GBK");
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
temp2 = br.readLine();

while( temp2 != null ){
sb2.append(temp2);
temp2 = br.readLine();
}
String sss = sb2.toString();
// System.out.println(sss.toString());
new DeloittePricingSingleCarImpl().invoke(sss);
}
}

 

post提交表單

/**
* post方式提交表單（模擬用戶登陸請求）
*/
public void postForm() {
// 建立默認的httpClient實例.
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
// 建立httppost
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
// 建立參數隊列
List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", "admin"));
formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", "123456"));
UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;
try {
uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");
httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);
System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));
System.out.println("--------------------------------------");
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 關閉鏈接,釋放資源
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
文件上傳

/**
* 上傳文件
*/
public void upload() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
try {
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceFile.action");

FileBody bin = new FileBody(new File("F:\\image\\sendpix0.jpg"));
StringBody comment = new StringBody("A binary file of some kind", ContentType.TEXT_PLAIN);

HttpEntity reqEntity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create().addPart("bin", bin).addPart("comment", comment).build();

httppost.setEntity(reqEntity);

System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
try {
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
if (resEntity != null) {
System.out.println("Response content length: " + resEntity.getContentLength());
}
EntityUtils.consume(resEntity);
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
ssl鏈接

/**
* HttpClient鏈接SSL
*/
public void ssl() {
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
FileInputStream instream = new FileInputStream(new File("d:\\tomcat.keystore"));
try {
// 加載keyStore d:\\tomcat.keystore
trustStore.load(instream, "123456".toCharArray());
} catch (CertificateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
instream.close();
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
}
// 相信本身的CA和全部自簽名的證書
SSLContext sslcontext = SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial(trustStore, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy()).build();
// 只容許使用TLSv1協議
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslcontext, new String[] { "TLSv1" }, null,
SSLConnectionSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
// 建立http請求(get方式)
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("https://localhost:8443/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");
System.out.println("executing request" + httpget.getRequestLine());
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
System.out.println("----------------------------------------");
System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
if (entity != null) {
System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());
System.out.println(EntityUtils.toString(entity));
EntityUtils.consume(entity);
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (httpclient != null) {
try {
httpclient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
關於RequestConfig的配置:  

源自:  

http://segmentfault.com/a/1190000000587944

http://blog.csdn.net/walkerjong/article/details/51710945

public void requestConfig(){
// 新建一個RequestConfig：
RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = RequestConfig.custom()
//1、鏈接目標服務器超時時間：ConnectionTimeout-->指的是鏈接一個url的鏈接等待時間
.setConnectTimeout(5000)
//2、讀取目標服務器數據超時時間：SocketTimeout-->指的是鏈接上一個url，獲取response的返回等待時間
.setSocketTimeout(5000)
//3、從鏈接池獲取鏈接的超時時間:ConnectionRequestTimeout
.setConnectionRequestTimeout(5000)
.build();

// 這個超時能夠設置爲客戶端級別,做爲全部請求的默認值：
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setDefaultRequestConfig(defaultRequestConfig)
.build();
// httpclient.execute(httppost);的時候可讓httppost直接享受到httpclient中的默認配置.

// Request不會繼承客戶端級別的請求配置，因此在自定義Request的時候，須要將客戶端的默認配置拷貝過去：
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.apache.org/");
RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.copy(defaultRequestConfig)
.setProxy(new HttpHost("myotherproxy", 8080))
.build();
httpget.setConfig(requestConfig);
// httpget能夠單獨地使用新copy的requestConfig請求配置,不會對別的request請求產生影響
}
httpGet或httpPost 的abort()和releaseConnection()差別

//httpPost.abort();//中斷請求,接下來能夠開始另外一段請求,因此我的理應,用這個應該能夠在session中虛擬登陸
//httpPost.releaseConnection();//釋放請求.若是釋放了至關於要清空session
可知模擬登陸能夠以下:  源自 http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390195343

package com.bms.core;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.Consts;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import com.bms.util.CommonUtil;

public class Test2 {

/**
* @param args
* @throws IOException
* @throws ClientProtocolException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
String body = "";
HttpResponse response;
HttpEntity entity;
response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
entity = response.getEntity();
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);//這個就是頁面源碼了
httpGet.abort();//中斷請求,接下來能夠開始另外一段請求
System.out.println(body);
//httpGet.releaseConnection();//釋放請求.若是釋放了至關於要清空session
//如下是post方法
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.baidu.com");//必定要改爲能夠提交的地址,這裏用百度代替
List <NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "1"));//名值對
nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("account", "xxxx"));
httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8));
response = httpclient.execute(httpPost);
entity = response.getEntity();
body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println("Login form get: " + response.getStatusLine());//這個能夠打印狀態
httpPost.abort();
System.out.println(body);
httpPost.releaseConnection();
}

}
源自  http://blog.csdn.net/wangpeng047/article/details/19624529#reply

其它相關資料: 非CloseableHttpClient  HTTPClient模塊的HttpGet和HttpPost

HttpClient 4.3教程

httpclient異常狀況分析

我項目中用到的HttpClientUtil (2016/12/17)

package com.isoftstone.pcis.isc.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest;
import org.apache.http.HttpRequest;
import org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import com.isoftstone.pcis.isc.util.ProperUtil;

public class HttpClientUtil {

private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null;

static final int maxTotal=Integer.valueOf(ProperUtil.get("maxTotal")).intValue();//總最大鏈接數
static final int defaultMaxPerRoute=Integer.valueOf(ProperUtil.get("corePoolSize")).intValue();//每條線路最大鏈接數 = 本系統核心線程數 , 這樣永遠不會超過最大鏈接

public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() {

if (null == httpclient) {
synchronized (HttpClientUtil.class) {
if (null == httpclient) {
httpclient = getNewHttpClient();
}
}
}

return httpclient;
}

private static CloseableHttpClient getNewHttpClient() {


// 設置鏈接池
ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory();
Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("http", plainsf).register("https", sslsf).build();
PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry);
// 配置最大鏈接數
cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal);
// 配置每條線路的最大鏈接數
cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(defaultMaxPerRoute);

// 請求重試處理
HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() {
@Override
public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception,
int executionCount, HttpContext context) {
if (executionCount >= 2) {// 若是已經重試了2次，就放棄
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 若是服務器丟掉了鏈接，那麼就重試
return true;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重試SSL握手異常
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超時
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目標服務器不可達
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 鏈接被拒絕
return false;
}
if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手異常
return false;
}

HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context);
HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest();

if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}

};

CloseableHttpClient newHttpclient=null;

newHttpclient = HttpClients.custom()
.setConnectionManager(cm)
// .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig)
.setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler)
.build();

return newHttpclient;
}
}
我本身整理的HttpClientTool

package com.isoftstone.core.util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InterruptedIOException; import java.net.UnknownHostException; import javax.net.ssl.SSLException; import javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException; import org.apache.http.HttpEntityEnclosingRequest; import org.apache.http.HttpHost; import org.apache.http.HttpRequest; import org.apache.http.NoHttpResponseException; import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.client.protocol.HttpClientContext; import org.apache.http.config.Registry; import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder; import org.apache.http.conn.ConnectTimeoutException; import org.apache.http.conn.routing.HttpRoute; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.LayeredConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory; import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext; /** * org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient連接池生成工具 * @reference http://www.cnblogs.com/whatlonelytear/articles/4835538.html * @author King * @date 20170601 */ public class HttpClientTool { // org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient private static CloseableHttpClient httpclient = null; // 這裏就直接默認固定了,由於如下三個參數在新建的method中仍然能夠從新配置並被覆蓋. static final int connectionRequestTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,從池中獲取連接超時時間 static final int connectTimeout = 5000;// ms毫秒,創建連接超時時間 static final int socketTimeout = 30000;// ms毫秒,讀取超時時間 // 總配置,主要涉及是如下兩個參數,若是要做調整沒有用到properties會比較後麻煩,但鑑於一經粘貼,隨處可用的特色,就再也不作依賴性配置化處理了. // 並且這個參數同一家公司基本不會變更. static final int maxTotal = 500;// 最大總併發,很重要的參數 static final int maxPerRoute = 100;// 每路併發,很重要的參數 // 正常狀況這裏應該配成MAP或LIST // 細化配置參數,用來對每路參數作精細化處理,能夠管控各ip的流量,好比默認配置請求baidu:80端口最大100個併發連接, static final String detailHostName = "http://www.baidu.com";// 每一個細化配置之ip(不重要,在特殊場景頗有用) static final int detailPort = 80;// 每一個細化配置之port(不重要,在特殊場景頗有用) static final int detailMaxPerRoute = 100;// 每一個細化配置之最大併發數(不重要,在特殊場景頗有用) public static CloseableHttpClient getHttpClient() { if (null == httpclient) { synchronized (HttpClientTool.class) { if (null == httpclient) { httpclient = init(); } } } return httpclient; } /** * 連接池初始化 這裏最重要的一點理解就是. 讓CloseableHttpClient 一直活在池的世界裏, 可是HttpPost卻一直用完就消掉. * 這樣可讓連接一直保持着. * * @return */ private static CloseableHttpClient init() { CloseableHttpClient newHttpclient = null; // 設置鏈接池 ConnectionSocketFactory plainsf = PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(); LayeredConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = SSLConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(); Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> registry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("http", plainsf).register("https", sslsf).build(); PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(registry); // 將最大鏈接數增長 cm.setMaxTotal(maxTotal); // 將每一個路由基礎的鏈接增長 cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(maxPerRoute); // 細化配置開始,其實這裏用Map或List的for循環來配置每一個連接,在特殊場景頗有用. // 將每一個路由基礎的鏈接作特殊化配置,通常用不着 HttpHost httpHost = new HttpHost(detailHostName, detailPort); // 將目標主機的最大鏈接數增長 cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost), detailMaxPerRoute); // cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost2), // detailMaxPerRoute2);//能夠有細化配置2 // cm.setMaxPerRoute(new HttpRoute(httpHost3), // detailMaxPerRoute3);//能夠有細化配置3 // 細化配置結束 // 請求重試處理 HttpRequestRetryHandler httpRequestRetryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler() { @Override public boolean retryRequest(IOException exception, int executionCount, HttpContext context) { if (executionCount >= 2) {// 若是已經重試了2次，就放棄 return false; } if (exception instanceof NoHttpResponseException) {// 若是服務器丟掉了鏈接，那麼就重試 return true; } if (exception instanceof SSLHandshakeException) {// 不要重試SSL握手異常 return false; } if (exception instanceof InterruptedIOException) {// 超時 return false; } if (exception instanceof UnknownHostException) {// 目標服務器不可達 return false; } if (exception instanceof ConnectTimeoutException) {// 鏈接被拒絕 return false; } if (exception instanceof SSLException) {// SSL握手異常 return false; } HttpClientContext clientContext = HttpClientContext.adapt(context); HttpRequest request = clientContext.getRequest(); // 若是請求是冪等的，就再次嘗試 if (!(request instanceof HttpEntityEnclosingRequest)) { return true; } return false; } }; // 配置請求的超時設置 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout).setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout).setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout).build(); newHttpclient = HttpClients.custom().setConnectionManager(cm).setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setRetryHandler(httpRequestRetryHandler).build(); return newHttpclient; } } package com.alqsoft.utils; import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.net.URI;import java.net.URISyntaxException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.ParseException;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.config.CookieSpecs;import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;import org.apache.http.config.Registry;import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;import org.apache.http.cookie.Cookie;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieOrigin;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpec;import org.apache.http.cookie.CookieSpecProvider;import org.apache.http.cookie.MalformedCookieException;import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BestMatchSpecFactory;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpec;import org.apache.http.impl.cookie.BrowserCompatSpecFactory;import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils; public class HttpClientObject { private static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(HttpClientObject.class); private CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; private HttpResponse response; private HttpPost httpPost = null; private HttpGet httpGet = null; private String paramKey = ""; private String paramValue = ""; private String responseString; public void setParamKey(String paramKey) { this.paramKey = paramKey; } public void setParamValue(String paramValue) { this.paramValue = paramValue; } public String getResponseString() { return responseString; } public HttpClientObject() { this.getHttpClient(); } private List<NameValuePair> getRequestBody() { NameValuePair pair1 = new BasicNameValuePair(paramKey, paramValue); List<NameValuePair> pairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); pairList.add(pair1); return pairList; } public void submit() { try { if (httpPost != null) { response = httpClient.execute(httpPost); httpPost = null; } if (httpGet != null) { response = httpClient.execute(httpGet); httpGet = null; } this.response(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private void response() { String result = ""; BufferedReader in = null; try { HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity(); responseString = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (Exception e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } } } public void setPost(String httpUrl) { try { HttpEntity requestHttpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(this.getRequestBody()); httpPost = new HttpPost(httpUrl); httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "」application/json;charset=UTF-8"); httpPost.setEntity(requestHttpEntity); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void setGet(String httpUrl) { httpGet = new HttpGet(httpUrl); httpGet.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/html;charset=UTF-8"); } private void getHttpClient() { BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); CookieSpecProvider easySpecProvider = new CookieSpecProvider() { public CookieSpec create(HttpContext context) { return new BrowserCompatSpec() { @Override public void validate(Cookie cookie, CookieOrigin origin) throws MalformedCookieException {// Oh, I am easy } }; } }; Registry<CookieSpecProvider> r = RegistryBuilder.<CookieSpecProvider>create() .register(CookieSpecs.BEST_MATCH, new BestMatchSpecFactory()) .register(CookieSpecs.BROWSER_COMPATIBILITY, new BrowserCompatSpecFactory()) .register("easy", easySpecProvider).build(); RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setCookieSpec("easy") .setSocketTimeout(20000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieSpecRegistry(r) .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig).setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); } /** * httpclient發送http get請求； * * @return * @throws URISyntaxException * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static String sendGet(String uriPath, List<NameValuePair> ns) throws URISyntaxException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); URIBuilder uri = new URIBuilder(); uri.setPath(uriPath); uri.addParameters(ns); URI u = uri.build(); HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(u); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget); return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); } /** * httpclient發送http post請求； * * @return * @throws URISyntaxException * @throws IOException * @throws ClientProtocolException */ public static String sendPost(String uriPath, List<NameValuePair> ns) throws URISyntaxException, ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault(); URIBuilder uri = new URIBuilder(); uri.setPath(uriPath); uri.addParameters(ns); URI u = uri.build(); HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(u); CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpPost); return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); } } 使用方法以下： String signUrl= 」路徑「； try{ List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs=new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("phone",phone)); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("xytId",String.valueOf(xytId))); nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("balance",balance)); String result=HttpClientObject.sendPost(signUrl,nameValuePairs); logger.info("result: = "+result); JSONObject jsonObject=JSON.parseObject(result); Integer code=Integer.valueOf(jsonObject.getString("code")); if(code.equals(0)){ code1=0L; }else if(code.equals(1)){ code1=1L; }else if(code.equals(3)){ code1=3L; } }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } --------------------- 版權聲明：本文爲CSDN博主「Franco蠟筆小強」的原創文章，遵循CC 4.0 by-sa版權協議，轉載請附上原文出處連接及本聲明。原文連接：https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315